A. Description of Firm and Principal Owners Northwood is an SEC-registered investment advisor, founded in 2006 by its President and Chief Executive
Officer, John Z. Kukral. Since inception, ownership and control of Northwood has been retained by Mr.
Kukral.
B. Description of Advisory Services Northwood specializes in real-estate related investments. Northwood provides these services to its clients:
privately-offered, pooled investment vehicles (collectively, the “Funds”) and a separate account mandate
(“Separate Account”).
Northwood invests client assets into individual real estate assets, multi-property portfolios, joint ventures,
operating companies, or the public securities of real estate-related companies. Investments may be made
in various parts of the capital structure, including equity, preferred equity, debt, participating debt, and other
financial structures which are consistent with clients’ investment objectives. Northwood is responsible for
identifying, underwriting, and effecting investments for its clients. Northwood develops a comprehensive
investment thesis and management plan for each prospective investment and attempts to generate value for
investors by improving the management, operations, financing, and characteristics of the assets it purchases
on behalf of its clients.
In most cases, Northwood uses affiliated property management teams (the “Property Management
Affiliates”) to manage the investments Northwood has made on behalf of its clients. Property management
services include supervising, directing and controlling the day-to-day management and operations of
properties, hiring and supervising employees at the property, and such other services as necessary to manage
the property.
Property Management Affiliates provide these services for a fee, pursuant to a contractual agreement. Each
Property Management Affiliate focuses on a specific real estate sector and employs personnel with
meaningful experience in that sector. Northwood’s Property Management Affiliates include:
• Northwood Hospitality LLC,
• Northwood Retail LLC,
• Northwood Office LLC, and
• Northwood Residential LLC.
Northwood recognizes conflicts of interest exist when using an affiliated service provider. The Funds’
limited partnership agreements dictate that the terms of any engagement with an affiliate can be no less
favorable to the Fund than it would be using a comparable, unaffiliated third party. Northwood believes
the benefits of using these affiliates outweigh the conflicts and has taken steps to mitigate concerns.
Northwood believes the use of affiliates results in better alignment of interests, efficiencies in
communication, focused number of properties under management, and economic reporting efficiencies. In
addition to these benefits, Northwood believes the conflicts associated with using affiliated property
management companies are mitigated by treating the net income of the Property Management Affiliates as
an offset to the fund management fee paid by limited partners. Northwood believe this approach effectively
makes the use of affiliated service providers less costly than using unaffiliated service providers, for which
there would be no fee offset. As the Separate Account is non-discretionary and account owners have the
ability to dictate service providers used, there is no management fee offset when using affiliated service
providers.
On occasion, Northwood provides opportunities to co-invest in portfolio investments of the Funds.
Northwood does not offer co-investment opportunities with respect to all portfolio investments of the Funds
and, when co-investment opportunities exist, may allocate any such opportunities in its sole discretion.
Northwood has a standing co-investment vehicle into which existing limited partners have been offered an
opportunity to participate. To date, investment opportunities for which there are co-investment
opportunities have principally been allocated to that standing co-investment vehicle.
In the event a prospective investment exceeds the investment capacity for the Funds and the standing co-
investment vehicle, additional co-investors could be sought. In allocating co-investment opportunities to
those additional co-investors, Northwood would consider many factors when identifying co-investment
partners, including: the size or timing of investor commitments to the Funds, other potential investments
then being considered by the Funds, investment concentration with respect to the Funds, the liquidity needs
and obligations of the Funds, nature of the transaction, speed of execution required, tax considerations, the
strategic value of a particular investor co-investing in the opportunity in question and similar items. In all
cases, Northwood, in its sole discretion, would determine the most reasonable co-investors to work with
and would always attempt to allocate opportunities in the most fair and equitable manner.
Northwood has not and does not intend to offer Fund co-investment opportunities to the Separate Account.
C. Tailoring Advisory Services to Individual Needs Northwood only tailors the Funds’ advisory services to comply with the requirements set forth in the
relevant governing and offering documents. Investment advice is provided directly to each vehicle and not
to the vehicles’ individual investors. As such, investors generally cannot negotiate Northwood’s investment
activities to meet their individual needs. However, limited partners may request non-participation in types
of investments that could conflict with regulatory/statutory or ideological restrictions of the investor. Such
requests are approved or denied at the sole discretion of the general partner of a Fund (the “General
Partner”) and will be memorialized in side-letter agreements negotiated at the time of subscription.
Owners the Separate Account have tailored the specific services provided by Northwood.
D. Wrap Fee Programs Northwood does not participate in wrap fee programs.
E. Assets under Management As of December 31, 2018, Northwood managed approximately $6,544,054,296 on a discretionary basis.
This amount represents the fair market value of the Funds’ assets and the uncalled capital commitments of
the Funds’ investors.
Northwood manages approximately $449,212,500 on a non-discretionary basis.
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A. Compensation for Advisory Services Northwood provides investment advisory services to its clients pursuant to separate investment advisory
agreements, which, along with the relevant offering and governing documents, where applicable, explain
the details regarding fees.1
Northwood typically receives compensation from fees based on a percentage of assets under management,
carried interest allocations, and certain other fees or expenses related to transactions. Prospective investors
should review the Funds’ offering and governing documents to fully understand the total amount of fees
and expenses to be paid by the Funds and, indirectly, by their limited partners. The Separate Account
negotiated fees at the outset of the advisory relationship.
1. Management Fees The Funds Northwood’s management fee is paid quarterly, in advance. Management fees for each of the Funds
(excluding the standing co-investment vehicles) are based on an annualized percentage which typically
ranges from 1% to 2% of one or more of the following: capital commitments or invested capital plus
unfunded capital commitments. Management fees for each of the standing co-investment vehicles are based
on an annualized percentage which typically ranges from 1% to 2% of invested capital. The management
fee payable may be reduced in certain circumstances, as described below.
Management fees are reduced by 100% of any amount contributed by the investors for Fund investments
on behalf of the General Partners and their affiliates. Northwood is entitled to the amount of distributions
otherwise distributable in respect of such contributions but solely out of profits from investments of the
Funds. Such contributions also reduce the amount the General Partners are otherwise required to contribute
for an investment of the Funds.
The management fee is also reduced by 100% of the Funds’ share of any transaction fees, financing fees
and other similar fees received by Northwood or its affiliates in connection with actual or potential
investment of the Funds. Property Management Affiliates receive property management fees, leasing fees,
construction fees, and other similar fees from the Funds’ investments in return for providing property
management and related services (see
Item 4: Advisory Business). The Funds’ share of property
management fees and other fees earned by the Property Management Affiliates (“Offsetable Property
Management Fees”), net of out-of-pocket expenses incurred to operate such Property Management
Affiliates, in connection with the investments of such Funds, is applied as a reduction of the management
fees payable by the fee-paying limited partners of such Funds. Such expenses include, among other things,
shared overhead expenses with Northwood (e.g., rent and personnel), costs for services provided by
affiliates of the General Partners, and, as more fully described below, compensation and salary of
employees of Property Management Affiliates. For the avoidance of doubt, any property management fees
received by Property Management Affiliates with respect to assets owned solely by third parties (“Third
Party Fees”) shall not be applied as a reduction of the management fees payable by limited partners of the
Funds. In the event any Third Party Fees are received, for purposes of calculating the reduction of the
management fees payable by limited partners of the Funds, Northwood reduces the out-of-pocket operating
expenses of the Property Management Affiliates by a proportional amount based on the relationship
1 As all of the unaffiliated limited partners invested in Northwood’s Funds are qualified purchasers, as defined in section 2(a)(51)(A) of the
Investment Company Act of 1940, the specific details of each Fund’s fee schedule are not required to be provided in this brochure.
between the Third Party Fees and Offsetable Property Management Fees received in the applicable period.
In connection with a portfolio investment, property management contracts may from time to time be
assumed with one or more third parties in respect of assets outside of the portfolio investment. Unless the
Funds’ Advisory Committee determines otherwise, it is generally expected that any revenue received by a
Property Management Affiliate from a third party pursuant to such contracts will be treated as Offsetable
Property Management Fees.
Furthermore, from time to time, in connection with the making of a portfolio investment, certain personnel
related to the portfolio company that were involved in property management services prior to the portfolio
investment join a Property Management Affiliate. Generally, such personnel continue to provide services
relating to the applicable portfolio investment and the fees received by the Property Management Affiliate
accrue to the benefit of the limited partners to the extent described above. However, subject to the preceding
paragraph, to the extent any Property Management Affiliate or such personnel ultimately become involved
in the provision of property management or other services for third parties (
e.g., entities other than portfolio
companies, including entities that cease to be portfolio companies), neither the Funds nor the limited
partners will participate in any resulting profits notwithstanding whether the opportunity to provide such
property management or other services may not have been available absent a portfolio investment.
Lastly, employees of Property Management Affiliates may in certain instances spend a minority of their
time identifying potential portfolio investments and assisting in the due diligence and evaluation of new
portfolio investments. Such employees may also be entitled to a portion of the profit distributions that are
generated in connection with portfolio investments. Such profit distributions will generally be borne by the
Funds (and will not be taken into account in calculating any offset to the management Fee) notwithstanding
that the employees may be employed by a Property Management Affiliate. Senior employees of Property
Management Affiliates may also co-invest with Northwood in each portfolio investment that is within such
Property Management Affiliate’s respective sector, which could reduce the share of investment
opportunities available to the Funds.
Investments made by Northwood or its affiliates (e.g., General Partners, Employees, etc.) do not pay
management fees.
Separate Account The Separate Account pays a management fee based on the gross asset value of the portfolio. The fee is
paid quarterly, in arrears.
2. Carried Interest Allocations The Funds Northwood is entitled to receive a portion of the distribution of investment proceeds as incentive
compensation (generally known as “carried interest”). The carried interest is calculated as 25% of the
investment proceeds otherwise allocable to the limited partners of a Fund for a particular investment after
the limited partners have received the capital contributed for the investment, capital contributed for all other
realized investments, a pro rata portion of capital contributed for Fund expenses and a 6% annualized
preferred return on these amounts. Thereafter, investment proceeds otherwise allocable to a limited partner
are distributed 75% to the limited partner and 25% to the General Partner of such Fund.
In addition, Northwood is subject to clawback provisions and is obligated to return to the limited partners
any carried interest received by Northwood if such compensation is greater than 25% of the profits (subject
to the return of invested capital, pro-rata return of expenses and 6% annualized preferred return on these
amounts) over the course of certain time periods.
The governing fund documents for each Fund contain the details of how the incentive allocations are
calculated and details the foregoing provisions as they apply to each Fund.
Investments made by Northwood or its affiliates (e.g., General Partners, Employees, etc.) do not pay carried
interest.
Separate Account The Separate Account is a qualified purchaser. Accordingly, Northwood negotiated to receive carried
interest allocations relative to the performance of the Separate Account. Northwood can earn carried
interest for outperformance relative to performance return hurdle. The carried interest rate and performance
hurdles were agreed upon at the outset to of the advisory relationship.
B. Collection of Fees The Funds Management fees may be paid from amounts contributed to the Funds by investors or withheld from
investment proceeds. The Funds may also borrow against credit lines to advance the management fee to
Northwood. The funds will bear any interest expenses incurred as the result of this practice.
Carried interest is deducted and paid from distribution proceeds.
Separate Account The Separate Account generally makes check or wire payments on a quarterly basis. Northwood generally
invoices the Separate Account for the payment of fees.
C. Other Fees and Expenses The Funds The Funds’ limited partners are required to pay their pro rata portion of organizational and offering expenses
in connection with offering of interests in the Funds. Fees paid to placement agents, to the extent borne by
limited partners in a Fund, are applied as a 100% offset to the management fees payable by such Fund to
Northwood.
Investments made by Northwood or its affiliates (e.g., General Partners, Employees, etc.) do not pay
placement agent fees.
Each Fund, except as noted above, pays all expenses related to its own operations, including, but not limited
to, organizational expenses, fees, costs and expenses directly related to purchasing, disposing of, financing,
refinancing, hedging, holding, monitoring, developing, negotiating, and structuring Fund investments and
transactions that are not consummated and costs of related information management and trading systems
(whether maintained by the General Partner, Northwood or their affiliates or otherwise), and other costs
and fees in connection with duplicating, postage, delivery, communications, appraisal, engineering and
environmental services, property and asset management fees in connection therewith and lodging, travel,
meals and other travel related costs in connection therewith (to the extent not subject to any reimbursement
of such costs and expenses by entities in which such Fund invests or other third parties); all fees, costs and
expenses of advisers, travel expenses, accountants, appraisers, tax advisers, consultants, lenders, investment
banks and other financing sources, and legal counsel, brokers, deal finders, agents, valuation experts, data
providers (including related systems and services from such data providers and data management software),
and other advisers and professionals (including audit and certification fees and the costs of preparing,
printing and distributing reports to the Fund’s partners); sales, leasing and brokerage commissions,
development fees, loan servicing fees, custodial expenses and other investment costs incurred in connection
with Fund investments; principal, interest on and fees and expenses arising out of all borrowings made by
such Fund, including the arranging thereof; the costs of any fidelity bond or similar insurance and the costs
of any litigation, D&O liability or other insurance and indemnification or extraordinary expense or liability
relating to the affairs of such Fund; expenses of liquidating the Fund; any taxes, fees or other charges levied
against the Fund; all expenses incurred in connection with any audit, investigation, settlement or review of
the Fund, expenses associated with the Fund’s administrative, reporting, monitoring, research or research-
related costs, financial statements and tax returns; expenses associated with portfolio and risk management,
including currency hedging; all fees, costs and expenses of the annual meeting and meetings of the Funds’
Advisory Committee under the limited partnership agreement and any meetings or conferences with one or
more Partners; all fees, costs and expenses, if any, associated with any third-party examinations or audits
(including fees, costs and expenses associated with any REIT subsidiary or other similar services) of the
Fund, the General Partner or Northwood that are attributable to the operation of the Fund or requested by
the Fund’s limited partners; all fees, costs and expenses, if any, incurred in connection with the Fund’s
legal, tax, regulatory and statutory compliance with U.S. federal, state, local, non-U.S. or other law or
regulation (including, without limitation, regulatory filings of Northwood and its affiliates relating to the
Fund and its activities, including reporting on and compliance with Form PF, FATCA and any comparable
legislation or regulations published by any other relevant jurisdiction, including in each case, reports,
disclosures, filings and notifications prepared in connection with compliance by the Fund or any parallel
vehicle with the European Union Alternative Investment Directive (“AIFMD”) by the Fund or any parallel
vehicle, but excluding any fees, costs and expenses incurred in connection with the organization and
maintenance of any entity established to be the “alternative investment fund manager” of the Fund or any
parallel vehicle within the meaning of the AIFMD); expenses incurred in connection with complying with
provisions in side letter agreements, including “most favored nations” provisions; tax preparation expenses
(which includes the preparation and filing of any forms, schedules, filings, information or other documents
necessary to avoid the imposition of withholding or other taxes pursuant to “FATCA” and Report of Foreign
Bank and Financial Accounts); and all expenses and fees charged or specifically attributed or allocated by
Northwood or its affiliates to provide in-house legal, tax, accounting, reporting and portfolio monitoring
services to the Fund and/or portfolio companies, and expenses, charges and/or related costs incurred by the
Fund, Northwood or its affiliates in connection with such provision of in-house legal, tax, accounting,
reporting and portfolio monitoring services to the Fund and/or portfolio companies including, without
limitation, compensation and other overhead allocable to such services;
provided, that the General Partner
determines in good faith that any such expenses, charges or related costs are not greater than what would
be paid to an unaffiliated third party for substantially similar services.
The Funds are responsible for reimbursing the cost of meal and travel expenses related to Fund business.
Such travel expenses include Northwood and its affiliated persons’ airfare, which may be coach, business
or first class. Travel expenses for Northwood and its affiliated persons may include expenses for private
transportation, including chartered airfare when the use of a chartered plane is deemed appropriate. In
addition, to the extent Northwood and its affiliated persons incur travel expenses in connection with any
meetings with existing and/or prospective investors in a Fund, a portion of such travel expenses may be
allocated to such Fund as organizational expenses. Northwood has policies and procedures dictating
permissible practices as they relate to meal and travel expenses.
Northwood occasionally invests in assets where the investment opportunity is shared with a joint venture
partner (“JV Partner”) that provides equity and/or services to the project. JV Partners can receive
compensation in the form of management fees or incentive allocations when investments outperform certain
hurdles. This compensation is typically paid to the JV Partner by the underlying asset, which is an indirect
expense to the Funds. As applicable, JV Partner compensation is provided to limited partners in the
Investment Committee memos of the relevant investment.
Prospective investors must refer to the detailed information found in each Fund’s governing fund
documents for specific information about the fees that may be earned by Northwood and the fees potentially
charged to the Funds.
Separate Account
The Separate Account is generally required to bear certain costs, as required by regulations or individual
preference. Separate Account owners may bear expenses in the area of audit, due diligence, banking and
lending fees and more. Such fees were negotiated and articulated in a written advisory agreement and/or
supplementary documents drafted at the outset of the advisory relationship.
D. Payment of Fees In Advance/Arrears The Funds As noted above, management fees for the Funds are paid quarterly in advance.
In circumstances where additional capital is called for Northwood’s co-investment vehicles, either in the
form of new limited partners or additional capital committed by existing limited partners, after the
calculation and collection of quarterly advance management fees, Northwood will pro-rate additional
management fees the following quarter, pro-rata, based on the number of days capital was under
management but for which management fees were not assessed.
Separate Account As noted above, management fees for the Separate Account are paid quarterly in arrears.
To the extent a Separate Account’s written advisory agreement and/or supplementary documents are
terminated during a relevant period for which management fees are payable, Separate Account owners will
be required to bear any management fees with respect to such period that have accrued prior to the date of
termination.
E. Compensation for Sale of Securities and Other Investment Products Neither Northwood nor any of its supervised persons accepts compensation for the sale of securities or
other investment products, including asset-based sales charges or service fees from the sale of mutual funds.
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As described in
Item 5: Fees and Compensation, Northwood is eligible to receive Carried Interest as
incentive compensation. The fact that Northwood is compensated based on a share of capital gains on or
capital appreciation may create an incentive for Northwood to make investments that are riskier or more
speculative than would be the case in the absence of such compensation.
Practically speaking, however, this risk is mitigated for the Funds due to the substantial investment in the
Funds’ by Northwood and its affiliates. The Separate Account is non-discretionary and, therefore, would
not be approved by the owners of the account if a proposed transaction were outside the client’s risk
parameters. Further, the most substantive economic benefit to Northwood is largely dependent upon the
success of investments, which drives Northwood’s Carried Interest. Accordingly, pursuing riskier
investments to increase the management fee base is most likely counterproductive to Northwood’s
economic interests.
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Northwood provides discretionary investment advice to the Funds and non-discretionary investment advice
to the Separate Account. Both investors in the Funds’ and the Separate Account can include, pension plans,
endowments, foundations, corporate and business entities, trusts, and high net worth individuals.
Northwood does not have a minimum account size, but clients and investors are required to meet certain
suitability qualifications, such as being an “accredited investor” and a “qualified purchaser” within the
meaning set forth under the federal securities laws.
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A. Investment Strategies Client assets are invested in a broad range of real estate and real estate-related investment opportunities.
Northwood sources investment opportunities from a variety of industry participants including property
owners, other real estate professionals, lawyers, property managers, brokers, financial institutions,
multinational corporations, and competing funds.
Northwood employs a fundamental, value driven investment strategy that seeks to maximize long-term
value through acquisition or funding of ownership interests in individual real estate assets, multi-property
portfolios, joint ventures, operating companies, and public securities related to real estate or real estate
related companies and will pursue a disciplined investment approach to identify attractive opportunities
which offer upside potential and downside risk protection. Northwood will also consider investment
opportunities in operating businesses or other assets for which real estate is a material component or asset
base (for example, restaurants, retailers, hospitals, infrastructure assets or operators and similar types of
businesses).
Northwood continually monitors and refines its investment strategy based on the evolution of real estate
and capital markets. As a result, certain aspects of the Northwood’s investment program, such as target
asset classes, geographies and seller groups, may change over time as Northwood seeks to capitalize on the
best risk-adjusted opportunities available in the market.
Northwood’s investment process generally involves an initial review of each investment opportunity by
one or more investment professionals under the supervision and direction of Northwood’s investment
committee (the “Investment Committee”). Northwood’s investment personnel generally meet weekly to
discuss existing investments, pending investment opportunities, discuss ideas, and strategies for uncovering
new investments. Investments which merit further consideration undergo a formal due diligence process
after which the investment professionals prepare a formal Investment Committee Memorandum, which
details their analysis, conclusions, and recommendations.
[Northwood’s Investment Committee is comprised of two voting members, Messrs. Kukral and Profenius,
as well as contributing members, including Northwood’s CFO and all of its Managing Directors and Senior
Managing Directors. The Investment Committee is responsible for reviewing all investment decisions,
including acquisitions, dispositions, and potential structures for deals. The investment process requires the
insight and input from Northwood’s entire investment team, but the voting members of the Investment
Committee make all investment decisions. All investment decisions must be unanimous among the
Investment Committee’s voting members.
Northwood’s investment strategy usually includes retaining Property Management Affiliates to be
responsible for the day-to-day operations of real estate assets. Northwood uses its Property Management
Affiliates due to its belief that such arrangements represent strong operational efficiencies and better
alignment of interests to drive value creation. The Property Management Affiliates are responsible for
implementing business plans and are held accountable for creating value. The execution of the business
plans generally involves creating and/or monitoring budgets, leasing, marketing, capital expenditures,
repositioning, and identifying and hiring appropriate personnel at the investment properties.
Northwood seeks to establish multiple exit options for each investment, including refinancing, partial or
strategic sales, exchanges, and direct sales. Northwood believes that positioning an investment for multiple
exit options enhances downside protection against inevitable shifts in demand or market fluctuations and
reinforces its objective of long-term value creation.
B. Material Risks of Investment Strategy Investments in real estate involve multiple risks. Below, Northwood has summarized risks it believes
primary to the type of investments it makes on behalf of its clients. The risks identified below, however,
do not represent the entirety of risks a prospective investor or client should evaluate before retaining
Northwood to provide its advisory services. Prospective investors in the Funds should carefully review and
consider all of the risks related to investing that are set forth in the applicable private placement
memorandum or other offering documents.
1. Private Investment Vehicles An investment in any privately-offered pooled investment vehicle involves inherent risks. Such
investments are suitable only for those investors who have the financial sophistication and expertise to
evaluate the merits and risks of investment. There can be no assurance that any investment vehicle will
meet its investment objectives or that an investor will receive a return of its capital. Additionally, there can
be no assurance that any investment will be able to generate returns for investors or that returns will be
commensurate with the risks of the investment. Investment in a privately-offered pooled investment vehicle
should only be made by those that can afford a loss of their entire investment.
2. Market Conditions Northwood’s strategy is based, in part, upon the premise that real estate businesses and assets will be
available for purchase that are considered favorable. The Fund’s strategy relies, in part, upon local market
conditions throughout the term of the investment. No assurance can be given that real estate businesses
and assets can be acquired or disposed of at favorable prices or that the market for such assets will remain
stable, recover, or continue to improve since this will depend upon events and factors outside of
Northwood’s control. Additionally, there can be no assurance that market conditions may not deteriorate
during the life of the Fund, which could have a materially adverse effect on the assets of the Fund. Actual
or perceived trends in real estate markets do not guarantee, predict or foresee future events, which may
differ significantly from those implied by such trends.
3. Risk of Turmoil in the U.S. and Global Financial Markets The turmoil over the past decade in the U.S. and global financial markets has illustrated that the financial
markets may experience uncertainty, volatility and instability. Lending and the global credit markets may
experience substantial volatility, disruption, liquidity shortages and to some extent financial instability.
Global financial markets have experienced considerable and prolonged declines in the valuations of equity
and debt securities and periodic acute contraction in the availability of credit. There can be no assurances
that conditions in the global financial markets will not worsen and/or adversely affect one or more of the
Funds’ portfolio investments (including with respect to performing under or refinancing their existing
obligations), its access to capital or leverage, its ability to effectively deploy its capital or realize
investments on favorable terms or its overall performance.
4. Highly Competitive Market for Investment Opportunities The activity of identifying, completing and realizing attractive real estate investments that fall within a
Fund’s investment objective is highly competitive, and involves a high degree of uncertainty. The
availability of investment opportunities generally will be subject to market conditions. In particular, in light
of changes in such conditions, including changes in long-term interest rates, certain types of investments
may not be available to a Fund on terms that are as attractive as the terms on which opportunities were
previously available to the Fund or were available to previous investment programs with which
Northwood’s professionals were involved. Each Fund will be competing for investments with many other
real estate investment vehicles, as well as individuals, publicly traded real estate investment trusts as defined
in the Code (“REITs”), financial institutions (such as investment and mortgage banks, pension funds and
real estate operating companies), hedge funds, sovereign wealth funds, and other institutional investors.
Further, over the past several years, many real estate investment funds and publicly-traded REITs have been
formed and others have been consolidated (and many such existing funds have grown in size) for the
purpose of investing in real estate assets. Additional real estate funds, vehicles and REITs with similar
investment objectives may be formed in the future by other unrelated parties and further consolidation may
occur (resulting in larger funds and vehicles). Some of these competitors may have more relevant
experience, greater financial and other resources and more personnel than the General Partner, Northwood
and the Fund.
5. Diversification Although the Funds are subject to certain diversification limitations, to the extent the General Partners
concentrate the Funds’ portfolio investments in a particular market, the Funds’ portfolios may become more
susceptible to fluctuations in value resulting from adverse economic or business conditions affecting that
particular market. Certain geographic regions may be more adversely affected from economic pressures
when compared to other geographic regions.
6. United Kingdom Withdrawal from the European Union The UK formally notified the European Council of its intention to leave the European Union (“EU”) on
March 29, 2017. Under the process for leaving the EU, the UK will remain a member state until a
withdrawal agreement is entered into, or failing that, two years following the notification of its intention to
leave, although the European Council, in agreement with the UK, could decide to extend this period.
Under guidelines published by the European Council, the negotiations for leaving are to be conducted
broadly in two phases. The first phase is intended to ensure the UK’s orderly withdrawal from the EU; the
second phase is directed toward outlining a framework for a future relationship between the UK and the
EU.
The government and the EU have agreed the text of a withdrawal agreement and a political declaration on
a future relationship, but the withdrawal agreement has been rejected by the UK Parliament and there is no
guarantee that it can be rendered acceptable to Parliament in the time available, or at all. The UK will
therefore remain a member state subject to EU law with privileges to provide services under the single
market directives until March 29, 2019, but any further privileges after March 29, 2019 will depend on
some form of affirmative action taken by the UK, such as, adopting the proposed withdrawal agreement
(which provides for a transition or implementation period), seeking an extension to the departure date, or
(in theory) even revoking its notification to leave the EU.
In summary, absent affirmative legislative action by the UK government, the UK will cease to be a member
of the European Union on March 29, 2019, with or without a withdrawal agreement. Although it is probable
that the adverse effects of a no-deal Brexit will principally affect the UK (and those having an economic
interest in, or connected to, the UK), given the size and global significance of the UK’s economy,
unpredictability about the terms of its withdrawal and its future legal, political and/or economic
relationships with Europe is likely to be an ongoing source of instability, produce significant currency
fluctuations, and/or have other adverse effects on international markets, international trade agreements
and/or other existing cross-border cooperation arrangements (whether economic, tax, fiscal, legal,
regulatory or otherwise). The withdrawal of the UK from the EU could therefore adversely affect
Northwood, the clients and their portfolio companies. In addition, although it seems less likely now than at
the time of Britain’s referendum, the withdrawal of the UK from the EU could have a further destabilizing
effect if any other member states were to consider withdrawing from the EU, presenting similar and/or
additional potential risks and consequences for Northwood, the clients and their portfolio companies.
7. Illiquid and Long-term Investments Client investments will include debt and equity investments in real estate properties and real estate
businesses for which, often, no public market exists. Although clients’ investments may generate some
current income, the return of capital and the realization of gains, if any, from investments will generally
occur only upon the partial or complete disposition or refinancing of such investment.
Generally, there will be no public market for the investments at the time of its acquisition. To the extent
investments are not publicly traded, clients may be unable to liquidate the investment for a significant period
and may be unable to do so at a profit.
8. Use of Leverage Northwood expects to utilize significant leverage in connection with the Funds’ investments. Although
investments in leveraged companies offer the opportunity for capital appreciation and Northwood will seek
to use leverage in a manner it believes prudent, such leverage will increase the exposure of investments to
adverse economic factors such as rising interest rates, downturns in the economy or deteriorations in the
condition of the investment. Borrowings have the potential to diminish returns (or increase losses on capital)
to the extent overall returns are less than the cost of funds. As a general matter, the presence of leverage
can accelerate losses.
The extent to which clients use leverage may, among others, have the following consequences: (i) greater
fluctuations in the net asset value of assets; (ii) use of cash flow (including capital contributions) for debt
service, distributions, or other purposes; (iii) to the extent that revenues are required to meet principal
payments, clients may be allocated income (and therefore tax liability) in excess of cash distributed; and
(iv) in certain circumstances, clients may be required to dispose of investments at a loss or otherwise on
unattractive terms in order to service its debt obligations or meet its debt covenants. There can be no
assurance that clients will have sufficient cash flow to meet debt service obligations. As a result, exposure
to foreclosure and other losses may be increased due to the illiquidity of its investments.
In addition, the batching of capital calls may amplify the magnitude of potential defaults by a Fund’s limited
partners as a result of there being fewer but larger capital calls. To the extent a subscription facility is due
upon demand by a lender, such a demand may be issued at an inopportune time at which liquidity is
generally constrained, potentially resulting in greater defaults as a result of liquidity constraints on a fund’s
limited partners and/or limited partners facing similar capital calls in multiple funds and being unable to
satisfy all such demands simultaneously. Finally, the existence of a subscription facility may impair a
limited partner’s ability to transfer its interest in the Fund as a result of restrictions imposed on such transfers
by the lender.
9. Recycling & Reinvestment For limited partners in the Funds with a remaining investable commitment allocation, proceeds distributable
(or previously distributed) to such limited partner may be retained and reinvested (or recalled for
reinvestment) by the General Partner or used (or recalled for use) by such General Partner for any purpose
permitted under the applicable limited partnership agreement. Accordingly, a limited partner may be
required to fund an aggregate amount more than its capital commitment during the term of its investment
in a Fund, and to the extent such recalled or retained amounts are reinvested in portfolio investments, such
partner will remain subject to investment and other risks associated with such portfolio investments.
In addition to the opportunities already provided by the limited partnership agreement, limited partners
may, with the General Partner’s approval, have the opportunity to manage their investable commitment
allocations to appropriately address the impact of recycling.
10. Risks of Non-U.S. Investments The Funds will make investments outside of the United States, subject to certain diversification limitations
articulated in the Funds’ governing fund documents. Investments in real estate and real estate-related
businesses outside the United States involve risk factors not typically associated with investing in real estate
related investments in the United States, including currency fluctuations, possible imposition of
withholding or other taxes on income or gains the investments, economic and political risks. While
Northwood intends to minimize exposure to these risks, there can be no assurance such risks will not
adversely affect the Funds’ investments.
11. Legal, Tax and Regulatory Risks Clients must comply with various legal requirements, including those imposed by securities, tax and
pension laws. Any changes in such laws could materially impact investment returns.
12. Role of the General Partners, Northwood and their Professionals Investors in the Funds place their entire commitments in the discretion of, and are dependent upon the skill
and experience of, Northwood under the leadership of Mr. Kukral and Mr. Profenius. The success of the
Funds will depend in part upon the skill and expertise of Northwood’s investment professionals and the
management of portfolio companies. The interests of these professionals in Northwood and the carried
interest should tend to discourage them from withdrawing from participation in the Funds’ investment
activities. However, there can be no assurance that such professionals will continue to be associated with
Northwood throughout the life of the Funds and a loss of the services of key personnel could impair
Northwood’s ability to provide services to the Funds.
13. Cybersecurity Risk Cybersecurity incidents and cyber-attacks have been occurring globally at a more frequent and severe level
and will likely continue to increase in frequency in the future. As part of its business, Northwood processes,
stores and transmits large amounts of electronic information, including information relating to the
transactions of the Funds and personally identifiable information of the limited partners thereof. Similarly,
service providers of Northwood or the Funds, especially an administrator, may process, store and transmit
such information. Northwood’s and portfolio companies’ information and technology systems may be
vulnerable to damage or interruption from computer viruses, network failures, computer and
telecommunication failures, infiltration by unauthorized persons and security breaches, usage errors by their
respective professionals, power outages and catastrophic events such as fires, tornadoes, floods, hurricanes,
typhoons, earthquakes, wars, terrorist attacks and other similar events. Measures designed to manage risks
relating to these types of events cannot provide absolute security. The techniques used to obtain
unauthorized access to data, disable or degrade service, or sabotage systems change frequently and may be
difficult to detect for longer periods of time. If these systems are compromised, become inoperable for
extended periods of time or cease to function properly, a Fund and/or portfolio company may have to make
a significant investment to fix or replace them. The failure of these systems and/or of disaster recovery
plans for any reason could cause significant interruptions in Northwood’s, a Fund’s and/or a portfolio
company’s operations and result in a failure to maintain the security, confidentiality or privacy of sensitive
data, including personal information relating to investors (and the beneficial owners of investors). A
cybersecurity incident could have numerous material adverse effects, including on the operations, liquidity
and financial condition of a Fund. Cyber threats and/or incidents could cause financial costs from the theft
of Fund assets (including proprietary information and intellectual property) as well as numerous unforeseen
costs including, but not limited to litigation costs, preventative and protective costs, remediation costs and
costs associated with reputational damage, any one of which, could be materially adverse to a Fund. Such
a failure could harm Northwood’s, a Fund’s and/or a portfolio company’s reputation, subject any such entity
and its respective affiliates to legal claims and otherwise affect its business and financial performance. The
service providers of Northwood and the Funds are subject to the same electronic information security threats
as Northwood. If a service provider fails to adopt or adhere to adequate data security policies, or in the
event of a breach of its networks, information relating to the transactions of a Fund and personally
identifiable information of its limited partners may be lost or improperly accessed, used or disclosed.
14. Material, Non-Public or Price Sensitive Information By reason of their responsibilities in connection with their permitted other activities, Northwood and its
affiliates may acquire confidential or material non-public or price sensitive information and therefore be
restricted from initiating transactions in certain securities on behalf of a Fund and / or on behalf of other
funds or accounts. It should also be noted that if a portfolio company of a Fund (or a portfolio company of
any Other Fund (as defined below)) acquires confidential or material non-public or price sensitive
information and is therefore restricted from initiating transactions in certain securities, then such Fund also
may become restricted. Disclosure of such information to Northwood’s personnel responsible for the affairs
of a Fund may occur, and such Fund may not be free to act upon any such information. Due to these
restrictions, a Fund may not be able to initiate a transaction that it otherwise might have initiated and may
not be able to sell a portfolio investment that it otherwise might have sold. Conversely, a Fund may not
have access to material non-public information in the possession of Northwood which might be relevant to
an investment decision to be made by such Fund, and such Fund may initiate a transaction or sell a portfolio
investment which, if such information had been known to it, may not have been undertaken.
15. Potential Conflicts of Interest Investors and clients should be aware that there will be occasions when Northwood and its affiliates
encounter potential conflicts of interest in connection with its advisory business. On any issue involving
conflicts of interest, Northwood will be guided by its good faith judgment as to clients’ best interests. If
any matter arises that Northwood determines, in its good faith judgment, constitutes an actual conflict of
interest, it will take such actions as may be necessary or appropriate to mitigate the conflict in a manner
consistent with its fiduciary duty.
16. Capital Calls and Use of Subscription Lines The use of a subscription facility (or other long-term leverage) may present conflicts of interest as a result
of certain factors, including that typically interest will accrue on any such outstanding borrowings at a rate
lower than the rate of the preferred return, that the preferred return does not begin to accrue upon the
incurrence of such borrowings, and that, except for borrowings that remain outstanding for an extended
period of time (generally 90 days), the preferred return only begins to accrue on the date of capital
contribution by limited partners to a Fund (i.e., the due date for the drawdown notice). As a result, the use
of a subscription facility (or other long-term leverage) with respect to investments and ongoing capital
needs of the Funds may reduce or eliminate the preferred return received by the limited partners and
accelerate or increase distributions of carried interest to the applicable general partners, providing such
general partners with an economic incentive to fund investments and ongoing capital needs of the Funds
through subscription facilities (or other long-term borrowings) in lieu of capital contributions and to make
distributions prior to repayment of such outstanding borrowings. Subject to the limitations in the Funds’
limited partnership agreements, the use of a subscription facility (or other long-term leverage) by a Fund is
within the applicable general partner’s discretion.
17. Valuation Matters There is no established market for private investment partnership interests, and there may not be any
comparable companies for which public market valuations exist. Because there is significant uncertainty as
to the valuation of illiquid investments, the values of such investments may not necessarily reflect the values
that could actually be realized by the Funds, and the difference could be material. Under certain conditions
the Funds may be forced to sell investments at lower prices than they had expected to realize or defer –
potentially for a considerable period – sales that they had planned to make. In addition, under limited
circumstances, Northwood may not have access to all material information relevant to a valuation analysis
with respect to an investment. As a result, the valuation of the Funds’ investments, and as a result the
valuation of the interests themselves, may be based on imperfect information and is subject to inherent
uncertainties.
The fair value of all investments or of property received in exchange for any investments will be determined
by Northwood in accordance with the governing fund documents. The valuation of such investments will
be determined by Northwood in accordance with its formally adopted procedures and the governing fund
documents.
18. Effect of Carried Interest The existence of carried interest may create an incentive for Northwood to make investments that are riskier
and more speculative than would be the case in the absence of such performance-based compensation,
although the significant financial commitment to the Funds by Northwood and its affiliates should tend to
reduce this incentive.
19. Other Fees Except as set forth in
Item 5: Fees and Compensation, the limited partners will not receive the benefit of
certain fees received by Northwood and their affiliates from investments in connection with the purchase,
monitoring or disposition of such investments or in connection with unconsummated transactions (e.g.,
transaction, directors’, consulting, management, investment banking, closing, topping, break-up and other
similar fees). Investors should note that the Funds’ share of both fees paid to or received by Northwood or
its affiliates in connection with investments or unconsummated transactions and property management fees
is calculated after giving effect to the expenses of Northwood and such affiliates in connection with the
transactions out of which such fees arose. Such expenses include, among other things, incentive
compensation and profit participation paid to or received by employees of such affiliates in connection with
such transactions, which amounts may be material. For purposes of determining any management fee
offsets, any other fees that otherwise result in an offset will, before being allocated among the applicable
General Partners and the limited partners, first be allocated among the Funds, any vehicle through which
Northwood or its affiliates participate with respect to its co-investment rights, and any co-investment
vehicle invested in such investment (in each case regardless of whether any such fund or vehicle pays a
different or no management fee to Northwood).
20. Allocation of Expenses In the ordinary course of business, Northwood, the Funds and/or any co-investment vehicles or portfolio
companies receive products or services from third parties (including those related to consummated or
unconsummated investments and those related to sourcing of investments), the costs and expenses of which
are allocable (in whole or in part) between or among Northwood and/or such funds, vehicles and/or portfolio
companies.
Northwood generally will seek to allocate such expenses among those parties in the manner prescribed by
the applicable governing agreements for the Funds and such other vehicles and/or portfolio companies, and
in cases where costs and expenses are properly allocable between or among multiple parties, the allocation
would be done in a manner that Northwood considers to be fair and reasonable, taking into account factors
such as the actual or estimated relative benefits to each applicable party of the expense-generating item
(which may include consideration of the relative positions sizes in an expense-generating investment).
A conflict of interest could arise in Northwood’s determination whether certain costs or expenses that are
incurred in connection with the operation of the Funds meet the definition of partnership expenses for which
the Funds are responsible, or whether such expenses should be borne by Northwood. The Funds will be
reliant on the determinations of Northwood in this regard. From time to time, it is possible that subsequent
review of allocations could result in an identification of expenses that should have been allocated in a
different manner, in which case measures would be undertaken to correct such circumstance, which might
include a reversal of the original expense allocations, if possible, or such other equitable adjustment
believed by Northwood to be the most appropriate corrective measure. There can be no assurance that
allocation errors will not arise or that corrective measures will be possible in all circumstances.
21. Allocation of Investment Opportunities Northwood expects, from time to time, to be presented with other investment opportunities that fall within
the investment objective of the Main Fund, the Europe Fund and any other fund, vehicle or account
sponsored or managed by Northwood (an “Other Fund”), and, in such circumstances, Northwood will
allocate such opportunities among the Main Fund, the Europe Fund and such Other Fund on a basis that it
reasonably determines in good faith to be fair and reasonable taking into account all factors Northwood
deems relevant, including the sourcing of the transaction, the nature of the investment focus of each such
other investment fund, the relative amounts of capital available for investment, the nature and extent of
involvement in the transaction on the part of the respective teams of investment professionals, any
requirements contained in the governing documents of such other funds and other considerations deemed
relevant by Northwood in good faith.
Investors should note that Northwood may establish other funds with investment objectives, mandates and
policies that are substantially similar to those of the Main Fund. As the Main Fund has reached “full
investment” (as defined in the limited partnership agreement of the Main Fund), the limitations set forth in
the Main Fund’s limited partnership agreement in respect of competing funds no longer apply, and any
Other Fund will not be treated as a competing fund.
In April 2017, Northwood entered into a definitive agreement with an institutional investor for a core/core-
plus Separate Account mandate to advise on U.S. retail and office investments. The Separate Account
mandate is non-discretionary and will target investments with a significantly lower cost of capital and
longer hold periods than those of the Funds (thereby making them inappropriate for the Funds). Northwood
may allocate investment opportunities to the mandate based on the anticipated targeted returns or projected
hold periods based solely on Northwood’s expectations at the time such investments are made. However,
there can be no assurance that the actual returns from such investments will be in line with such targets or
that the investments will be held for the projected hold period, and such investments may as a result prove
to have been suitable for the Funds. Furthermore, although not expected, in the event that Northwood
identifies investment opportunities that fall within the common objectives and guidelines of the Funds and
the Separate Account mandate, such investment opportunities will generally be allocated among the Funds
and the Separate Account mandate in accordance with the foregoing paragraphs.
22. Allocation of Personnel Northwood and its affiliates will devote as much of their time to the activities of the Funds as shall be
reasonably necessary to conduct the business affairs of the Funds in an appropriate manner. In addition,
Northwood personnel routinely work on other projects, including Other Funds. Such personnel also may
serve as members of the boards of directors of various entities other than portfolio companies. These
activities could be viewed as creating a conflict of interest in that the time and effort of the members of
Northwood and its affiliates and their officers and employees will not be devoted exclusively to the business
of the Funds but will be allocated between the business of the Funds and the management of the Other
Funds.
23. Hedging Policies / Risks In connection with the acquisition, holding, financing, refinancing or disposition of certain Portfolio
Investments, the Funds may employ hedging techniques designed to reduce the risks of adverse movements
in interest rates, securities prices, and currency exchange rates. While such transactions may reduce certain
risks, such transactions themselves may entail certain other risks. Thus, while the Funds may benefit from
the use of these hedging mechanisms, unanticipated changes in interest rates, securities prices, or currency
exchange rates may result in a poorer overall performance for the Funds than if it had not entered into such
hedging transactions. The General Partner may not hedge against a particular risk because it does not regard
the probability of the risk occurring to be sufficiently high as to justify the cost of the hedge, or because it
does not foresee the occurrence of the risk. The successful utilization of hedging and risk management
transactions requires skills that are separate from the skills used in selecting and monitoring investments.
C. Material Risks of Investing in a Particular Type of Securities See Item 8.B, above.
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Since its inception, neither Northwood nor any supervised person has been involved in any legal or
disciplinary event that would be material to a client or investor’s evaluation of Northwood or its services.
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A. Broker-dealer Registration Neither Northwood nor any of its management persons is registered or has an application pending to register
as a broker-dealer or a registered representative of a broker-dealer.
B. Registration as a Futures Commission Merchant, Commodity Pool Operator or a Commodity Trading Advisor Neither Northwood nor any of its management persons is registered or has an application pending to register
as a futures commission merchant, commodity pool operator or a commodity trading advisor.
C. Material Relationships Northwood’s material relationships with the following types of related persons are described below:
1. Broker-dealer, municipal securities dealer or government securities dealer or broker. None.
2. Investment companies or pooled investment vehicles None.
3. Other investment advisor or financial planner Northwood Liquid Management LP Northwood is affiliated with Northwood Liquid Management LP (“NLM”) an investment
adviser registered with the SEC.
NLM manages a private fund that invests in the public securities of real estate related
companies. NLM invests across the capital structure of REITs, real estate operating
companies, and other securities where the vast majority of the value derives from the
underlying real estate.
As Northwood’s typical investments are generally disparate from those of NLM, there are
limited circumstances where a current or prospective Northwood investment may restrict
NLM’s ability to pursue the same or related investment opportunity. Typically, such
restrictions are the result of trading prohibitions put in place as the result of a non-disclosure
agreement to which Northwood and its affiliates are parties. Generally, however, this
conflict is more restrictive for clients of NLM than it is for clients of Northwood.
4. Futures commission merchant, commodity pool operator, or commodity trading advisor 5. Banking or thrift institution 6. Accounting or accounting firm 7. Lawyer or law firm 8. Insurance company or agency None.
9. Pension consultant None.
10. Real estate broker or dealer None.
11. Sponsor or syndicator of limited partnership Northwood organizes and sponsors the Funds, which are private investment companies.
These pooled investment vehicles managed by Northwood are controlled by affiliated
General Partner entities (“GP Entities”). Northwood or the GP Entities will be responsible
for all decisions regarding portfolio transactions of the Funds and have full discretion over
the management of the Funds’ investment activities. Northwood and the GP Entities
generally share common owners, officers, partners, employees, or persons occupying
similar positions.
D. Other Investment Advisors Northwood does not recommend or select other investment advisors for its clients.
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Trading A. Code of Ethics Northwood has adopted a written Code of Ethics (the “Code”) designed to identify and mitigate potential
conflicts of interest, as required under Rule 204A-1 of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940.
This rule requires Northwood to adopt a code of ethics that sets forth a standard of business conduct
reflecting the fiduciary obligations of Northwood and its supervised persons.
Northwood’s Code requires, among other things, that employees:
• Act with integrity, competence, diligence, respect, and in an ethical manner with the public,
investors, employers, employees, colleagues in the investment profession, and other participants
in the global capital markets;
• Place the integrity of the investment profession and the interests of clients above their own
personal interests;
• Adhere to the fundamental standard that employees should not take inappropriate advantage of
their position;
• To the extent practicable, avoid or disclose any conflicts of interest that are material to investors
and clients;
• Conduct all personal securities transactions in a manner consistent with the Code;
• Use reasonable care and exercise independent professional judgment when conducting investment
analysis, making investment recommendations, taking investment actions, and engaging in other
professional activities;
• Practice and encourage others to practice in a professional and ethical manner that will reflect
favorably on employees and the profession; and
• Abide by the requirements contained in the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended, and
rules thereunder, as well as applicable provisions of the securities laws.
Northwood’s Code prohibits employees from trading in certain securities and also requires employees to:
(1) pre-clear certain personal securities transactions; (2) report personal securities transactions on at least a
quarterly basis; and (3) provide Northwood with a detailed summary of certain holdings (both initially upon
commencement of employment and annually thereafter) over which such employees have a direct or
indirect beneficial interest.
B. Securities in Which Northwood or a Related Person has a Material Financial Interest Due to its relationship with the Funds’ General Partners and underlying financial interests, Northwood
effectively recommends to clients, or buy or sell for client accounts, securities in which it has a material
financial interest.
C. Investments by Northwood and Related Persons in the Same Securities Recommended to Clients Northwood and its affiliated General Partners have material investments in the Funds. Therefore,
Northwood is considered to participate in transactions effected for the Funds. Northwood does not believe
this arrangement presents any material conflict of interest since Northwood’s interests and its employees’
interests are aligned with the those of Fund investors.
D. Simultaneous Purchases and Sales of Securities by Clients and Northwood or a Related Person. See Item 11.C. above.
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A. Selecting or Recommending Broker-Dealers for Client Transactions Northwood primarily invests in privately negotiated real estate transactions, with the brokerage terms of
such transactions largely influenced by the counterparty and the availability of brokers capable of
successfully executing such transactions. Northwood seeks to execute transactions in the best interest of
the participating Funds, considering various factors such as the size, competence, and availability of brokers
in addition to cost.
Client accounts do not typically engage in securities trading. To the extent Northwood selects a broker
or dealer with respect to securities transactions, each executing broker or dealer will be selected on the
basis of best execution of transactions.
1. Research and Other Soft Dollar Benefits Northwood does not utilize research or other soft dollar arrangements.
2. Brokerage for Client Referrals Northwood does not currently receive referrals of prospective investors from brokers or
other third parties.
3. Directed Brokerage Northwood does not direct brokerage in exchange for referrals from broker-dealers.
B. Aggregating Purchase and Sale of Securities for Various Client Accounts. There are limited circumstances under which Northwood would engage in transactions for publicly traded
securities on a public exchange. In such instances, orders for the same security entered on behalf of more
than one client would generally be aggregated (i.e., blocked or bunched) subject to the best interests of any
participating clients. Each client participating in aggregated order would receive the average price and pay
a pro-rata portion of commissions and any other expenses associated with the transaction.
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A. Periodic Review of Accounts Northwood’s investment professionals source, manage, and dispose of the Fund’s real estate
investments. Northwood’s Investment Committee generally meets weekly to review and approve potential
investment opportunities, as well as disposition strategies for existing investments. The Property
Management Affiliates are responsible for overseeing the day-to-day operations and management of
investments with respect to which they have been engaged and are in regular contact with Northwood
investment professionals and members of the Investment Committee regarding the business plans for the
investments.
B. Review Triggers Northwood investment professionals and the Property Management Affiliates review investments on a
continuous basis.
C. Reports to Clients The Funds The investors in each Fund receive unaudited financial statements quarterly, audited financial statements
annually, and such other information as is necessary for the preparation of tax returns.
The Funds hold a combined annual meeting of investors to review the status of the Funds and their
investments.
Northwood also distributes special information to investors upon request. The content and format of these
special requests varies based on the request. Certain investors have the right to obtain, or may request,
information relating to a Fund and, to the extent such information is readily available or may be obtained
without unreasonable effort or expense, Northwood generally will provide such investors with the requested
information. Northwood accommodates such requests as long as it does not provide the requesting investor
with an actionable information advantage over other limited partners.
Separate Account Northwood and the owners of the Separate Account have agreed to the form and frequency with which
reporting is provided. This is agreed to in a written advisory agreement and/or supplementary documents
drafted at the outset of the advisory relationship.
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A. Economic Benefits for Providing Investment Advice or Other Advisory Services 1. Discounted Rates Under certain circumstances, Northwood, its Employees, and affiliates may receive discounts on the use of
assets owned by the Funds. For example, a Northwood Employee may be able to stay at a Fund-owned
hotel property at a discounted rate. Discounted rates are similar to those that would be available to
employees of the property. Further, discounts are only offered opportunistically, based on room availability
after meeting the demand of full fee-paying guests.
2. Occupancy of Fund-Owned Assets There are instances where Northwood, or a Northwood affiliate, may occupy office space within a Fund-
owned office building. While this arrangement could be viewed as a conflict, Northwood does not believe
it is as any space occupied by Northwood or an affiliate is paid for by Northwood, not the Funds, and is
billed at a rate consistent with those charged to unaffiliated occupants.
B. Compensation for Client Referrals Northwood occasionally compensates third parties for the referral of Clients and uses one or more
placement agents for introductions to new Fund investors. Fees paid to placement agents, to the extent
borne by limited partners in a Fund, are applied as a 100% offset to the management fees payable by such
Fund to Northwood.
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As Northwood sponsors the Funds and its affiliates serve as the General Partners to the Funds, Northwood
is deemed to have custody of client assets.
Northwood’s investments are primarily physical assets in the form of buildings or land. The ownership of
such assets is typically perfected through legal documents filed with government agencies in the relevant
jurisdictions where the structures are located. Such legal documents are not required to be held by a
qualified custodian. Northwood is deemed to have custody of cash and securities, both of which are held
by an independent, qualified custodian.
To comply with the reporting requirements of Rule 206(4)-2 and to provide meaningful protection to
investors, each Fund is subject to an annual audit by an independent, PCAOB-registered public accountant.
Northwood distributes GAAP-compliant audited financial statements to its investors within 90 days of the
end of its fiscal year. To date, Northwood has never had a qualified opinion to its audits or had a restatement
of its financial statements.
Northwood also has custody over the Separate Account and the entities associated with that relationship
are subject to an annual audit by an independent, PCAOB-registered public accountant.
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Northwood provides investment advice to the Funds on a discretionary basis. An affiliate of Northwood,
usually the General Partner, accepts discretionary investment authority for each Fund. Generally, this
discretion is subject only to the investment guidelines set forth in the governing fund documents.
Northwood provides investment advice to the Separate Account on a non-discretionary basis.
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To the extent clients hold any voting securities, Northwood has the sole authority to direct the voting of
such securities. In every instance, Northwood would vote such interests in the best economic interests of
the client beneficially owning the voteable securities. When voting securities, Northwood considers
relevant facts, which include, among many others, the impact on the value of the securities, the anticipated
economic and non-economic costs and benefits associated with a proposal, the effect on liquidity, and
customary industry and business practices. Northwood may decline to vote proxies if it determines that the
cost of voting the proxy exceeds the expected benefit to clients. Clients and investors will be provided a
copy of Northwood’s proxy voting policies and procedures upon request.
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Northwood does not require or solicit prepayment of fees six months or more in advance and is not subject
to any financial condition that is reasonably likely to impair its ability to meet contractual commitments to
provide on-going advisory services to clients.
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