SQN Capital Management, LLC (“SQN”), a Delaware limited liability company, was formed in
December 2007 to act as the manager of Regulation D and public direct participation programs.
SQN currently is the general partner and/or managing member of four investment funds: SQN
Special Opportunity Fund, LLC (“SOF”); SQN Portfolio Acquisition Company, LLC (“PAC”);
SQN Alternative Investment Fund III L.P. (“Fund III”); and SQN AIF IV, L.P. (“Fund IV”). PAC
and SOF are each private placements which were offered under Regulation D of the Securities
Act of 1933. Fund III and Fund IV are publicly registered direct participation programs.
SQN is the investment manager of two publicly-traded investment funds listed on the Main
Market of the London Stock Exchange. The SQN Asset Finance Income Fund Limited which
trades under the ticker symbol: SQN and SQNX. And the SQN Secured Income Fund plc which
trades under the ticker symbol: SSIF.
SQN is the Relying Advisor to SQN Capital Management (International), LLC, the investment
advisor to an offshore investment manager and family of funds on behalf of private clients.
QINVEST SQN Income Fund (“QI1”), QINVEST SQN Income Fund II (“QI2”), and QINVEST
SQN Income Fund III (“QI3”) are companies incorporated under the laws of the Cayman Islands.
(SQN Asset Finance Income Fund Limited, SQN Secured Income Fund plc, Fund III, Fund IV,
PAC, SOF, QI1, QI2, and QI3 each, a “Fund” and collectively, the “Funds”).
SQN provides investment advisory services and management services to the Funds as well as to
institutional separate accounts. Such services may include the selection, acquisition, management,
and disposition of assets. With regard to QI1, QI2, and QI3, SQN’s role is limited to
recommendations, review, and advice to the offshore unaffiliated Investment Manager.
SQN’s primary focus is on equipment leasing and asset finance investment opportunities and
other alternative investments that are asset-intensive or collateral-based that generate regular
income.
Each Fund has its own investment committee and its own investment objectives set forth in each
Fund’s offering materials. Each Fund is managed by SQN in accordance with the Fund’s
investment objectives without consideration of the individual investment objectives of any
particular investor admitted to the particular Fund. Any individual purchasing securities in a Fund
managed by SQN should consult with an investment professional to determine suitability.
SQN provides its investment management services to institutional and insurance company clients.
SQN only manages the assets which are the subject of its management agreement and does not
consider the client's other assets and other obligations (subject to “Additional Services” described
below). SQN receives authority to supervise and direct the investment of the assets on a
discretionary or non-discretionary basis in accordance with the clients’ written objectives and
limitations as outlined in each individual client’s Investment Management Agreement. Clients
may impose restrictions or limitations on investing in specific securities, specific types of
securities, or specific strategies.
Equipment Lease and Asset-based Strategies: SQN’s equipment lease and asset-based investment strategy involves making direct investments
in assets and equipment subject to lease or other financing arrangement and making investments
in equity, debt, or debt-like instruments that are secured by equipment and/or assets, including
revenue streams. The SQN strategy generally focuses on equipment and assets with the following
characteristics; although not all investments meet all of the below criteria, as each investment is
individually underwritten and takes additional factors into consideration:
• Assets and/or equipment that are considered business-essential
• Revenue-producing or cost-saving equipment and/or assets
• Assets and/or equipment with substantial economic life relative to the investment term
• Assets and/or equipment with associated revenue streams
• Assets and/or equipment with high in-place value
• Asset-intensive project financings
• Wholesale lending arrangements for secured portfolios
• Debt instruments backed by portfolios of financial assets including, but not limited to,
equipment leases and secured loans
Consulting Services
SQN also provides advice for a consulting fee to insurance companies and other institutional
clients both affiliated and non-affiliated, including, without limitation, advice on matters such as
overall asset allocation and/or portfolio optimization.
SQN also provides flat-fee consulting services (“Flat Fee-based Consulting”) to clients including,
without limitation, providing advice on matters related to financing arrangements, financial
modeling, and documentation.
SQN provides a copy of ADV Part 2 to every client and a copy will be provided to any
prospective client upon request. SQN charges fees for its services and all fees are negotiable. Several
factors contribute to the amount of the fee charged such as the size of the account and the type of assets
managed.
As of the date of this brochure, SQN managed assets with discretionary authority in the amount of
approximately $1,042,454,044 and with non-discretionary authority in an amount of approximately
$83,700,000.
SQN is majority-owned by SQN Capital Partners, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company
.
Jeremiah Silkowski is the controlling shareholder of SQN Capital Partners, LLC. Jeremiah
Silkowski and Neil Roberts are the only two individuals with more than a 25% interest in SQN.
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All fees are subject to negotiation. Among other things, certain factors we consider are the size of the
account, the type of assets managed and the nature of the services provided. Fees and
compensation may be comprised of investment advisory fees, management fees, and performance
fees. The manner in which fees are charged by SQN are set forth in each of the Fund’s or separate
accounts respective Investment Management Agreement. SQN’s fees are payable in advance for
fund management for US-based funds and in arrears for non-US funds and institutional separate
accounts, each generally on a monthly basis. Performance and/or incentive fee payment schedules
vary in accordance with the respective Investment Management Agreements.
For Fund Management, SQN charges a fee for investment advice and portfolio management.
Generally, fees on an annual basis range from 0.625% to 3.00% per year depending on various
factors.
Management fees compensate for management activities, including:
• acquiring portfolios;
• originating and servicing leases and other assets;
• collecting receivables;
• monitoring compliance with the terms of the investments;
• arranging for necessary maintenance and repair of assets;
• monitoring tax compliance;
• remarketing assets;
• preparing financial data from operations; and
• regulatory reporting and filing.
For Separate Institutional Accounts, all investment management fees charged by SQN are
negotiated and specified in a client’s Investment Management Agreement. These fees are
generally charged directly to the client on a monthly basis. Fees are payable quarterly or monthly
in arrears upon receipt of an invoice based on the average principal amount of the assets through
the billing cycle. Management fees are prorated for each capital contribution and withdrawal
made during the applicable billing period (with the exception of contributions and withdrawals
made in the ordinary course of business, such as fees and expenses). Accounts initiated or
terminated during a billing period will be charged a prorated fee.
The fees charged for separately managed accounts are subject to negotiation and are based on the
average principal amount of the assets and on the size of the account and strategy selected.
Fixed Income Services and Fees:
Annual fees are based on fee schedules, the components of, which are generally within the range
of 25 basis points to 100 basis points for institutional clients. SQN may seek a minimum dollar
fee or a minimum mandate size.
Incentive-Based Fees: For certain types of clients and mandates, fees may be calculated based on the income and capital
appreciation of the account. Such an incentive-based fee will not be calculated on less than a
quarterly basis. Fees are generally a negotiated combination of fixed-income services fees and
incentive fees and are billed periodically in arrears. Accounts of this type are accepted only if all
conditions of Rule 205-3 of the Investment Advisors Act of 1940 are met. Incentive-based fees
will only be offered to clients who have a least $1,000,000 of assets under management or who
have a minimum net worth of $2,000,000.
Consulting Services Fees: Custom strategic plans and similar work product are produced on a negotiated contracted fee basis
and are typically quoted on a flat-fee per project basis. Fees for these projects are negotiated on an
individual basis and payable either in installments or upon completion of the project.
Unrelated to the fees paid to SQN with respect to the investment advisory services to clients that
are funds, the Funds may pay other fees to SQN or other third parties for services rendered in
connection with each Fund’s respective offering and operation, without limitation, attorney’s fees,
organizational and offering expenses allowances, lease and/or asset finance structuring fees,
distribution expenses, reimbursement of operating and acquisition expenses, servicing fees, asset
management fees, remarketing fees, appraisal fees, disposition fees, accounting and auditing fees,
recording fees and registration fees. A more detailed description of such fees may be found in
each Fund’s respective private offering memorandum or prospectus.
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Performance Fees are based on actual cash based returns as calculated in accordance with each
investment management agreement.
SQN may receive a promotional interest for managing a Fund, generally equal to 1% of all cash
distributions made by the Fund.
For institutional separate accounts, SQN accepts performance-based fees from clients. Such
performance-based fees are calculated based on a share of income, capital gains or capital
appreciation of the assets of the client in accordance with the Investment Management
Agreement.
Clients should be aware that performance-based fee arrangements may create an incentive to
recommend investments which may be riskier or more speculative than those which would be
recommended under a different fee arrangement.
Furthermore, as SQN also has clients who do not pay performance-based fees, we may have an
incentive to favor accounts that do pay such fees because the compensation we receive from these
clients is more directly tied to the performance of their accounts.
SQN addresses such conflicts by ensuring that all clients receive fair and equitable transactions in
accordance with their respective objectives.
For certain clients that are exempt from the compensation prohibition of section 205(a)(1) of the
Investment Advisers Act of 1940, SQN may charge a performance fee. SQN may receive a fee
based on the total return achieved by fund participants. Once a Fund’s return threshold to the fund
participants is achieved, SQN’s share of cash distributions may increase. This means that after a
Fund participant has received total distributions equal to that Fund participant’s capital contribution
plus an annual return specified in the Fund’s offering document, the percentage of future
distributions paid by the Fund to SQN may increase.
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SQN provides investment advisory and management services to alternative investment funds as
well as to separate managed accounts for institutions.
Although SQN reserves the right to waive a minimum investment amount based on certain
criteria, for fund management, SQN requires a minimum initial investment of $1,000,000 for fund
management services.
For separate account management, SQN also provides fixed income investment services for
institutional third party clients. Our client base includes various insurance companies, either
directly or as a sub-advisor to other investment advisors. Regardless of client type, SQN may seek
a minimum dollar fee or a minimum mandate size.
SQN’s Flat Fee-based Consulting clients tend to be smaller entities with between $2.5-25 million
in total assets.
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Methods of Analysis
For Equipment Leasing and Asset Based Strategies:
Originating an investment involves, among other things: identifying a lessee or other end-user;
inspecting the equipment or other asset; undertaking a business, credit, and industry review;
projecting the residual value of the equipment or other asset; pricing the investment; and
documenting the transaction. We must have sufficient financial information on the lessee, end-
user, guarantor or any other participant or counterparty to enable us to make an informed decision
regarding their ability to perform their contractual obligations. We typically analyze the following
information:
• audited financial statements for the last two years, if available;
• unaudited financial statements for the latest completed quarter;
• budget or forecast for the latest fiscal year;
• confirmation that current customers are current with their payments or proposals
clearly demonstrating how arrearages will be made current;
• details of current levels of exposure within existing transactions aggregated with the
new proposal; and
• details of existing credit facilities, the remaining availability and any financial
covenants affecting the counterparty, lessee, end-user, guarantor, or other parties.
Additional information may be analyzed, when relevant, to assist in our assessment of the
potential creditworthiness of a lessee or other counterparty including:
• its organizational structure;
• its management structure and an overview of the experience of the key members of
the management team;
• its current business plan;
• its marketing plan and any intelligence on its market share, market penetration and
major competitors;
• an analysis of its strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats;
• an overview of its customer base; and
• details of any recent press or internet coverage.
Investment Strategies The goal is to build a portfolio of investments comprised of a mix of single investor, leveraged
leases, and other asset based financings to provide steady cash flow that can support a regular
cash dividend, allow for portfolio compounding, and also generate attractive total returns.
The following strategies are employed to achieve the goal:
• Invest in business-essential, revenue-producing assets which, historically, have had high
in-place value and relatively long economic life;
• Target assets with multiple and varied industry applications and with active secondary
markets;
• Take ownership of the underlying asset(s) providing collateralization and, in some cases,
corresponding tax benefits;
• Focus on asset and well as credit underwriting ; and
• Structure transactions with multiple levels of security and exit strategies.
Many of our recommended investments will be structured as full payout or operating equipment
leases. In addition, we may advise investing by way of participation agreements and residual
sharing agreements where clients would acquire an interest in a pool of equipment or other assets,
or rights to that equipment or other assets, at a future date. We also may recommend investments
as project financings that are secured by, among other things, essential use equipment and/or
assets. Finally, we may suggest investment structures that we believe will provide you the
appropriate level of security, collateralization, and flexibility to optimize your return on
investment while protecting against downside risk. In most cases, the structure will include you
holding title to or a priority position in the equipment or other asset.
We focus on investments in business-essential, revenue-producing equipment and other assets
with high in-place value and long economic life (relative to the investment term). We target
investments (i) originated and warehoused by certain affiliates; (ii) originated directly by us; or
(iii) originated from brokers or other leasing/investment companies or banks.
We concentrate on transaction sizes below $25.0 million with a maximum equity investment
dependent on the size of the offering and the program’s investment objectives. By doing so, we
operate in areas with limited competition so that we may be selective in our investments. We
focus on investments in specific industries and asset types where our members and officers have
extensive expertise and have a deep and well developed sales and remarketing network. We focus
on identifying equipment and other assets that are considered essential use or core to a business or
operation in the agricultural, energy, environmental, medical, manufacturing, technology, and
transportation industries. We also may identify other assets or industries that meet our investment
objectives.
We invest globally with a focus on the United States and Western Europe.
Risk Management Credit Risk: The failure of a lessee to make lease payments or risk that the issuer of a security will
fail to pay interest or principal in a timely manner, or that negative perceptions of the issuer’s
ability to make such payments will cause the value of the investment to decline. Counterparties
with debt securities rated below investment-grade (or unrated) are especially susceptible to this
risk. SQN looks to source investments that can provide various credit and structural
enhancements to attempt to mitigate credit exposure to any single company or asset class.
Sector Risk: The value of investments focused in a particular industry or market sector will be
highly sensitive to financial, economic, political and other developments affecting that industry or
market sector, and conditions that negatively impact that industry or market sector will have a
greater impact as compared to an account that does not have its holdings similarly concentrated.
Interest Rate Risk: The value of fixed income securities usually rise and fall in response to
changes in interest rates. Declining interest rates generally increase the value of existing
instruments, and rising interest rates generally decrease the value of existing instruments. Changes
in value usually will not affect the amount of interest income, but will affect the value of the
investment. Interest rate risk is generally greater for investments with longer maturities.
Certain fixed income securities pay interest at variable or floating rates. Variable rate securities
reset at specified intervals, while floating rate securities reset whenever there is a change in a
specified index rate. The market prices of these securities may fluctuate significantly when
interest rates change.
Structured Risk: These types of securities share many of the same risks. The impairment of the
value of collateral or other assets underlying an asset-backed security, such as that resulting from
non-payment of loans, may result in a reduction in the value of such security and losses. Early
payoffs in the loans underlying such securities may result in receiving less income than originally
anticipated. SQN’s strategies involve investing in securities with structural risk related to
underlying collateral, amortization, diversion triggers and prioritization of losses and related cash
flows.
Foreign Investing Risk: Investment in asset and equipment outside of the United States and
investing in instruments of non-U.S. companies involves special risks and considerations not
typically associated with investing within the United States. Laws in other countries may not
provide the same rights and remedies for asset and equipment financiers and it may be difficult to
recover collateral in a foreign market in the event of a default. The values of non-U.S. securities
may be more volatile than those of U.S. securities. The values of non-U.S. securities are subject to
economic and political developments in countries and regions, or where the securities are traded.
Values may also be affected by restrictions on receiving the investment proceeds from a non-U.S.
country.
Emerging Market Risk: The risks of foreign investments are generally greater in countries whose
markets are still developing than they are in more developed markets. Emerging market countries
typically have economic and political systems that are less fully developed, and can be expected
to be less stable than those of more developed countries. Investments in emerging markets may be
considered speculative.
SQN will make investments in non-USD investments and where the assets are located outside the
US, if in accordance with a client’s investment guidelines. SQN typically focuses on investments
in the UK, Western Europe, Australia, and other developed economies, and expects to have
limited investment activity in emerging markets. SQN may periodically buy or sell forwards,
futures, options or other instruments to hedge non-USD exposure, as long as consistent with the
client investment guidelines.
Derivatives SQN may periodically buy or sell forwards, futures, options or other derivative instruments as
long as they are consistent with the client investment guidelines.
Risk of Loss
All investments involve a degree of risk including, without limitation, loss of investment and
illiquidity that clients should be prepared to bear. Clients should consider the following risk
factors before entering into an Investment Management Agreement and authorizing discretionary
authority.
Default, Ownership: Leases are generally structured as triple net “hell or high water” leases,
under which the end user is responsible for all costs associated with using and maintaining the
asset including, without limitation, payment of all taxes levied on the assets, insurance and
necessary repairs. However, in the event of default, the investor becomes the title owner of the
asset and therefore is responsible for the payment of all costs incident to ownership.
Illiquidity, Investing in Business-Essential Assets Subject to Lease: Investing in business-
essential assets subject to lease usually requires holding the investments for the lease term. Even
after this lease has ended, there can be no assurance that the investment can be liquidated in a
timely fashion. Supply and demand may impact the ability to sell the assets in the open market as
well as the amount of sale proceeds that may be received.
Conflicts of Interest: Since we manage multiple funds, there are conflicts associated with
allocating investment opportunities.
Lack of Diversification: Although the maximum investment in one asset is limited to a certain
percentage of Fund size, there is no limit on investment by industry or sector. Uncertainties
associated with the equipment leasing and financing industries may have an adverse effect on
your investment.
Leverage: Fluctuations in prevailing interest rates will affect your investment because the cost of
capital as reflected in interest rates is a significant factor in determining the market rate for leases.
Higher interest rates will reduce the yield on leveraged transactions and limit the number of
potential transactions due to a corresponding reduction in the value of fixed rate leases and
secured financing.
Residual Value: We cannot assure you that our value assumptions will be accurate or that the
equipment or other assets will not lose value more rapidly than anticipated. Residual values
depend on numerous factor that are beyond our control, including: the desire of the lessee or end-
user to keep to the equipment; cost of comparable equipment; condition of the equipment;
development of new technologies making the equipment obsolete; and secondary market supply
and demand.
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There are no pending criminal or regulatory proceedings and no civil claims with merit against
SQN or its management. Registered Investment Advisers are required to disclose all material facts
regarding any legal or disciplinary events that would be material to your evaluation of SQN or
impact the integrity of its management.
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Except as disclosed below, SQN does not have any other financial industry activities or
affiliations.
SQN’s only clients are the Funds which include pooled investment vehicles such as private
placements and direct participation programs as well as institutional accounts or insurance
companies.
SQN may recommend broker dealers or investment advisors to its clients where SQN receives
compensation directly or indirectly.
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Trading A copy of SQN’s Code of Ethics will be provided to any client upon request.
SQN’s Code of Ethics sets forth standards of conduct expected from advisory personnel, addresses
conflicts that arise from personal trading by advisory personnel and requires compliance with
Federal securities laws. The Code of Ethics addresses conflicts of interest, personal trading, gifts
and the prohibition of using non-public material information for personal gain.
Advisory personnel are required to report all personal securities transactions and receive approval
prior to purchasing a security on SQN’s restricted list.
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In the absence of specific written instructions in a client’s investment management agreement,
SQN has discretion in selecting brokers for client transactions though SQN’s current business
does not include the use of brokers with the exception of market marker for the publicly traded
vehicles. When applicable, SQN seeks best execution at the best price available for each trade.
SQN also takes into consideration several factors, such as:
• the broker’s ability to execute the trade;
• the size of the trade;
• characteristics of the security;
• the quality and reliability of brokerage services; and
• the overall direct net economic results to the account.
SQN may also consider the availability of the broker to stand ready to execute transactions in the
future, and the financial strength and stability of the broker. SQN currently does not participate in
soft dollar arrangements. SQN does not receive client referrals from any broker.
When applicable, SQN aggregates orders, when possible in accordance with client guidelines, for
the purchase or sale of the same security for all participating accounts. When an order is filled in
its entirety, each participating account receives their full allocation at the agreed upon trade
execution price. When an order is partially filled, each participating account receives a pro rata
allocation, at the agreed upon trade execution price, subject to certain exceptions including de
minimis orders. Transaction costs are shared on a pro rata basis for all participating accounts. To
date, SQN has not engaged in any activity related covered by these provisions.
SEC Rule 206(3)-2 of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 allows an investment adviser, under
certain circumstances, to engage in inter-account transactions. If one client of an investment
adviser is looking to sell a security in its portfolio and another client of the same investment
adviser is looking to purchase that security, this rule permits the investment adviser to do a cross
trade between the two accounts. The buy/sale must be at fair market value and with no
commissions. SQN will only engage in these cross trades when advantageous to both clients and
with prior approval from the Chief Compliance Officer. Cross transactions will not be conducted
through an affiliated broker-dealer.
SQN may accept direction from clients regarding which brokers to use. Currently, all client
directed brokerage is subject to most favorable execution and best execution.
SQN may direct the purchase of securities on behalf of clients, in secondary market transactions,
in public offerings directly from an underwriter, or in privately negotiated transactions with an
issuer. Securities purchased in public offerings may be resold shortly after acquisition in the
immediate aftermarket to take advantage of price appreciation from the public offering price or
for other reasons. Short-term trading of securities acquired in public offerings, or otherwise, may
result in higher portfolio turnover.
If consistent with a client’s investment objectives, investment restrictions, and risk tolerance,
SQN may purchase securities sold in underwritten new issues, (“deal securities”) for client
accounts. Deal securities are allocated among participating accounts in a fair and equitable
manner so as not to unfairly discriminate in favor of certain clients or types of accounts. When a
portfolio manager receives a reduced allocation of deal securities, the portfolio manager will
allocate the reduced allocation among accounts in accordance with the allocation percentages set
forth in the initial allocation instructions for the deal securities, except where this would result in
de minimis allocation to any client account.
SQN may give advice, or take action, with respect to any one client account which may differ
from the advice given, or action taken, with respect to another client account. However, SQN, to
the extent practical and over a period of time, allocates investment opportunities to each account
on a fair and equitable basis relative to other similarly-situated client accounts based on client
guidelines and cash availability.
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Clients' accounts are reviewed quarterly. Accounts are reviewed more frequently than quarterly if
there is any unusual activity or deemed necessary at SQN’s discretion. Clients shall receive a
quarterly statement and a quarterly portfolio evaluation.
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SQN shall comply with Rule 206(4)-2 of The Investment Adviser’s Act of 1940 with regard to the
custody of client’s assets. SQN does not custody securities for any of its clients. A client should
enlist a qualified custodian if they require custodial services.
SQN may have authority to obtain possession of a client’s funds deposited at the client’s banking
institution. SEC rules exempt SQN from certain requirements under Rule 206(4)-2 because the
Funds are audited annually, and SQN distributes audited financial statements that are prepared in
accordance with GAAP to all limited partners and members of the Funds within 120 days of the
end of each Fund’s fiscal year.
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SQN manages accounts on a discretionary basis. Other than the parameters set forth in each of the
Fund’s or separate account respective Investment Management Agreements, there are no limitations
on SQN’s investment discretion. This means that each Fund has authorized SQN in advance to
purchase and sell assets in accordance with the Fund’s or separate accounts investment objectives.
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SQN does not purchase any publicly traded securities for its clients and therefore voting rights
associated with publicly traded securities are not applicable.
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SQN has no financial commitments that impair its ability to meet contractual and fiduciary
commitments to clients, and SQN has not sought bankruptcy protection.
Item 19 – Requirements for State-Registered Advisers SQN is a federal registered adviser.
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Open Brochure from SEC website