SSGA Limited (SSGAL) is a UK domiciled
company registered with the SEC as an
investment adviser under the Investment
Advisers Act of 1940 and a wholly-owned
subsidiary of State Street Corporation (“State
Street”), a publicly traded financial holding
company. SSGA Limited was established in
1990. It is authorized by the Financial
Conduct Authority to do business in the
United Kingdom.
SSGAL offers a variety of asset management
solutions including equity, fixed income, cash
management, and asset allocation
investment strategies. SSGAL has a global
investment platform that provides access to
all major asset classes, capitalization range
and style as driven by client demands. SSGAL
works with its clients to provide customized
solutions to their investment management
needs, including customized indices, model
portfolios and screened portfolios.
SSGAL also provides asset allocation models
and related investment advice to investment
advisers and other financial institutions.
SSGAL offers a range of asset management
solutions including1
- Active, enhanced and passive
equity
- Active and passive fixed income
- Cash management
- Multi asset class solutions
1 For a more detailed description of the strategies listed below,
please refer to Item 8 of this Form ADV Part 2A.
SSGAL does not participate in wrap fee
programs providing portfolio management
services.
As of December 31, 2018, SSGAL had
$343,003,619,462 under management on a
discretionary basis in 2,013 accounts. Over
95% of the assets under management of
SSGAL are managed on behalf of non-US
clients.
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SSGAL does not maintain a standardized fee
schedule, and therefore SSGAL’s advisory or
sub-advisory fees are negotiated with each
client, and may vary depending upon the size
and type of the mandate and the strategy
selected.
Fees are typically expressed as an annual
percentage of a client’s average daily net
assets managed by SSGAL, calculated daily
and paid monthly or quarterly, deducted
directly from clients’ assets. In certain
situations, SSGAL may agree to waive or
reimburse a portion of its advisory fee.
Please see
Item – 6 – Performance Fees and
Side-by-Side Management for an additional
discussion regarding fees.
For the direct separately managed and sub-
advised accounts, clients are billed for the
fees.
Custodial, Sub-Administrative or Securities Lending Agency Fees
: Clients of SSGAL are
responsible for certain other fees and
expenses, including custodial, administrative
or securities lending agency fees. These fees
may be paid to affiliates of SSGAL, e.g., State
Street Bank & Trust Company. To the extent
client assets are invested in mutual funds,
clients will bear their pro-rata share of such
mutual fund expenses.
SSGAL’s clients will also incur brokerage and
other transaction costs. Please refer to
Item
12 – Brokerage Practices for more
information about brokerage.
SSGAL clients are not required to pay fees in
advance. SSGAL does not have supervised
persons that accept compensation for the
sale of securities or other investment
products, including asset-based sales charges
or service fees from the sale of mutual
funds.
Please refer to
Item 14 – Client Referrals and
Other Compensation for more information.
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Side-By-Side Management
SSGAL charges an asset based-fee for its
investment management services. SSGAL
typically does not enter into performance
based fee arrangements; however, SSGAL
may accept such an arrangement under the
appropriate circumstances.
Potential conflicts of interest exist when
portfolio managers manage accounts with
similar investment objectives and strategies.
The portfolio managers managing the assets
of a client generally manage other accounts
in addition to the client’s account, including
commingled funds, and separate accounts.
Conflicts of interest may potentially arise in
SSGAL’s side by side management of
multiple accounts. SSGAL seeks to treat all
client accounts fairly and equitably.
Examples of circumstances that may give rise
to such potential conflicts of interest or the
appearance of conflicts of interest include,
but are not limited to:
- Managing a portfolio that pays a
performance fee alongside a portfolio
that does not pay a performance fee;
- Managing a registered mutual fund
alongside a bank-maintained fund
(e.g., a common trust fund or
collective investment trust);
- Managing a separate account
alongside a commingled fund;
- The use of “conflicting trades,” i.e.,
selling short for one client portfolio a
security held long for another client
portfolio; and
- The execution of transactions shortly
before or after related transactions in
a different account.
As discussed above, a potential conflict may
arise when the portfolio manager is
responsible for accounts that have different
advisory fees. The difference in fees could
create an incentive for the portfolio manager
to favor one account over another, for
example, in terms of access to investment
opportunities. This conflict may be
heightened if an account is subject to a
performance-based fee.
The Adviser has established processes and
procedures for allocating investment
opportunities among portfolios that are
designed to provide a fair and equitable
allocation. These policies permit clients’
trades to be aggregated where appropriate
and require that aggregated client trades
generally be allocated on a pro-rata basis
where clients receive the average price and
commission when more than one trade is
executed, or more than one broker is used to
execute the transactions.
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SSGAL’s clients include pension funds,
investment management companies,
insurance companies, central banks, and
family offices.
SSGAL acts as an investment sub-advisor to
certain SSGA funds structured under the
Investment Company Act of 1940. It also acts
as an investment adviser to pooled
investment funds, which are structured as
UCITS funds. The minimum investment
amount into a pooled investment fund
managed by SSGAL is typically over US$1.5
million.
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Strategies and Risk of Loss
SSGAL engages numerous methods of
analysis across a wide array of investment
strategies when formulating investment
advice or managing assets. SSGAL does not
rely on one type of analysis over another and
does not recommend one particular type of
security. SSGAL seeks to utilize the most
prudent methods of analysis based on the
particular characteristics of the investment
strategy and the current market conditions,
as applicable.
Methods of Analysis: Each strategy described below utilizes various methods of
analysis as necessary for the respective
strategy. All methodologies utilize either
proprietary or vendor-supplied software
packages. The methods of analysis include
but are not limited to:
- Quantitative;
- Fundamental;
- Technical;
- Cyclical;
- Indexing;
- Arbitrage;
- Charting; and
- Other strategy specific methods
described below.
Investment Strategies: SSGAL does not
recommend primarily one particular type of
security. The following section includes a
description of the Adviser’s investment
strategies, and a discussion of the material
risks of each strategy.
The investment strategies deployed by
SSGAL are:
- Active, Enhanced & Passive Equity;
- Active and Passive Fixed Income;
- Cash Management
- Multi Asset Class Solutions (Asset
Allocation).
The following section includes a description
of the Adviser’s investment strategies and a
discussion of the material risks of each
strategy. The description of material risks
listed under each strategy description below
is not a complete enumeration or
explanation of all the risks involved in
purchasing shares of any fund. An
investment in a Fund employing one of the
strategies described below may be subject to
a number of risks not specifically mentioned.
Clients should refer to a Fund’s prospectus
and other offering documents for more
detailed discussion of risks. Investing in
securities involves risk of loss that clients
should be prepared to bear.
Active, Enhanced & Passive Equity Strategy description: The Adviser has teams
managing active strategies designed to
outperform relative to benchmarks while
maintaining appropriate risk exposure.
Active equity strategies include enhanced
equity and active quantitative strategies.
Strategies offered cover capitalization and
style segments of the market including large
cap core, large cap growth, large cap value,
mid cap, small cap, small cap value, all cap
and long-short equity (for example 130%
long-30% short), using country, regional and
global indices. The teams also manage long-
short strategies with beta less than one, such
as 100% long-30% short and long-short
market neutral strategies with betas of
approximately zero. They also manage
strategies with betas of less than one that do
not use shorting and are managed on a total
risk basis, rather than a benchmark-relative
risk basis.
In addition to the Active and Enhanced
strategies, the Adviser offers Passive or
Index Equity strategies covering various
capitalization segments; style portfolios; and
sector portfolios, including U.S. indexing,
global indexing, developed markets indexing,
emerging markets indexing, and specific
country mandates. The Adviser manages
equity index portfolios to seek broad-based
equity exposure and predictable variance
around a relevant benchmark.
Risks: Stock values fluctuate in response to
the activities of individual companies, and
general market and economic conditions.
Investing in foreign domiciled securities may
involve risk of capital loss from unfavorable
fluctuation in currency values, withholding
taxes, from differences in generally accepted
accounting principles and/or from economic
or political instability in other nations.
Investments in emerging or developing
markets may be more volatile and less liquid
than investing in developed markets and
may involve exposure to economic
structures that are generally less diverse and
mature and to political systems that have
less stability than those of more developed
countries.
Active and Passive Fixed Income Strategy description: The Adviser’s fixed
income strategies seek to meet its clients’
investment objectives by controlling risk,
while diversifying sources of excess return
where appropriate. The Adviser offers a
broad range of investment styles from
passive to active, short to long duration,
sovereign to high yield, and single country to
global. Most passive strategies use a
stratified sampling methodology, building a
portfolio with the same characteristics as the
index using quantitative and fundamental
methods. Core bond portfolios seek to add
consistent returns over the relevant
benchmark by concentrating on sector and
issue selection, as well as term structure
management.
Risks: Risks associated with fixed income
securities include, but are not limited to,
interest rate risks; the risk of issuer default,
and inflation risk. This effect is usually
pronounced for longer-term securities. Any
fixed income security sold or redeemed prior
to maturity may be subject to a substantial
gain or loss. Government bonds and
corporate bonds generally have more
moderate short-term price fluctuations than
stocks, but provide lower potential long-
term returns. U.S. Treasury Bills maintain a
stable value if held to maturity, but returns
are generally only slightly above the inflation
rate.
Cash Management Strategy description: The Adviser manages
money market funds. The Adviser team
develops solutions to meet a client’s liquidity
needs, investment constraints and risk
parameters. Cash strategies seek to
generate current income while preserving
capital and liquidity by investing in
diversified portfolios of short-term
securities.
Risks: The Cash Management strategies seek
to maintain a constant unit value, although
there is no assurance that a constant unit
value will be maintained. Risks associated
with fixed income securities include, but are
not limited to, interest rate risks; the risk of
issuer default, and liquidity risk. These
effects are usually more pronounced for
longer-term securities. Any fixed income
security sold or redeemed prior to maturity
may be subject to a substantial gain or loss.
Government bonds and corporate bonds
generally have more moderate short-term
price fluctuations than stocks, but provide
lower potential long-term returns. U.S.
Treasury Bills maintain a stable value if held
to maturity, but returns are generally only
slightly above the inflation rate.
Multi Asset Class Solutions Strategy description: The Multi Asset Class
Solutions strategies employ an asset
allocation model as a method of
diversification that aims to position assets
among major investment categories. When
employing a certain asset allocation
methodology, the Adviser will have
discretion to adjust portfolio positioning.
This method is used in an effort to manage
risk and enhance returns. It does not,
however, guarantee a profit or protect
against loss.
Risks: Risks associated with the Multi Asset
Class Solutions strategy are a function of the
multiple asset classes in which the Funds’
assets are allocated. Subject to the asset
class allocation, the risks will be similar to
those described in the other strategies.
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Activities and Affiliations
SSGA Limited has affiliations with various
entities including: a broker-dealer, various
mutual funds, a banking institution and
other investment advisors.
State Street Global Markets LLC, (“SSGM”),
a wholly-owned subsidiary of State Street
and an affiliate of SSGAL, is registered as a
broker-dealer with the SEC, and is a member
of the Financial Industry Regulatory
Authority (“FINRA”), the National Futures
Association (“NFA”), the Municipal Securities
Rulemaking Board (“MSRB”), Securities
Investor Protection Corporation (SIPC), and
various exchanges. In addition, SSGM
became a futures commission merchant in
October of 2009. State Street Global
Markets Limited is the UK affiliate and is
regulated by the Prudential Regulation
Authority (PRA) and the Financial Conduct
Authority (FCA).
SSGAL may utilize the services of SSGM to
effect securities transactions for its clients. It
may also, either directly or in connection
with effecting transactions with SSGM,
utilize the services of other State Street
subsidiaries or joint ventures (or similar
businesses involving State Street) whose
businesses are designed to facilitate the
purchase and sale of portfolio assets of client
accounts.
SSGAL serves as the investment adviser to
various funds that are sponsored by affiliates
of SSGA Limited, and therefore such funds
may be deemed “related persons,” of SSGA
Limited, including the SSGA funds, the State
Street Navigator Securities Lending Trust, the
State Street Master Funds, the State Street
Institutional Investment Trust, the Select
Sector SPDR Trust, the SPDR Series Trust and
the SPDR Index Shares Funds, SSGA Master
Trust, and SSGA Active ETF Trust.
In addition to advisory fees received from
funds sponsored by unaffiliated third parties
SSGAL may also receive advisory fees from
any investment made by these funds in the
funds sponsored by SSGAL or its affiliates.
Please refer to Item 6 – Performance Based
Fees and Side-by-Side Management for a
discussion of potential conflicts of interest.
SSGAL is affiliated with State Street Bank and Trust Company (“SSBT”), a state
chartered bank, which, in accordance with
applicable law, provides custody, accounting,
securities lending and administrative services
to certain of the funds. In addition, SSBT
became a provisionally registered swap
dealer in December of 2012.
SSGAL is affiliated with Managed Pension Funds Limited, a limited liability insurance
company of which State Street Corporation
is the sole shareholder. Managed Pension
Funds Limited assigns investment
management, marketing and client
relationship functions to State Street Global
Advisors Limited.
SSGAL is affiliated with several SEC-registered and non-registered investment advisers. In some instances, one or more of
these advisers may assist SSGAL in the
management of a client portfolio.
Please refer to Item 11 for a discussion of
additional conflicts of interest.
In rendering investment advisory services,
SSGAL may use the resources of other SSGA
affiliates, such as SSGA Funds Management,
Inc. which is also registered with the SEC as
an investment adviser under the Investment
Advisers Act of 1940. SSGA Funds
Management, Inc. was established in 2001
and is a wholly owned subsidiary of State
Street Corporation.
SSGAL has entered into a Memorandum of
Understanding (“MOU”) with a non-U.S.
registered advisory affiliate, State Street
Global Advisors Ireland Limited, to provide
advisory resources to certain clients of
SSGAL. To the extent that State Street
Global Advisors Ireland Limited provides
advisory services to any U.S. clients of SSGA
Limited pursuant to the MOU, State Street
Global Advisors Ireland Limited will be
subject to the supervision of SSGA Limited.
State Street Global Advisors Ireland Limited
and any of its employees who provide
services to clients of SSGAL are considered
under the MOU to be “associated persons”
of SSGAL as that term is defined in the
Investment Advisers Act of 1940 for
purposes of SSGAL’s required supervision.
State Street Global Advisors Ireland Limited
may invest for its non-U.S. clients in the
same securities recommended for
investment or invested in for SSGAL’s U.S.
clients. SSGAL has adopted procedures that
are designed to prevent any potential
conflicts of interest.
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SSGAL has adopted a Code of Ethics (the
“Code”) that complies with the requirements
of Rule 204A-1 under the Advisers Act and
Rule 17j-1 under the 1940 Act. The Code
imposes restrictions on the purchase or sale
of securities for SSGAL’s employees’ own
accounts and the accounts of certain
affiliates of employees
The Code imposes substantive trading
restrictions, including but not limited to the
requirement to pre-clear trades in Covered
Securities, a prohibition on participating in
IPOs, to pre-clear private placements, and a
60 day short term profit prohibition (with
some exceptions). Investment Persons are
subject to a blackout rule prohibiting a
personal trade in a security that (i) has an
open order for a client account or (ii) traded
on behalf of clients seven days before, on, or
seven days after the personal trade (subject
to a de minimis exception of $5,000). In
addition, the Code requires employees to
pre-clear and report transactions and
holdings in mutual funds advised or sub-
advised by SSGAL and certain affiliates.
Employees are required to report
transactions and holdings in securities in
initial, quarterly and annual reports. On an
annual basis, each employee is required to
certify that he or she has read, understands
and is in compliance with the Code.
The foregoing discussion is a summary and it
is qualified in its entirety by the Code. Each
client or prospective client is provided with a
copy of the Code upon request.
Potential Conflicts: The Adviser has
identified several potential conflicts that
arise in the ordinary course of its investment
advisory activities. Generally, these conflicts
include those relating to the Adviser’s
employees’ personal trading activities;
relationships that the Adviser has with,
and/or payments it may receive from,
affiliated entities; trading in multiple client
accounts in the same or similar investment
strategies; the fee structure of certain
accounts; and proxy voting. The Advisor has
adopted policies and procedures to address
these topics.
Conflicts may arise from the personal trading activities of the Adviser’s employees. These potential conflicts of
interest are primarily addressed in the Code
of Ethics (described above) and the State
Street Standard of Conduct. The Standard of
Conduct also contains important provisions
pertaining to insider trading and tipping and
supplements the Adviser’s Inside
Information/Information Barriers Policy and
Procedure.
Conflicts may arise as a result of the Adviser’s dealings with affiliated entities.
SSGA’s affiliates are among the service
providers for the Adviser’s clients. A conflict
may exist because the Adviser may earn
more revenue if a client selects a service
provider affiliated with the Adviser. These
affiliations are disclosed to the clients.
Conflicts may arise as a result of the aggregation of clients’ trades and allocations to client accounts. There is a
potential conflict when transactions in a
specific security may not be effected for all
client accounts at the same time or at the
same price for various reasons. There could
be incentive to allocate transactions in a
manner that favors one client over another.
Conflicts may arise as a result of the allocation of scarce investment opportunities, such as in demand securities,
because of the possibility that the Adviser
could allocate scarce investment
opportunities in a manner that favors one
client over another. There is theoretically an
incentive to allocate desirable securities to
clients that pay a performance fee.
Conflicts may arise as a result of principal trading and cross trading activities. The
potential conflict is that the Adviser could
use these transactions for the benefit of the
Adviser or to favor one client over another.
Conflicts may arise as a result of trading errors and the correction of such errors.
The potential conflict is that the Adviser may
seek to protect its own economic interest by
not acknowledging that errors have
occurred, by failing to fully compensate the
clients for damages they incur as a result of
such errors (by not covering their losses), or
by keeping the clients’ gains.
Conflicts may arise as a result of simultaneous management of multiple accounts by the Adviser’s investment professionals. For example, differences in
the advisory fee structure may create the
appearance of actual or potential conflicts of
interest because such differences could
create pecuniary incentives for the Adviser
to favor one account over another.
Conflicts may arise as a result of exercising proxies. For example, the Adviser or its
affiliates may provide services to a company
whose management is soliciting proxies, or
to another entity which is a proponent of a
particular proxy proposal. Another example
could arise when SSGA or an affiliate has
business or other relationships with
participants involved in proxy contests, such
as a candidate for a corporate directorship.
Please refer to
Item 17 – Voting Client
Securities for information about the
Adviser’s Proxy Voting Policy.
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SSGAL seeks best execution of client
transactions, subject to any client-imposed
restrictions (e.g., if the client has mandated
the use of specified counterparties for
certain transactions) viewed in terms either
of the particular transaction or in terms of
SSGAL’s overall responsibilities with respect
to the accounts as to which it exercises
investment discretion and has the authority
to select the executing broker-dealer or
other counterparty.
When selecting broker-dealers, the trading
desks executing SSGAL client transactions
will (i) refer to and select from a list of
approved broker-dealers maintained by
SSGA Credit Risk Management Group, and
(ii) seek to weight relevant factors, which
may include, without limitation, nor all
inclusive, and in no particular order:
- Prompt and reliable execution;
- The competitiveness of commission
rates, spreads, mark-ups, and mark-
downs, if applicable;
- The financial strength and stability
and/or reputation of the broker-
dealer;
- Qualifications and capabilities of floor
brokers or traders;
- The willingness and ability of the
executing broker-dealer to execute
transactions (and commit capital) of
size in liquid and illiquid markets
without disrupting the market for the
security;
- Local laws, regulations, or
restrictions;
- Competency of block trading
coverage;
- The ability of the executing broker-
dealer to maintain confidentiality;
- The availability of electronic
communications networks for trading
and execution management systems
(“EMS”) to SSGA Limited;
- Market share;
- Liquidity;
- Price;
- History of execution of orders;
- Clearance and settlement
capabilities, especially in high volume
market environments;
- Sophistication of the broker-dealer’s
trading capabilities and
infrastructure/facilities;
- The operational efficiency with which
transactions are processed and
cleared, taking into account the order
size and complexity;
- Responsiveness to SSGA Limited;
- Access to IPOs and other offerings;
- Access to secondary markets;
- The “broker vote process”; and/or
- The relative value SSGA Limited
places on the proprietary research
provided by the broker-dealer; and
- Counterparty exposure
The specific criteria SSGAL used in selecting a
broker-dealer will vary depending upon the
nature of the transaction, the market in
which it is executed, and the extent to which
it is possible to select among multiple
broker-dealers. Transactions will not always
be executed at the lowest available price,
rate, spread or commission. SSGA may use
alternative trading systems when it deems
appropriate.
In some markets or in respect of certain
currencies, a fund may be required, or agree
in SSGAL’s discretion, to enter into foreign
currency transactions via the custodian’s
relevant sub-custodian. SSGAL may be
subject to a conflict of interest in agreeing to
any such arrangements on behalf of a fund.
Such transactions executed directly with the
sub-custodian are executed at a rate
determined solely by sub-custodian.
Accordingly, a fund may not receive the best
pricing of such currency transactions.
Research and Other Soft Dollar Benefits:
SSGAL employs a standard negotiated equity
commission schedule. All equity commission
rates are the same regardless of account,
market or broker.
SSGAL will absorb the cost of external
research consumed by its European based
investment teams under MiFID II.
Directed Brokerage: SSGAL does not
currently recommend, request, or require
that clients direct the execution of
transactions to specified executing broker-
dealers.
From time to time, clients may direct SSGAL
to use a particular broker/dealer to effect
transactions consistent with SSGAL’s internal
policies, as they may be in effect from time
to time. If a client directs SSGAL to use a
specific broker-dealer, it may pay higher
transaction costs and SSGAL may not be able
to achieve the most favorable execution. For
example, a client may pay higher transaction
costs because SSGAL may not be able to
aggregate the client’s orders with other
orders. A client might miss investment
opportunities because the broker-dealer to
whom a transaction is directed may not have
access to certain securities, such as new
issues or limited inventory bonds. Directed
brokerage may affect the timing of the
client’s transaction (for example, there may
be times when the client’s trade will not be
effected until all non-directed brokerage
orders are completed), and may affect the
processing of the transaction. The direction
of transactions may result in additional
credit and/or settlement risk.
Trade Aggregation: SSGAL may aggregate, or
"block," transactions for multiple clients to
maximize efficiency and minimize trading
costs, and place the blocked transaction with
the broker-dealer or broker-dealers through
which they seek best execution. In certain
cases, where the aggregated order is
executed in a series of transactions at
various prices on a given day, each client’s
proportionate share of the order reflects the
average price received and, where
applicable, commission rate paid with
respect to the total orders in which the
client’s account participated on that day.
SSGAL may but is not obligated to aggregate
transactions in any case. Although
aggregation of transactions is generally
intended to benefit client accounts by
reducing overall trading costs, it is possible in
any case that aggregation might instead
increase client account commissions or
trading costs or have other unintended
adverse effects. Certain client transactions
that are not aggregated may achieve
superior execution.
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All investment management accounts are
reviewed regularly, but no less than
annually, by the portfolio managers for
performance and compliance with applicable
investment objectives, guidelines,
restrictions and applicable regulatory
requirements. Accounts are also routinely
reviewed by SSGAL’s Compliance personnel
for conformance with investment guidelines,
restrictions and applicable regulatory
requirements. Each investment strategy is
also reviewed regularly by the SSGA
Investment Committee.
The Board of Trustees/Directors of the funds
periodically receive reports that include a
summary of relevant market conditions that
have affected the funds during the reporting
period and may affect the funds in the
future. The Boards also have the opportunity
to review fund performance at their
respective meetings.
An investment management account may be
reviewed on other than a periodic basis as
part of an individual portfolio manager
performance review at the request of the
SSGA Investment Committee or as part of a
random sampling approach. The criteria for
a review may vary by group and may include
performance, risk exposure, holdings or
changes in personnel.
Reporting: SSGAL provides clients with
reports and information as agreed to with
the client. The frequency (daily, monthly or
quarterly) is also determined by the nature
of the report and the needs of the client.
Reports may include data relating to
purchases and sales, specific regulatory
requirements, account holdings, market
values and issuer/sector/country exposures
as well as commentary on the market and
the applicable investment mandate. Reports
are mainly sent in the standard SSGA report
format but we may consider sending reports
in formats requested by the client if this is
applicable.
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Compensation
SSGAL does not receive any economic
benefit for advisory services provided from
non-clients.
SSGAL has an arrangement with certain
affiliated and third parties pursuant to which
SSGAL compensates these affiliated parties
for referrals of clients to invest in the funds
advised by SSGAL. The referral fee is based
upon revenues earned by SSGAL related to
the client referred. The written agreement
governing this arrangement requires the
affiliated party to disclose to the client the
affiliation between the affiliated party and
SSGAL.
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SSGAL is affiliated with SSBT, which provides
custody services to certain SSGA funds.
Clients will receive account statements from
SSBT and clients should carefully review
those statements.
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SSGAL accepts discretionary authority to
manage assets on behalf of its clients. This
discretion may be limited by applicable
investment guidelines or restrictions. SSGAL
enters into investment management
agreements or advisory agreements
establishing the requisite powers and
authorities and any applicable guidelines and
restrictions.
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SSGAL seeks to vote proxies for which it has
discretionary authority in the best interests
of its clients. This means that we make
proxy voting decisions in the manner we
believe will most likely protect and promote
the long–term economic value of client
accounts.
In order to facilitate our proxy voting
process, SSGAL retains Institutional
Shareholder Services, Inc. (“ISS”), a firm with
expertise in the proxy voting and corporate
governance fields.
Generally, proxies will be voted in
accordance with the guidelines provided in
SSGAL’s Proxy Voting Policy. However, from
time to time, proxy votes will be solicited
which involve special circumstances and
require additional research and discussion,
which are not directly addressed by SSGAL’s
Proxy Voting Policy, or which SSGAL does not
consider routine. Such proxies will be subject
to consideration by SSGAL on a case-by-case
basis in a manner determined by SSGAL to
be in the best interest of clients.
SSGAL will review a proxy which may present
a potential conflict of interest. In general,
SSGAL does not believe matters that fall
within the Proxy Voting Guidelines and are
voted consistently with the Proxy Voting
Guidelines present any potential conflicts,
since the vote on the matter has effectively
been determined without reference to the
soliciting entity; however, where matters do
not fall within the Proxy Voting Guidelines or
where SSGAL believes that voting in
accordance with the Proxy Voting Guidelines
is unwarranted, SSGAL conducts an
additional review to determine whether a
conflict of interest exists. Although various
relationships could be deemed to give rise to
a conflict of interest, SSGA has determined
that a material conflict of interest is a
conflict between the interests of our client
and those of SSGA or its affiliates.
In circumstances where either (i) the matter
does not fall clearly within the Proxy Voting
Guidelines or (ii) SSGAL determines that
voting in accordance with such policies or
guidance is not in the best interests of its
clients, the Director of SSGAL Corporate
Governance Team will determine whether a
conflict of interest exists. If so the matter is
referred to the SSGA Proxy Review
Committee, which then reviews the matter
and determines whether a conflict of
interest exists, and if so, how to best resolve
such conflict. For example, the Proxy Review
Committee may (i) determine that the proxy
vote does not give rise to a conflict due to
the issues presented, (ii) refer the matter to
the Investment Committee for further
evaluation, or (iii) retain an independent
fiduciary to determine the appropriate vote.
A copy
of SSGAL’s Proxy Voting Policy is
available to each client.
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Registered investment advisers are required
to provide you with certain financial
information or disclosures about their
financial condition. SSGAL has no financial
commitment or condition that is reasonably
likely to impair its ability to meet contractual
and fiduciary commitments to clients, and
has not been the subject of a bankruptcy
proceeding.
Item 19 – Requirements for State-
Registered Advisers
SSGAL is not a state registered adviser.
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Open Brochure from SEC website