A. General Description of Advisory Firm. Brandywine Managers, LLC (“BML”) is an investment
adviser with its principal place of business in Hockessin, Delaware. BML commenced operations as an
investment adviser on April 28, 1998. Brandywine Group Advisers, Inc. (“BGA”) is an investment
adviser with its principal place of business in New York, New York. Brandywine Trust Group, LLC is the
parent company of both entities. Notwithstanding that they are organized as separate legal entities, BML
and BGA conduct a single advisory business subject to a unified compliance program. BML has been
registered with the SEC since May 15, 2006 and BGA is listed as a relying adviser on BML’s ADV Part I.
The term “the Adviser” refers collectively to BML and BGA.
B. Description of Advisory Services. 1. The Adviser is engaged primarily in a fund-of-funds business (and to a limited extent a
manager-of-managers business). It provides investment supervisory services to privately offered
pooled investment vehicles formed as limited partnerships or limited liability companies for which
BML serves as General Partner, Manager or Managing Member. Investment supervisory
services includes advice on matters of asset allocation, manager selection, retention, and
termination.
Participation in some of the vehicles is limited to the members of the particular family for whom
the entity is maintained (a “Family Limited Partnership”). The rest are privately offered to
sophisticated investors (“Proprietary Funds”). Collectively, these investment vehicles are referred
to in the rest of the document as the “Fund(s).” All of the investors in the Funds are clients of
Brandywine Trust Company, LLC (“BTC”), an affiliate.
The Funds invest in a variety of private investment funds and managed accounts which are not
registered under the Securities Act of 1933, and which carry a high risk of loss and provide no
current income but offer capital appreciation potential.
2. In addition to the investment supervisory services provided to the Funds, BGA provides
investment recommendations to BTC (see Item #10) on an as-needed basis.
C. Client Assets Under Management. As of December 31, 2018, the Adviser had approximately
$9,650,308,000
client assets under management. As of that date, the Adviser managed $9,650,308,000
on a
discretionary basis and $0 on a
non-
discretionary basis.
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A. Asset-Based Compensation.
1. As compensation for its services, BML receives an Advisory fee, which is compensation based
on the market value of the investment entities of which BML serves as General Partner,
Managing Member or other similar capacity. This fee is paid to the Adviser by BTC, a related
person, who in its fiduciary capacity, owns or controls substantially all of the limited partner capital
contributed to the Funds. The fee is computed and charged quarterly, based on beginning of
quarter asset values with a final payment when such values have been finalized each quarter.
2. As compensation for its services to the Proprietary Funds, BML receives a Management Fee
of 0.05% per annum from each of the Proprietary Funds. BML retains the right to waive any or
all of the Management Fee from each Proprietary Fund.
3. As compensation for its services, BGA receives an Advisory fee paid by BML, which is
compensation that is based on the market value of the investment entities of which BML serves
as General Partner, Managing Member or other similar capacity. The fee is computed and
charged quarterly, based on beginning of quarter asset values with a final payment when such
values have been finalized each quarter.
4. As compensation for its services, BGA receives an Advisory fee paid by BTC, an affiliate. The
fee is a fixed rate plus a percentage of the market value of BTC’s client assets under
management (excluding holdings in pooled investment entities of which BML serves as General
Partner, Managing Member or similar capacity). The percentage portion of the fee is computed
and charged quarterly, based on beginning of quarter asset values with a final payment when
such values have been finalized each quarter.
B. Performance-Based Compensation.
1. Performance Fee. As compensation for its services, BML may receive a performance
fee, which is compensation that is based on a share of the percentage of the profits of each Fund
annually (the “Performance Allocation”). The limited partnership agreement or limited liability
company agreement for each Fund sets forth the Performance Allocation for that Fund. The
typical Performance Allocation is 10% of profits up to 0.5% of the average quarterly capital per
annum. Beginning January 1, 2018, for certain Proprietary Funds, the annual Performance
Allocation is 100% of profits limited to 0.35% of the average quarterly beginning capital of the
limited partners. The Performance Allocation is charged by BML in compliance with Rule 205-3
under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940. BML, in its sole discretion, may waive or reduce the
Performance Allocation as to any investor in any Fund at any time.
2. Incentive Allocation. In a limited number of the Proprietary Funds, investors
additionally pay an Incentive Allocation. The Incentive Allocation, when charged, is credited to
the account of a special limited partner in each fund, the beneficial owners of which are certain
employees of BGA. The limited partnership agreement for each Fund sets forth the Incentive
Allocation for that Fund. Beginning with Funds closed after January 1, 2018, the Incentive
Allocation is 2% of the profits of the Proprietary Fund. In Proprietary Funds closed prior to
January 1, 2018, the incentive fee is compensation that is based on a share of the amount by
which the performance of the Fund exceeds a benchmark. The Incentive Allocation is charged by
the Adviser in compliance with Rule 205-3 under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940. The
Adviser, in its sole discretion, may waive or reduce the Incentive Allocation as to any investor in
any Fund at any time.
C. Payment of Fees. The Asset Based Fees are computed and charged quarterly in advance based on
beginning of quarter asset values with final payments made when such values have been finalized each
quarter. The Performance and Incentive Allocations may be paid in cash or in-kind. The accountant
records the re-allocation of profits from the investors to the Adviser, or special limited partner, on the
capital account records of the Funds.
D. Other Fees and Expenses. Except as otherwise explained in Section A above, in addition to paying
the Asset Based fees, Performance Allocation and Incentive Allocation, client assets will bear their pro-
rata shares of the operating expenses of both the Funds and the underlying investment funds, including
but not limited to: administration fees, custody fees, legal fees and expenses, accounting fees and
expenses, audit and tax preparation fees and expenses, organizational expenses, sub-manager asset-
based fees and performance allocations, and transactional costs such as brokerage commissions. Fund
level fees and expenses for administration, asset custody, accounting, tax preparation and research-
related travel may be paid to the Adviser or an affiliate of the Adviser. All other expenses, if incurred, are
paid to unaffiliated third parties.
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The Adviser is paid performance-based compensation by the Funds as described in Item 5.
The Adviser has adopted and implemented policies and procedures that govern the allocation of limited
opportunities (such as private placements). These procedures are discussed in further detail in Item 16
below and monitored by the Adviser’s Chief Compliance Officer.
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The Adviser’s
clients are (1) the Funds formed as limited partnerships or limited liability companies for
which it serves as General Partner, Manager or Managing Member and (2) its affiliate, Brandywine Trust
Company, LLC.
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A. Methods of Analysis and Investment Strategies. The Proprietary Funds invest primarily in other
private investment companies or in separate accounts managed by unrelated third parties. The Adviser’s
research focuses on the managers of each such private investment company or separate account (each,
a “Portfolio Manager”), rather than on individual securities owned within the private investment companies
or in the separate accounts. The Adviser’s analytical process includes both quantitative and qualitative
elements. The Adviser endeavors to analyze each Portfolio Manager’s strategy, philosophy and decision
making process, proprietary models, research and portfolio management systems, the quality of its
investment professionals, and its organizational structure.
The Proprietary Funds generally engage in one of three strategies:
Global – participate in the real growth of the global economy by taking ownership positions in individual
public companies, either directly or through Portfolio Managers. The Partnership aims to provide a source
of public equity returns that can, over the long term, outperform diversified, easily available public market
alternatives, net of fees and taxes.
Multi-Strategy – achieve, by investing with Portfolio Managers who pursue strategies other than long-
only equity investing, equity-like returns over the long-term with lower volatility than that of equities and a
reduced correlation.
Private Equity – invest in, on a pooled basis, a variety of buyout, venture and other “private equity”
funds that involve a lengthy forward commitment to contribute capital and uncertainty as to the timing of
capital calls and distributions.
The Family Limited Partnerships may invest in the Proprietary Funds, may hold legacy investments
brought to the Adviser for oversight by the family, and/or may make isolated investments for which the
opportunity to invest is unique to the particular family.
Investing in the Funds involves investing in securities, which activity involves the risk of loss of capital.
Investors in the Funds should be prepared to bear the risk of a complete loss of the capital that they
invest.
B. Material Risks (Including Significant, or Unusual Risks) Relating to Investment Strategies. An
investment in the Proprietary Funds involves significant risks, including, but not limited to Illiquidity –
because of limitation on withdrawal rights and the fact that the Proprietary Funds may invest with Portfolio
Managers who do not permit frequent withdrawals and/or may invest in illiquid instruments; Strategy
Risks – because all securities, commodities and currency investments involve the risk of loss of capital
and there is no guarantee that the strategies of the Portfolio Managers, which include such techniques as
short sales, leverage, uncovered option and futures transactions and limited diversification, will be
successful; Portfolio Managers – because while the Proprietary Funds seek to select only Portfolio
Managers of the highest integrity, neither the Proprietary Funds nor the Adviser will have control or
oversight of the day-to-day operations of any Portfolio Manager. Prospective investors in the Proprietary
Funds are referred to the Confidential Private Offering Memorandums for a more detailed discussion of
the risks involved in investing in each Proprietary Fund.
An investment in the Family Limited Partnerships involves significant risks, including not only those risks
associated with investing in the Proprietary Funds, described above, but also risks unique to the Portfolio
Managers of each Family Limited Partnership. Prospective investors in the Family Limited Partnerships
are referred to the limited partnership agreements or other governing documents for each such entity for
more information of the risks involved in investing in such Family Limited Partnership.
C. Risks Associated With Types of Securities that are Primarily Recommended (Including
Significant, or Unusual Risks). Investing in the Funds bears significant risks owing to the nature of
such investments. The Funds are unregistered investment companies. As such, there is no market for
interests in such entities and investors may be unable to liquidate their investments for a significant period
of time. Additionally, there is no established market for interests in the Funds and investors are wholly
dependent on the Adviser, its affiliates, and the Portfolio Managers to determine and report a fair value for
the interests. Even with the most carefully and accurately determined value, an investor may not be able
to realize such value at any particular point in time, owing to restrictions on transfer contained in the
governing documents of the Funds.
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Brandywine Trust Company, LLC
While the only business of the Adviser is the provision of supervisory services to its
clients, the principal
business of the executive officers of BML is the operation of Brandywine Trust Company, LLC (“BTC”), an
affiliate of the Adviser. BTC is a non-deposit trust company doing business under the laws of the State of
Delaware, a substantial portion of which consists of the exercise of fiduciary powers similar to those
permitted to national banks under the authority of the Comptroller of the Currency. BTC is supervised and
examined by the Delaware State Bank Commissioner.
BTC is the qualified custodian for the Funds and is also engaged and compensated by each Fund to
perform accounting services. Additionally, BML pays BTC a fee for Administrative Services BTC provides
to the Funds.
The substantial majority of the investors in the Funds are clients of BTC. In the exercise of its fiduciary
powers, BTC subscribes to, maintains and withdraws capital from interests in the Funds. The Adviser
does not pay BTC for investing in or referring customers to the Funds. BTC reduces its annual fiduciary
fees to each investor by the maximum Performance Allocation that such investor could incur for that year.
Pleasantville Tax Services, Inc.
Substantially all of the Funds managed by the Adviser engage PTS to perform tax accounting and return
preparation services for which PTS is a paid a fee by those Funds. PTS is an affiliate of the Adviser.
Material Relationships or Arrangements with Industry Participants. Some of the Proprietary Funds
have or may in the future enter into agreements, or “side letters,” with certain prospective or existing
limited partners or shareholders whereby such limited partners or shareholders may be subject to terms
and conditions that are more advantageous than those set forth in the offering memorandum for the
Proprietary Fund. For example, such terms and conditions may provide for a waiver or rebate in fees to
be paid by the limited partner or shareholder and/or other terms; and such other rights as may be
negotiated by the Proprietary Fund and such limited partners or shareholders. The modifications are
solely at the discretion of the Proprietary Fund.
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A. Code of Conduct. The Adviser recognizes that it is a fiduciary and therefore must serve the interests
of its
clients. The Adviser further recognizes that it must adhere to the highest standard of care and
diligence in conducting its business activities as is required by law, and must be particularly sensitive to
situations in which the interests of its Advisory
clients may be directly or indirectly in conflict with those of
the Adviser. Compliance obligations are a priority of the Adviser and, as such, the Adviser has adopted
written policies and procedures in accordance with those standards.
B. Code of Ethics. The Adviser and its personnel may effect transactions for their own accounts in the
same securities purchased and sold for the accounts of the Adviser’s
clients including the Funds. The
Adviser has adopted a code of ethics (the “Code”) to ensure that trading by the Adviser’s personnel is
conducted in a manner that does not adversely affect the Adviser’s
clients and in a manner consistent
with the fiduciary duty owed by the Adviser to its
clients. The Code covers a range of topics that include:
general ethical principles, restrictions on personal securities transactions (discussed further below),
reporting personal securities trading, exceptions to reporting securities trading, reporting ethical
violations, and distribution of the Code to the Adviser’s personnel.
The Code is designed to comply with Rule 204A-1 under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940. An existing
or prospective
client may obtain a copy of the Code by sending a request to the Chief Compliance Officer,
Kristina D. Sherman at 7234 Lancaster Pike, Hockessin, DE 19707 or by calling her at 1-302-234-5750
ext. 624.
C. Restrictions on Personal Securities Transactions. The Code requires Access Persons to provide
certain reports, including initial and annual reports listing all securities (or furnish brokerage statements )
for which the Access Person had any direct or indirect beneficial ownership as well as a list of any broker,
dealer or bank account in which the securities are held. Access Persons must also pre-clear securities
transactions that are defined within the Code, with the Chief Compliance Officer. Access Persons must
also ensure that the Chief Compliance Officer receives broker confirmations for trades no later than ten
(10) days after the end of the calendar month in which the transaction to which the report relates was
effected. The only exceptions to the trade confirmation requirement is for open-ended mutual funds
(those that can only be transacted at each end of day NAV) and purchases or sales effected in any
account over which the Access Person has no direct influence or control or in any account which is
managed on a discretionary basis by a person other than the Access Person and with respect to which
such Access Person does not in fact have or seek to exercise influence or control. No account shall be
treated as qualifying for the foregoing exception without the prior written approval of the Chief Compliance
Officer.
Confirmations are cross referenced against the pre-clearance log to ensure that approval had been
granted.
D. Principal Trades. There may be times when the Adviser, acting as principal for its own account, will
sell a security to, or purchase a security from a
client. Those situations will be limited to situations when
an error has occurred and the Adviser believes the transaction is needed to make the
client whole. In
the event that the Advisory
client is a Family Limited Partnership, the Adviser will not proceed with the
transaction without first disclosing the transaction to the designated family for whom the partnership was
formed and obtaining the consent of the family's authorized representative(s). The Chief Compliance
Officer will maintain a report of all principal trades as well as the back-up documentation explaining the
reasons for the transaction.
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Because of the fund-of-funds nature of Adviser’s
clients, Adviser has not historically been involved with
the direct management of portfolios of securities except (1) in the event of dissolution and in-kind
distribution of an underlying fund in which Adviser has invested Fund assets or (2) through the hiring of a
third party sub-advisor to manage portfolios of marketable securities. In the latter case, the third party
sub-advisor handles any trading and as part of that process selects the brokers. To the extent that the
Adviser does engage in the direct supervision of a portfolio of marketable securities and does not employ
a third party sub-advisor, then the Adviser would use its best efforts and judgment to dispose of the
portfolio in a manner that would best serve the needs of the investors of the particular Fund. Such
manner may include, but is not limited to liquidation of all positions, distribution of all positions to the
investors, retention of a successor portfolio manager to supervise the positions, or a combination of some
or all of the foregoing or other methods.
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A. Frequency and Nature of Review. The Investment Committee (“IC”) of BGA meets at least once a
quarter to consider matters of asset allocation, manager selection, retention and termination within the
Proprietary Funds. BGA provides final recommendations to BML for review and execution. The
Management Committee of BML reviews the holdings in each Fund (including the Family Limited
Partnerships) at least once a quarter and considers the recommendations of BGA when making decisions
for the Proprietary Funds. The Management Committee of BML also seeks advice from BGA on matters
of asset allocation, manager selection, retention and termination within the Family Limited Partnerships
on an as-needed basis. BTC seeks advice from BGA on manager selection, retention and termination on
an as-needed basis.
Significant market events or changes in the investment objectives or guidelines of a particular
client may
trigger Management Committee reviews of
client accounts on other than a periodic basis.
B. Content and Frequency of Regular Account Reports. A
client’s investors receive reports from the
client pursuant to the terms of each
client’s offering memoranda or as otherwise described in the
governing documents of the Funds. Quarterly statements are sent by the Adviser’s qualified custodian to
the
clients’ investors as explained in Item 15.
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The Adviser does not pay a referral fee to anyone for client referrals. Wicopesset Management Corp.
("WMC") is an Adviser to BGA and receives a fee from BGA for its services. WMC has referred one
existing customer to BTC to whom both BTC and WMC provide services. BTC pays a portion of the fee it
collects from the customer to WMC as compensation for services provided to the customer. The
customer may, from time to time, invest in the Proprietary Funds. The principals of WMC are customers
of BTC, investors in the Proprietary Funds and have a Family Limited Partnership managed by the
Adviser.
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BTC acts as the qualified custodian for the Adviser. BTC sends quarterly account statements to investors
in the Funds of the Adviser (except for those Funds where the Adviser distributes Audited Financial
Statements to the limited partners). BTC may act as sole Trustee of investors in the Funds. In those
situations, BTC ensures that a grantor, beneficiary, or other family member receives the quarterly account
statements on behalf of the investor.
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The Adviser provides investment Advisory services on a
discretionary basis to
the Funds. The limited
partnership or limited liability agreement of each fund names BML as the General Partner, Manager, or
Managing Member and sets forth the scope of the Adviser’s discretion.
Unless otherwise instructed or directed by a discretionary
client, the Adviser has the authority to
determine (i) the securities to be purchased and sold for the
client account (subject to restrictions on its
activities set forth in the applicable limited partnership or limited liability agreement) and (ii) the amount of
securities to be purchased or sold for the
client account.
The Adviser provides investment advice to BTC but does not execute transactions on either a
discretionary or non-discretionary basis.
Security Trade Allocations. As explained in Item 4 above,
all of the investors in the Funds are clients of
BTC. Because the Proprietary Funds are open to all BTC clients who meet eligibility requirements, absent
rare and unusual circumstances, new investment opportunities (including co-investments in existing
funds) will be allocated solely to the Proprietary Funds and not to FLPs. This ensures that all eligible
investors have equal access to the investment opportunities vetted by the Adviser.
Offers of additional capacity in existing investments that are owned by both the Proprietary Funds and
FLPs will be allocated between the existing owners in a manner that the Adviser determines is fair and
equitable under the circumstances and may include the following factors, among others, (i)
client
investment objectives and strategies; (ii)
client risk profiles; (iii) tax status and restrictions placed on a
client's portfolio by the
client or by applicable law; (iv) size of the
client account; (v) nature and liquidity of
the security to be allocated; (vi) size of available position; (vii) current market conditions; and (viii) liquidity
and cash flow considerations.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, to the extent that the Adviser serves as the investment adviser or the
investment manager to multiple proprietary private equity entities with commitment periods that have not
closed, the Adviser will generally allocate investments to fill each prior fund as close to its capacity (or
over capacity) as deemed appropriate by the Adviser prior to filling any subsequent fund; however, as
disclosed in the CPOMs for the Proprietary Funds, there is no assurance that any prior or subsequent
fund will be fully committed.
The Adviser may effect cross transactions between discretionary
client accounts. Cross transactions
enable the Adviser to effect a trade between two
clients for the same security at a set price. Such
transactions are beneficial because they (1) possibly avoid an unfavorable price movement that may be
created through entrance into the market, (2) save commission costs for both accounts, or (3) in the
private security context, ensure that capacity with strong managers is retained by the firm. The Adviser
has a potentially conflicting division of loyalties and responsibilities regarding both parties to cross
transactions. Cross transactions between
client accounts are not permitted if they would constitute
principal trades (see Item 11, subpart D) or trades for which the Adviser or its affiliates are compensated
as a broker unless the Fund’s investors have consented based upon written disclosure to the Fund’s
investors of the capacity in which the Adviser or its affiliates will act.
If it appears that a trade error has occurred, the Adviser will review the relevant facts and circumstances
to determine an appropriate course of action. To the extent that trade errors and breaches of investment
guidelines and restrictions occur, the Adviser's error correction procedure is to ensure that
clients are
treated fairly and, following error correction, are in the same position they would have been if the error
had not occurred. The Adviser has discretion to resolve a particular error in any appropriate manner that
is consistent with the above stated policy.
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The Adviser recognizes that proxy voting is an important right of shareholders and reasonable care and
diligence must be undertaken to ensure that such rights are properly and timely exercised.
The Adviser is engaged in the fund-of-funds business (and to a limited extent the manager-of-managers
business). Where a funds-of-funds strategy is employed, the pooled investment vehicles do not hold
exchange-traded securities but rather hold limited partnership or limited liability company interests in
unregistered investment companies. From time to time, those entities may solicit consents for changes to
the terms of the governing documents of the company. Those decisions are tracked by the Adviser.
Where a manager-of-managers strategy is employed, the managed accounts may hold exchange traded
securities. For those accounts, the Adviser delegates proxy voting responsibility to the sub-adviser whose
investment strategy has precipitated the proxy receipt and who is in the best position to understand the
relationship of any matter for which proxies are sought to the sub-adviser’s own investment strategy. The
sub-adviser may use its own proxy voting policies and procedures to vote proxies of a managed account
if the Managing Director reviews and approves the use of those policies and procedures. To this end,
each Sub-Advisory Agreement states that, unless the Adviser gives written instructions to the contrary the
sub-adviser will vote all proxies solicited by or in respect of the issuers of portfolio securities held within
the managed account an and, in doing so, will use its best good faith judgment to vote such proxies in a
manner which best serves the interests of the Fund.
Should the Adviser become responsible for voting proxies of marketable securities that are not managed
by a third party manager, the Adviser complies with its proxy voting policies and procedures that are
designed to ensure that in cases where the Adviser votes proxies with respect to
client securities, such
proxies are voted in the best interests of its
clients.
The
clients’ investors may contact the Chief Compliance Officer, Kristina D. Sherman via telephone at
1-302-234-5750 ext. 624 in order to obtain information on how the Adviser voted the Funds’ proxies, and
to request a copy of the Adviser’s proxy voting policies and procedures. The Chief Compliance Officer will
prepare a written response to the investor that lists, with respect to each voted proxy that the investor has
inquired about: (1) the name of the underlying investment, (2) the proposal voted upon and (3) the vote
that was cast.
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