PINE RIVER CAPITAL MANAGEMENT L.P.
- Advisory Business
- Fees and Compensation
- Performance-Based Fees
- Types of Clients
- Methods of Analysis
- Disciplinary Information
- Other Activities
- Code of Ethics
- Brokerage Practices
- Review of Accounts
- Client Referrals
- Custody
- Investment Discretion
- Voting Client Securities
- Financial Information
Pine River Capital Management L.P. (“we,” “us,” or “Pine River”) is a Delaware limited partnership that commenced operations on May 4, 2002. Pine River’s general partner is Pine River Capital Management LLC. The Members of Pine River Capital Management LLC are Brian Taylor, Nick Nusbaum and Paul Richardson.
Pine River provides investment management services to private funds established by Pine River (“Pine River Funds”), to private funds or accounts established by Pine River or third parties for the sole benefit of a single investor (“Pine River Managed Accounts”), and to other legal entities, including two publicly-listed real estate investment trusts.
Pine River Funds. The Pine River Funds are private entities that have been formed by Pine River to provide a means by which qualified, sophisticated investors may pursue alternative investment strategies. For each such strategy, Pine River typically creates a master-feeder structure consisting of a master fund in the form of a Cayman Islands exempted company, and one or more feeder funds consisting of Cayman Islands exempted companies and Delaware limited partnerships or limited liability companies. The feeder funds invest substantially all of their capital into the related master fund. The master fund conducts the investment activities.
Managed Accounts. The Pine River Managed Accounts are private domestic or foreign accounts or entities, each of which is typically managed by Pine River for the benefit of one investor or group of investors.
The Pine River Funds and the Pine River Managed Accounts are referred to in this Brochure as “Funds” or “clients”. The individual investors in the Funds are referred to as “Investors”.
Pine River also provides investment management services to a publicly-listed real estate investment trust, Granite Point Mortgage Trust Inc. (“Granite Point”) [NYSE:GPMT]. Pine River’s wholly owned subsidiary, PRCM Advisers LLC, provides investment management services to a publicly-listed real estate investment trust, Two Harbors Investment Corp. (“Two Harbors”) [NYSE: TWO]. Unless expressly stated, the information in this Brochure does not relate to Two Harbors or Granite Point. For more information regarding Two Harbors or Granite Point, please see filings with the SEC, which are available on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov. Pine River has sole discretion to manage its clients’ investment portfolios. Generally, Pine River does not accept instructions from clients with respect to investments by or for their accounts. Pine River Managed Accounts can impose restrictions on investing in certain securities or types of securities. Pine River Managed Accounts can also negotiate other terms with Pine River. Pine River Managed Account restrictions and terms are formalized in advisory or subadvisory agreements with Pine River. As of March 1, 2020, Pine River managed approximately $6.5 billion in assets calculated on a net basis.
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The compensation each Fund pays Pine River is set forth in each Fund’s offering documents. Pine River, or an affiliate of Pine River, is generally compensated for its advisory services based on a percentage of assets under management (“Management Fee”). Pine River is authorized under the Funds’ offering documents to charge and deduct the Management Fee directly from the assets of the Funds. Additionally, Investors in certain Funds pay an affiliate of Pine River performance-based fees or allocations (“Incentive Fee/Allocation”).
Following is a schedule of the current fees paid to Pine River or its affiliates with respect to the Pine River Funds:
Pine River Fixed Income Master Fund Ltd. Pine River Fixed Income Fund Ltd. 0.5% Management Fee 0% Incentive Fee/Allocation Pine River Fixed Income Fund L.P. 0.5% Management Fee 0% Incentive Fee/Allocation Pine River Master Fund Ltd. Pine River Fund Ltd. (Class A, B, C and D) 0.5% Management Fee 0% Incentive Fee/Allocation Pine River Fund L.P. (Class A, B, C and D) 0.5% Management Fee 0% Incentive Fee/Allocation Pine River Special Opportunities Operating Master Fund LLC Pine River Special Opportunities Offshore Fund L.P. 1.5% Management Fee1 20% Carried Interest Pine River Special Opportunities Fund L.P. 1.5% Management Fee1 20% Carried Interest Pine River Volatility Arbitrage Master Fund Ltd. Pine River Precision Fund SPC for the account of Pine River Volatility Arbitrage S.P. (Founder’s Class) 0.5% Management Fee 15% Incentive Fee/Allocation Pine River Precision Fund SPC for the account of Pine River Volatility Arbitrage S.P. (Class II) 1.0% Management Fee 16% Incentive Fee/Allocation Pine River Precision Fund SPC for the account of Pine River Volatility Arbitrage S.P. (Class III) 1.25% Management Fee 18% Incentive Fee/Allocation Pine River Municipal Master Fund Ltd. Pine River Precision Fund SPC for the account of Pine River Municipal Fund S.P. 1.75% Management Fee 20% Incentive Fee/Allocation Pine River Municipal Fund Series, a Series of Pine River Precision Fund LLC 1.75% Management Fee 20% Incentive Fee/Allocation Pine River Relative Value Rates Master Fund Ltd. Pine River Relative Value Rates Fund Ltd. (Class A) 2.0% Management Fee 20% Incentive Fee/Allocation Pine River Relative Value Rates Fund Ltd. (Class B) 1.5% Management Fee 20% Incentive Fee/Allocation 1 Management fee is calculated based on the Investor’s “Management Fee Base.” Management Fee Base equals (i) during the investment period, the Investor’s aggregate capital contributions (less certain fees and expenses paid) and (ii) during the harvesting period, the Investor’s proportionate share of the cost basis of remaining investments. The Pine River Managed Accounts pay Management Fees and/or Incentive Fees/Allocations based on separately negotiated private contracts. Clients typically bear expenses borne by the Fund (directly or indirectly) that are trade related (“Trade Expenses”), the Fund’s administrative and operating expenses (“Fund-Specific Expenses”) and their share of certain ongoing expenses of Pine River and its affiliates that are not attributable to a specific Fund (“Ongoing Expenses”).
Trade Expenses paid by clients may include:
brokerage commissions, mark-ups, mark-downs, spreads and other transactional costs; trade-specific external legal expenses and other third-party fees and expenses incurred in connection with the evaluation of prospective transactions; trade-related travel and due diligence costs and expenses; redemption fees charged by other Pine River Funds (if any); interest expense; fees and costs incurred with respect to securing access to markets, investments and investment opportunities; custody costs and expenses; and clearing costs and expenses.
Trade Expenses with respect to the Pine River Funds are usually incurred at the master fund level. Trade Expenses applicable to more than one Pine River Fund are allocated in a fair and equitable manner among clients.
Fund-Specific Expenses may include:
third-party legal, audit and tax preparation expenses; other professional fees, administrator fees, director fees, registered office expenses and taxes; regulatory expenses incurred in connection with the Pine River Funds’ ongoing compliance with any laws, rules or regulations currently in effect or adopted in the future; and all expenses incurred in connection with any threatened, pending or anticipated litigation, examination or proceeding or as a result of the Fund’s obligation to indemnify Pine River, its affiliates, the administrator and certain other parties against losses, liabilities and expenses incurred in connection with the performance of their duties on behalf of, or the provision of services to, the Pine River Funds.
Fund-Specific Expenses applicable to more than one Pine River Fund are allocated in a fair and equitable manner among clients.
Ongoing Expenses may include: insurance (including a portion of the premiums for any directors’ and officers’ or errors and omissions coverage purchased by Pine River or its affiliates that would offset some portion of a Fund’s indemnity obligations), and may include premiums for an ERISA fidelity bond; research expenses; Bloomberg access and similar information technology services, information technology costs and telecommunications costs; Pine River or its affiliates’ computer software costs; salary and benefits (but not bonuses) payable to Pine River or its affiliates’ non-trading and non- managerial personnel who primarily work on behalf of Pine River’s various funds and accounts, including settlements and information technology personnel, fund accountants and internal legal counsel (to the extent they engage in fund-specific and account specific legal work); and other fees and expenses incurred by Pine River or its affiliates that are determined by Pine River, acting in good faith, to be attributable to the Funds. Ongoing Expenses are allocated in a fair and equitable manner among clients.
Pine River Funds may invest in each other. In such cases, Pine River waives, adjusts or offsets Management Fees and Incentive Fees/Allocations as necessary to avoid the layering or duplication of fees.
The Funds may invest in securities of investment companies (such as closed-end funds, open-end funds and exchange traded funds) that are not managed by Pine River or its affiliates. When a client invests in such investment companies it will incur layered fees. In other words, the client will pay fees to Pine River and also pay fees charged by the investment company. The fees include custodial, management, early termination and other expenses of the investment company.
Transactional Costs
The Funds’ expenses may represent a higher percentage of net assets than fees in other private investment funds. This is because many of the strategies used by the Funds require frequent trading. Portfolio turnover, brokerage commissions, and other transaction fees and expenses are increased by frequent trading (please refer to Item 12 for further details).
Side Letters and Other Agreements
The Funds and Pine River have entered into (and may enter into in the future) side letters and other agreements granting more favorable rights or terms to certain Investors. These rights or terms may include:
investment capacity rights to make future investments in a Fund, other investment vehicles or managed accounts; special liquidity or redemption or withdrawal rights relating to frequency, notice, fees, expedited payment of redemption or withdrawal proceeds and/or other terms; limitations on paying redemptions in kind; notice (which may be advance) of certain redemptions by partners of Pine River, notice of certain regulatory events with respect to Pine River, and rights to receive reports from a Fund on a more frequent basis or that include information not provided to other Investors (including more detailed information regarding portfolio positions); rights to receive reduced rates of the Incentive Fee/Allocation and/or the Management Fee; and limits on expenses that can be charged to such Investors. These agreements could create preferences or priorities for certain Investors as compared to other Investors. In particular, Investors that are Funds or affiliates of Pine River are not always subject to the same redemption or withdrawals limits and fees as other Investors. The Funds or Pine River may enter into these separate agreements without the consent of, or notice to, other Investors. Investors are not entitled to participate in any special arrangement without the prior approval of Pine River. Investors not offered a special arrangement do not have any right or claim against Pine River or the Funds.
Valuation Risk
Management Fees, Incentive Fees/Allocations and amounts due to or from Investors upon redeeming or withdrawing their investments from the Funds are based on valuation of the relevant Funds’ assets. Pine River determines the net asset value of each Fund on a monthly basis pursuant to a Valuation Policy that is administered by Pine River’s Valuation Committee. If a Fund has a third party administrator, the valuation is determined in coordination with the administrator. The net asset value of a Fund is based on the value of the individual investments of the Fund. Pine River may not be able to make timely and accurate valuations of certain of the Funds’ investments.
The valuation of investments is based on market data, independent third party information and other sources deemed reliable by Pine River in its good faith judgment. Nevertheless, there is a risk that any given determination of net asset value may be overstated or understated.
A conflict of interest exists in valuing the Funds’ investments, because Pine River has an incentive to value the Funds’ investments aggressively in order to improve reported performance, attract new Investors and increase Incentive Fees/Allocations.
On an annual basis, the net asset value of each Pine River Fund is audited by the Fund’s independent auditors. Net asset value calculations may be adjusted following the year-end audit. Incentive Fees/Allocations charged at year- end based on unrealized gains are not subject to reversal or offset due to subsequent realized or unrealized losses.
Pine River’s valuation determinations are conclusive and binding on all Investors, and cannot be challenged after the annual audit.
Fee Payment
The specific manner that Management Fees and Incentive Fees/Allocations are charged by Pine River is stated in each Fund’s offering memorandum and other governing documents. The terms of the Funds’ governing documents supersede this Brochure. Upon an Investor withdrawing or redeeming its investment, any prepaid, unearned fees will be promptly refunded, and any earned, unpaid fees will be due and payable.
Investors in the Pine River Funds pay Pine River, or an affiliate of Pine River, for its Management Fees on a monthly basis in advance. The Pine River Funds do not provide for the rebate of any portion of a Management Fee after it has been paid; because redemptions and withdrawals are only permitted as of the last day of a month, there is no foreseeable circumstance under which a claim for a rebate of Management Fees could arise. Pine River Funds’ independent third party administrators verify Pine River’s fee calculations. Managed account clients may negotiate different fee payment arrangements. Fees due to Pine River are paid from clients’ custodial accounts. Investors’ capital accounts are reduced by the amount of such fees. Neither Pine River nor any of Pine River’s supervised persons receive compensation in connection with the sale of securities or other investments to the Funds. please register to get more info
As set forth in Item 5, Pine River has entered into Incentive Fee/Allocation arrangements with certain clients which are paid to an affiliate of Pine River. In valuing clients’ assets to calculate Incentive Fees/Allocations, Pine River includes realized and unrealized gains and losses. The calculation and payment of Incentive Fees/Allocations must comply (a) with the requirements of Rule 205-3 under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended and (b) during any time that the assets of a Fund are considered to be “plan assets” for purposes of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended (“ERISA”) and Section 4975 of the United States Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), with the requirements of ERISA and related regulations. Performance-based fee arrangements may create an incentive for Pine River to recommend investments that are riskier or more speculative than those that it might recommend under a flat fee arrangement. Performance-based fee arrangements also may create an incentive to favor higher fee paying clients over other clients.
Pine River has policies and procedures in place related to the allocation of investments and investment opportunities. If Pine River determines that an investment or trading opportunity is appropriate for more than one Fund, then Pine River allocates such investment or trading opportunity among Funds in a manner that Pine River determines, exercising its judgment in good faith, to be fair and equitable, taking into consideration all allocations among such Funds taken as a whole. Pine River is not required to provide every opportunity to every Fund, or to allocate opportunities on a pre-determined basis. please register to get more info
Pine River provides investment management services to Pine River Funds, Pine River Managed Accounts, and to other legal entities, including two publicly-traded real estate investment trusts (please refer to Item 4 for further details).
Investors in the Pine River Funds are generally limited to:
(1) non-“U.S. persons,” or
(2) (a) U.S. investors who are “accredited investors,” as defined in Regulation D under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended and (b) certain U.S. persons who are “qualified purchasers” or “knowledgeable employees” as defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended and its underlying regulations.
Pine River offers investment in the Funds on a private basis to a limited number of qualified institutional and high net worth Investors that meet such criteria. Investors must also be financially sophisticated and able to bear the substantial risks of an investment in the Fund, including the loss of the entire investment.
Pine River generally requires a minimum initial investment of $1,000,000 from each Investor for each Fund. The Fixed Income Funds (defined below), the Pine River Master Funds (defined below) Classes C and D, and the Special Opportunities Funds (defined below) have different minimum initial investment amounts which are set forth in their offering memoranda. The Funds generally require minimum additional investments of $100,000. Pine River may accept investments for lesser amounts in its discretion, but may not in any event accept amounts below the relevant statutory minimum, if any. Pine River reserves the right to reject any investment in whole or in part. Pine River also reserves the right to terminate, suspend or postpone investments in any Fund at any time without notice. Investment in a Pine River Managed Account is available only to the Investor or group of Investors for whom the Pine River Managed Account was established. An Investor in a Pine River Managed Account is subject to the criteria and limitations set forth in the governing documents for the applicable Pine River Managed Account. please register to get more info
Investing in securities involves risk of loss that clients should be prepared to bear. Investment Strategies
Each Pine River Fund pursues an investment strategy described in its offering memorandum, as summarized below. In each case, the following summaries are not intended to be a complete statement of the investment strategies and related risks of the applicable Pine River Funds. Investors should review the full offering memorandum and other governing documents for a given Fund for a complete statement of the strategy and risks relating to such Fund. The terms of the Pine River Funds’ offering memoranda and other governing documents supersede the disclosures contained in this Brochure. Investment Strategy and Objective of Pine River Fixed Income Master Fund Ltd. Feeder Funds: Pine River Fixed Income Fund Ltd. and Pine River Fixed Income Fund L.P.
The Pine River Fixed Income Master Fund Ltd., Pine River Fixed Income Fund Ltd. and Pine River Fixed Income Fund L.P. (the “Fixed Income Funds”) are in the press of being liquidated and are not open to new investors.
Prior to the determination to liquidate, the investment objective of the Fixed Income Funds was to generate superior risk-adjusted returns that were not correlated to the general equity and debt markets by investing and trading primarily in mortgage-backed securities and related fixed-income investment opportunities.
The primary strategy of the Fixed Income Funds was to identify, trade and invest in mortgage-backed securities that Pine River believed were undervalued or mis-priced relative to similar securities. In addition, the Fixed Income Funds were permitted to engage in other investing and trading strategies pertaining to the mortgage- backed securities and fixed-income markets that were consistent with its investment objective, including U.S. municipal securities and the equities of financial institutions involved in the mortgage markets. The Fixed Income Funds were permitted to invest in private and illiquid investments, including the privately issued debt and equity securities of operating companies and private investment funds that pursued strategies that were complementary to the Fixed Incomes Funds’ strategies.
The Fixed Income Funds invested and traded in a wide variety of instruments in pursuit of their strategy, including securities that are based on fixed-rate mortgages, adjustable rate mortgages, interest-only mortgages and mortgages with varying maturity dates; collateralized mortgage obligations; interest-only or principal-only securities; “TBAs” (trades in mortgage-backed securities to be delivered by a U.S. government-sponsored mortgage entity at a future date); mortgage REITs (real estate investment trusts that hold mortgages and mortgage-backed securities); and securities representing the rights to certain portions of the principal and/or interest payments from a pool of mortgages. In addition, the Fixed Income Funds were permitted to invest a portion of their assets in other instruments that Pine River believed were attractive and complementary to the Fixed Income Funds’ core strategy, including asset-backed securities, municipal securities, convertible bonds, preferred securities, common stock and warrants, global sovereign bonds, equity securities, currency futures and derivatives of the foregoing. Investment Strategy and Objective of Pine River Master Fund Ltd. Feeder Funds: Pine River Fund Ltd. and Pine River Fund L.P. The Pine River Master Fund Ltd., Pine River Fund Ltd. and Pine River Fund L.P. (the “Pine River Master Funds”) are in the process of liquidation and are not open to new investors. Prior to the determination to liquidate, the investment objective of the Pine River Master Funds was to seek to generate superior risk-adjusted returns across global markets by investing directly and via other Pine River Funds, in strategies with significant non-correlation to the general equity and debt markets, primarily employing “relative value” strategies; that is, strategies that seek to be profitable regardless of whether broader market indices rise or fall. The Pine River Master Funds’ strategies included the use of market judgment and/or mathematical or statistical techniques to identify perceived mis-pricings of securities the price movements of which are significantly correlated, and to capture the value inherent in those mis-pricings by trading long and short positions in those securities.
The Pine River Master Funds were permitted to take outright directional market positions when such positions were thought to be complementary to or were reasonably viewed as hedges to the core strategy.
Investment Strategy and Objective of Pine River Special Opportunities Operating Master Fund LLC, Pine River Special Opportunities Fund L.P. and Pine River Special Opportunities Offshore Fund L.P.
The investment objective of the Pine River Special Opportunities Operating Master Fund LLC, Pine River Special Opportunities Fund L.P. and Pine River Special Opportunities Offshore Fund L.P. (the “Special Opportunities Funds”) is to seek to generate attractive risk-adjusted returns through long-biased, opportunistic and special situation investments in asset-backed and other credit-related products. The Special Opportunities Funds are in their harvesting period and are not open to new investors.
The Special Opportunities Funds participate in diversified lending opportunities, including providing warehouse financing and revolving credit lines, in addition to creating securitized credit products, of which the Special Opportunities Funds may retain certain tranches.
In certain cases, the Special Opportunities Funds may hold loans for their full term. In other cases, however, Pine River may sell all or part of a loan prior to maturity, seeking to capitalize on advantageous market conditions. Another desirable exit strategy for loans acquired by the Special Opportunities Funds might be a pooling and securitization of such loans.
Some of the loans involve accompanying equity investments, including common and preferred stock, options, warrants or other forms of actual or contingent equity in a borrower’s or a related entity’s capital structure.
Investment Strategy and Objective of Pine River Volatility Arbitrage Master Fund Ltd. Feeder Fund: Pine River Precision Fund SPC for the account of Pine River Volatility Arbitrage S.P. Pine River Volatility Arbitrage Master Fund Ltd. and Pine River Precision Fund SPC for the account of Pine River Volatility Arbitrage S.P. (the “Volatility Arbitrage Funds”) seek to generate superior risk-adjusted returns by identifying and exploiting relative mispricings across markets relating to volatility levels, term structure and skew of individual securities, indices, and various other types of financial instruments. Volatility arbitrage strategies utilize options and other derivatives (such as futures, forwards or over-the counter options on bonds, equities, indices, commodities, currencies and interest rates) as a means of trading changes in market volatility, regardless of directional movements in the underlying security. Pine River analyzes and evaluates volatility through the use of statistical and quantitative models, as well as analysis of capital structure, event catalysts and the structured products markets. The Volatility Arbitrage Funds expect to use significant leverage to finance its investment operations and enhance returns. Investment Strategy and Objective of Pine River Municipal Master Fund Ltd. Feeder Funds: Pine River Municipal Fund Series, a Series of Pine River Precision Fund LLC and Pine River Precision Fund SPC for the account of Pine River Municipal Fund S.P. Pine River Municipal Master Fund Ltd., Pine River Municipal Fund Series, a Series of Pine River Precision Fund LLC and Pine River Precision Fund SPC for the account of Pine River Municipal Fund S.P. (the “Municipal Funds”) pursue a relative value, absolute return strategy and seek to generate superior risk-adjusted returns by identifying and capturing opportunities within the United States municipal bond market and related markets, which the Pine River views as fragmented, inefficient and retail dominated. The Municipal Funds intend to focus on what Pine River perceives to be diversified, high quality bonds.
Pine River uses a dynamic hedging strategy that seeks to hedge the Master Fund’s investments against movements in interest rates. The hedging strategy uses a variety of instruments including U.S. Treasury bonds, U.S. Treasury futures, Libor swaps and swaptions, Municipal Market Data Rate Locks, municipal bond exchange traded fund shorts and options, and other viable rate or credit hedges. No hedging strategy can guard against all risks, or eliminate entirely the risks it seeks to limit and there can be no assurance that Pine River will identify all risks that can or should be hedged, or that it will successfully hedge against the risks it does identify.
Investment Strategy and Objective of Pine River Relative Value Rates Master Fund Ltd. Feeder Funds: Pine River Relative Value Rates Fund Ltd. and Pine River Relative Value Rates Fund L.P. The primary strategy of Pine River Relative Value Rates Master Fund Ltd., Pine River Relative Value Rates Fund Ltd. and Pine River Relative Value Rates Fund L.P. (the “Relative Value Rates Funds”) is to trade and invest in global sovereign bonds and related securities that Pine River believes are undervalued or mis-priced relative to similar securities. In addition, the Relative Value Rates Funds may engage in other investing and trading strategies pertaining to the global sovereign bond markets that are consistent with its investment objective. Substantially all of the Relative Value Rates Funds’ investments are expected to be in publicly-traded or other relatively liquid securities.
The Relative Value Rates Funds employ strategies that seek to be profitable regardless of whether broader market indices rise or fall. From time to time, however, the Relative Value Rates Funds may also take positions in financial instruments that may be correlated to the broader markets when such positions are thought to be complementary to or are reasonably viewed as hedges to the Relative Value Rates Funds’ core strategies.
The Relative Value Rates Funds seek to enhance risk-based financial returns through the use of high leverage for many of their investment positions, and intend to maintain a significant portion of their assets in cash and other liquid securities in order to support the leverage of their investment positions. Pine River may use hedging techniques to reduce certain risks associated with the Relative Value Rates Funds’ investment strategies. No hedging strategy can guard against all risks, or eliminate entirely the risks it seeks to limit and there can be no assurance that Pine River will identify all risks that can or should be hedged, or that it will successfully hedge against the risks it does identify. The Relative Value Rates Funds expect to invest and trade in a wide variety of financial instruments in pursuit of their objective, focusing primarily on global sovereign bonds and related securities and derivatives. In addition, from time to time the Relative Value Rates Funds may invest a portion of the Relative Value Rates Funds’ assets in other financial instruments that Pine River believes are attractive and complementary to the Relative Value Rates Funds’ core strategy. These may be only indirectly related to the core strategy, and may include asset-backed securities, convertible bonds, preferred securities, common stock and warrants.
LIQUIDITY RISK
Illiquidity of Shares Investments in the Funds are illiquid and should only be acquired by Investors able to commit their funds for an indefinite period. Investors are not permitted to transfer their interests without the consent of the applicable Fund. Investors should not expect a Fund to grant its consent to transfers. There is currently no market for interests in the Funds, and none is expected to develop. Investors in the Pine River Funds are subject to different redemption or withdrawal limitations, as summarized in the chart below:
Fund Liquidity Gate
Pine River Fixed Income Funds N/A2 N/A
Pine River Master Funds (Class A and B) N/A2 N/A
Pine River Master Funds (Class C and D) N/A2 N/A
Pine River Special Opportunities Funds No voluntary redemptions or withdrawals permitted No voluntary redemptions or withdrawals permitted Pine River Volatility Arbitrage Funds Quarterly on 60-day notice3 None3
Pine River Municipal Funds Monthly on 90-day notice None Pine River Relative Value Rates Funds (Class A) Quarterly on 60-day notice None Pine River Relative Value Rates Funds (Class B) Quarterly on 60-day notice, subject to 12-month lock-up period None In addition to the redemption or withdrawal limitations described above, the Funds have broad authority to suspend redemptions or withdrawals and the payment of redemption or withdrawal proceeds under certain circumstances. In such an event, Investors in a Fund that has suspended redemptions or withdrawals may remain invested in a Fund indefinitely. As a result of these limitations, Investors may not be able to liquidate their investments in the Funds at will. Accordingly, Investors should only invest in the Funds if they are willing and able to commit their funds on an illiquid basis for an extended period. 2 The Pine River Fixed Income Funds and the Pine River Master Funds are currently in liquidation and no voluntary redemptions or withdrawals are permitted. Pro-rata distributions of available cash will be made until the funds are fully liquidated. 3 Currently quarterly, 60-day notice with no gate through September 30, 2020; 45-day notice with 25% investor level gate after September 30, 2020.
STRATEGY RISKS
No Formal Diversification Policies Pine River is not restricted as to the percentage of a Fund’s assets that may be invested in any particular geographic location, issuer, industry, instrument, market or strategy. The Funds do not have any fixed guidelines for diversifying their portfolio among geographic location, issuers, industries, instruments, markets or strategies. Therefore, the Funds’ portfolios could be relatively concentrated in certain types of securities and issuers. As a result, the Funds’ investment portfolios are subject to more rapid changes in value, than if they were more diversified.
Mortgage-Backed Securities Many of the Pine River Funds invest a portion of their capital in strategies based on residential mortgage-backed securities. During the “financial crisis” of 2008-09 and thereafter, mortgage-backed securities markets experienced unprecedented volatility, particularly in the sub-prime sector, causing significant losses to some investors. At times certain mortgage-backed securities have become difficult to value, and the markets for some securities have become very illiquid. In some cases the market has severely underestimated the risks inherent in these instruments, including the risks of homeowner default and risks relating to declining real estate values. Mortgage-backed securities that are issued by U.S. government-sponsored agencies are less exposed to credit risk and the risk of decreasing collateral values. These securities have not suffered the same volatility or illiquidity suffered by some other mortgage-backed securities, but there can be no assurance that this will continue to be the case. There also exists the possibility with respect to residential mortgage-backed securities that principal may be prepaid at any time due to, among other reasons, prepayments on the underlying mortgage loans. The rate of prepayments on underlying mortgages affects the price and volatility of a mortgage-backed security, may have the effect of shortening or extending the effective maturity beyond what was anticipated, and may require a Fund to reinvest assets at an inopportune time, which may expose the Fund to a lower rate of return. Convertible Securities Arbitrage Many of the Pine River Funds invest in and trade convertible securities, which are securities that may be exchanged or converted into a predetermined number of the issuer’s underlying shares or the shares of another company, or securities that are indexed to an unmanaged market index, at the option of the holder during a specified time period. Convertible securities exhibit characteristics of both equity and debt instruments, and while this complexity creates opportunities for the Funds it also exposes the Funds to risks particular to these securities. Convertible securities arbitrage generally involves acquiring convertible securities and selling short a corresponding amount of the underlying equity security, although this relationship may be reversed. There are many associated risks that can affect the results of this strategy, including the following: (i) dramatically rising interest rates or escalating market volatility may adversely affect the relationship between securities; (ii) convertible securities tend to be significantly less liquid and have wider bid/offer spreads than equity securities, making it more difficult to enter and profitably exit such trades; (iii) convertible arbitrage involves an inherently imperfect and dynamic hedging relationship and must be adjusted from time to time (and the failure to make timely or appropriate adjustments may limit profitability or lead to losses); (iv) convertible arbitrage involves selling securities short, with the attendant risk of loss and the costs of locating shares available for borrowing; and (v) the prices of the securities involved may be materially adversely affected by changes in the dividend policy of the underlying common equity, changes in the issuer’s credit rating or unexpected merger or other extraordinary transactions affecting the convertible security or common equity. Relative Value Strategies The Funds frequently pursue relative value strategies by taking long positions in securities believed to be undervalued and short positions in securities believed to be overvalued. Relative value strategies seek to reduce exposure to the risk of overall market price movements, but in pursuing such strategies a Fund remains exposed to the risks of disruptions in historical price relationships, the restricted availability of credit and the obsolescence of its valuation models. Relative value strategies include taking long positions in securities believed to be undervalued and short positions in securities believed to be overvalued. Although such relative value positions are sometimes considered to have lower risk than directional trades, they are by no means without risk. Mis-pricings, even if correctly identified, may not be corrected by the market within the time frame within which the Funds maintain their positions. Even pure “riskless” arbitrage can result in significant losses if the arbitrage is not able to be sustained until expiration (due to securities borrowing recalls or margin calls, for example) and the Funds rarely engage in true arbitrage as opposed to relative value trading, which is inherently a higher-risk strategy. In the event that the perceived mis-pricings underlying such trading positions fail to converge toward, or diverge further from, Pine River’s expectations, a Fund may incur losses. A number of relative value strategies have incurred major losses from time to time during periods when historical pricing relationships became disrupted, dealers restricted credit and market liquidity declined. Directional Trading Certain of the positions taken by the Funds may be designed to profit from forecasting absolute price movements in a particular instrument. Predicting future prices is inherently uncertain and the losses incurred, if the market moves against a position, may not be hedged. The speculative aspect of attempting to predict absolute price movements is generally perceived to exceed that involved in attempting to predict relative price fluctuations. Further, to the extent the Funds engage in directional trading, they become less “market neutral.”
Tail Hedge Strategy
The “tail hedge” strategy pursued by the Funds can be expected to suffer losses during periods of market stability or generally improving market conditions. Pine River will not attempt to predict the duration of such periods, or to reduce its investments or exposure during such periods. The “tail hedge” strategy component of a Fund’s portfolio could experience substantial on-going losses. Moreover, the gains to such strategy that are anticipated when tail risk events occur may not be sufficient to offset the losses that such strategy suffers at other times. The “tail hedge” strategy may lose money over an extended period. Capital Structure Arbitrage The success of the Funds’ capital structure arbitrage strategies will depend on Pine River’s ability to identify and exploit inefficiencies in the pricing of credit risk within a company’s capital structure. There can be no assurance that Pine River will be able to locate investment opportunities or to correctly exploit price discrepancies. Any reduction in the pricing inefficiency of the markets in which the Funds invest will reduce the scope for the Funds’ investment strategies. In the event that the perceived mis-pricings underlying the Funds’ positions fail to materialize, these investment strategies could be unsuccessful or result in losses. Credit Arbitrage Strategy The success of the credit arbitrage investment strategy depends on the success of several credit-based trading sub- strategies. Structured product arbitrage strategies involve the purchase or sale of various categories of structured products and derivatives. Structured product arbitrage may involve purchasing or selling default risk on a basket of credit instruments either outright or while concurrently buying or selling risk on particular credit instruments that may or may not be components of the basket. Pine River will generally be long or short on certain components of the basket and will attempt to hedge against overall spread compression or widening spread risk in the credit markets. Pine River expects the total return of the basket of credit instruments to be correlated to the direction of the overall credit markets. No assurance can be given that Pine River will be able to locate investment opportunities or exploit pricing inefficiencies. Spread or Arbitrage Trading The Funds’ trading operations may involve spreads and arbitrage trades between two or more positions. Arbitrage strategies attempt to take advantage of perceived price discrepancies of identical or similar financial instruments, on different markets or in different forms. To the extent the price relationships between such positions remain constant, no gain or loss on the positions will be recognized; to the extent that the requisite elements of an arbitrage strategy are not properly analyzed, or unexpected events or price movements intervene, the high degree of leverage typically applied may increase the Funds’ losses. Event-Driven Strategies The Funds may invest in event-driven strategies, that is, strategies that seek to profit from anticipated events affecting specific companies or securities. If and when Pine River determines that it is probable that a proposed merger, exchange offer, cash tender offer or other similar transaction will be consummated, a Fund may purchase securities at prices that may be only slightly below the anticipated value to be paid or exchanged for the securities in the proposed transaction. The purchase price to the Fund may be substantially above the prices at which such securities traded immediately prior to the announcement of such transaction. If the proposed transaction appears likely not to be consummated or in fact is not consummated or is delayed, or if the value of a transaction is reduced, the market price of the security to be tendered or exchanged may, and likely will, decline sharply by an amount greater than the difference between the Fund’s purchase price and the anticipated consideration to be paid. If Pine River determines that the offer price for a security which is the subject of a tender offer is likely to be increased, either by the original bidder or by another party, the Fund may purchase securities above the offer price, thereby exposing the Fund to an increased risk of loss. Event driven investing is risky, and the returns tend to be unpredictable. This element of a Fund’s portfolio therefore adds volatility to the Fund’s performance. Because of the inherently speculative nature of event driven investing, the results of the Master Fund’s operations should be expected to fluctuate from period to period. Unannounced Transactions The Funds may make speculative purchases of securities which the Funds believe to be undervalued by the marketplace, securities in which a significant position has been acquired by one or more other persons, or securities of an issuer in the same or a related industry as other companies that have been the subject of an attempted acquisition. If a Fund purchases securities in anticipation of an acquisition attempt or reorganization which does not occur, the Fund may sell the securities at a substantial loss. In addition, when securities are purchased in anticipation of an acquisition attempt or reorganization, substantial time may elapse between the Fund’s purchase of securities and the acquisition or reorganization. In such cases, a portion of the Fund’s funds would be committed during this period to the securities purchased, and would not be available for other investing activities. The Fund would also incur interest charges on any funds borrowed to purchase the securities. Hedging Strategy The Funds employ various hedging strategies in an effort to minimize certain risk. The objective in hedging is not to eliminate all risk, but rather to isolate and trade with respect to only those risks that are related to the applicable investment strategy. Many hedging strategies only approximately hedge against the perceived risks that they are intended to hedge. There can be no assurance that Pine River will identify all risks that can or should be hedged, or that it will successfully hedge against the risks it does identify. The hedging of risks is fundamental to Pine River’s strategy, yet after taking into consideration the availability, costs and benefits of hedging, Pine River may only partially hedge positions (or not at all). Further, Pine River may determine that it is economically unattractive, or otherwise undesirable, to hedge against certain risks (either with respect to particular positions or to the overall portfolio) and instead may rely on diversification among instruments, strategies and markets to offset such risks. Long/Short Equity Strategies The success of the long/short investment strategy depends upon Pine River’s ability to identify and purchase financial instruments that are undervalued and identify and sell short financial instruments that are overvalued. The identification of investment opportunities in the implementation of Pine River’s long/short investment strategies is a difficult task, and there are no assurances that such opportunities will be successfully recognized or acquired. In the event that the perceived opportunities underlying a Fund’s positions were to fail to converge toward, or were to diverge further from values expected by Pine River, the Fund may incur a loss. In the event of market disruptions, significant losses can be incurred which may force the Fund to close out one or more positions. Furthermore, the valuation models used to determine whether a position presents an attractive opportunity consistent with the Pine River’s long/short strategies may become outdated and inaccurate as market conditions change. Particular Risks of Investing in China Investments in Chinese companies may involve certain risks and special considerations not typically associated with investments made in developed markets, such as greater government control over the economy, political and legal uncertainty, currency fluctuations or blockage, confiscatory taxation, armed conflict, the risk that the Chinese government may decide not to continue to support economic reform programs, the risk of nationalization or expropriation of assets, lack of uniform auditing and accounting standards, potential difficulties in the settlement and recording of transactions, less regulation and monitoring of the Chinese securities markets, companies and activities of investors, brokers and other participants, less publicly available financial and other information, fewer hedging instruments available, potential difficulties in enforcing contractual obligations, potentially fewer opportunities for capital appreciation than other emerging market and limitations on the ability to pay dividends due to currency exchange issues. For example, Funds’ exposure to A-shares by means of market access products may be disrupted, leading to substantial losses, if changes are adopted in any applicable law or regulations and as a result, the issue of such instruments is prohibited or restricted. Credit Analysis and Credit Risk The investment strategies utilized by Pine River may require accurate and detailed credit analysis of issuers. There can be no assurance that Pine River will have access to accurate, complete information with respect to the subjects of its analysis or that Pine River’s credit analysis, even with access to current information, will prove to be correct. The Funds may be subject to losses, which could be substantial, in the event of credit deterioration or bankruptcy of one or more issuers in its portfolio. While a Fund may hedge its credit risk with short positions in both cash and synthetic holdings, there can be no assurance that such Fund will have the ability to establish such hedges in the market place or that such hedges, if established, will offset losses.
INVESTMENT OR PRODUCT RISKS
Futures Contracts and Futures Options The Funds trade futures and futures options for investment and hedging purposes. The prices of such contracts are highly volatile. In investing in futures, Pine River must be able to analyze correctly the underlying markets, which are influenced by, among other things, changing supply and demand relationships, governmental, commercial and trade programs and policies, world political and economic events and changes in interest rates. Moreover, investments in futures and options contracts involve significant leverage (i.e., margin is usually only 5% to 15% of the face value of the contract and exposure can be nearly unlimited), and as a result, a relatively small price movement in a futures contract may result in substantial losses to the investor. Derivatives The Funds make extensive use of various derivative instruments for hedging and other trading purposes, including warrants, options, convertible securities, credit derivatives, futures contracts and options thereon and interest- rate, equity and other swaps. The use of derivative instruments involves a variety of material risks, including the high degree of leverage often embedded in such instruments and the possibility of counterparty non-performance. In addition, the derivatives markets are frequently characterized by limited liquidity, which can make it difficult as well as costly to a Fund to close out open positions in order to realize gains or limit losses. The pricing relationships between derivatives and the instruments underlying such derivatives may not be correlated with historical patterns, resulting in unexpected losses. Some of the derivative instruments traded by the Funds are principal-to-principal or “over-the-counter” (“OTC”) contracts between a Fund and a third party entered into privately, rather than on an established exchange. In such cases, the Fund will not be afforded the regulatory protections of an exchange or its clearinghouse, or of a government regulator that oversees the exchange or clearinghouse, if a counterparty fails to perform. In privately negotiated transactions, the risk of the negotiated price deviating materially from fair value is substantial, particularly when there is no active market available from which to derive benchmark prices. Many derivatives are valued on the basis of dealer pricing. However, the price at which dealers value a particular derivative and the price which the same dealers would actually be willing to pay for such derivative may be materially different. Such differences may materially adversely affect a Fund in situations in which the Fund is required to sell derivative instruments. Derivatives, including CDS (see below) and options thereon, also may present documentation and settlement risk due to the complexity of the documentation of derivatives contracts (notwithstanding the industry’s effort to standardize forms), variation among dealers of the terms of such derivative contracts and the historical absence of a centralized clearing facility for many such instruments. A Fund will usually have a contractual relationship only with the counterparty of a synthetic security, and not with the reference obligor for the reference obligation. The Fund generally will not have a right to directly enforce compliance by the reference obligor with the terms of the reference obligation or any rights of setoff against the reference obligor with respect to the reference obligation. The Fund will not directly benefit from any collateral supporting the reference obligation and will not have the benefit of the remedies that normally would be available to a holder of such reference obligation. In addition, in the event of the insolvency of the counterparty, the Fund will be treated as a general creditor of such counterparty, and will not have any claim with respect to the reference obligation. The Fund will be subject to the credit risk of the counterparty as well as that of the reference obligor. As a result, concentrations of synthetic securities in any one counterparty subject the securities to an additional degree of risk with respect to defaults by such counterparty. The parties to derivatives agreements typically agree to post cash collateral when the value of the underlying reference obligation moves outside a specified range. Failure to timely post cash collateral may give the party to whom such collateral is owed the right to terminate not only the position in question but all derivatives transactions between the parties. The Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (the “Dodd-Frank Reform Act”) mandates that a substantial portion of OTC derivatives be executed in regulated markets and be submitted for clearing to regulated clearinghouses (“Central Clearing”). The CFTC has implemented Central Clearing rules for certain OTC derivatives and the SEC may implement such rules in the future. OTC trades submitted for clearing are subject to minimum initial and variation margin requirements set by the relevant clearinghouse, as well as margin requirements mandated by the CFTC, the SEC and/or federal prudential regulators. Additionally, when trading cleared OTC derivatives, a Fund will not face a clearinghouse directly but rather will do so through a member of the clearinghouse. Clearing members typically demand the unilateral ability to increase a Fund’s margin requirements for cleared OTC trades beyond any regulatory and clearinghouse minimums. In addition to Central Clearing requirements, the CFTC imposes, and the SEC in the future may impose, margin requirements on non-cleared OTC derivatives, which apply to the holding of customer collateral by OTC derivatives dealers. These requirements may increase the amount of collateral a Fund is required to provide and the costs associated with providing it.
The CFTC also requires, and the SEC in the future may require, certain derivative transactions that were previously executed on a bi-lateral basis in the OTC markets be executed through a regulated exchange or execution facility. Such requirements may make it more difficult and costly for the Funds to enter into highly tailored or customized transactions. They may also render certain strategies in which a Fund might otherwise engage impossible or so costly that they will no longer be economical to implement.
Short Sales The Funds may sell securities short in implementing their trading strategies. Short sales can, in certain circumstances, substantially increase the impact of adverse price movements on a Fund’s portfolio. A short sale involves the risk of a theoretically unlimited increase in the market price of the particular investment sold short. Because the borrowed securities sold short must later be repurchased in the market, any appreciation in the market price of these securities results in a loss. Purchasing securities to close out the short position can itself cause their market price to rise further, increasing losses. Further, a Fund may be prematurely forced to close out a short position if a counterparty from which the Fund borrowed securities demands their return or increases the borrowing costs. There can be no assurance that securities necessary to cover a short position will be available for purchase. Short selling in certain markets (for example, in the Asian securities markets) may be subject to materially more restrictive regulations, or as a practical matter be materially more difficult to do, than in U.S. and other developed markets. In response to the events of 2008–2009, certain restrictions, including the modified “uptick” rule and more stringent enforcement of the need to have a locatee in order to short, have been imposed in the U.S., which have made short selling materially more difficult and expensive. Credit Default Swap Agreements The Funds invest in and trade credit default swap agreements (“CDSs”) and uses them in its hedging strategies. The “buyer” of a CDS is obligated to pay the “seller” a periodic stream of payments over the term of the contract in return for a contingent payment upon the occurrence of a credit event with respect to an underlying reference obligation. If a credit event occurs, the seller must pay the contingent payment to the buyer, which is typically the full notional value of the reference obligation, in exchange for either physical delivery of the underlying instrument or a cash-settled recovery amount. Investing in CDSs involves greater risks than investing in the reference obligation directly. In addition to general market risks, CDSs are subject to liquidity risk and credit risk. CDSs are a relatively new form of financial instrument, but the volume of trading in CDSs has grown rapidly in recent years. The size and relative immaturity of the CDS market may expose the Funds to large and unexpected risks. During periods of economic stress the CDS market may not function as expected and may experience disruption, illiquidity, counterparty default, extreme volatility or imperfect price discovery.
The regulation of CDS transactions and funds that engage in such transactions is an evolving area of law and is subject to modification by government and judicial action. In the U.S., legislation banning, imposing clearing or exchange listing requirements on, and expanding regulatory authority over, certain types of CDSs, including the Dodd-Frank Reform Act, has been introduced and more is expected. Similar legislation has been proposed in the New York Assembly and elsewhere. Any regulations that restrict the ability of the Funds to trade, or broker- dealers and counterparties to issue, CDSs in connection with the Funds’ activities or that subject the Funds to additional regulation could significantly adversely affect the Fund and its profit potential and may make it impossible for Pine River to implement its investment and risk management strategies on behalf of the Funds. Options The funds invest and trade in many forms of options. The purchase or sale of an option involves the payment or receipt of a premium by the investor and the corresponding right or obligation, as the case may be, to either purchase or sell the underlying security, commodity or other instrument for a specific price at a certain time or during a certain period. Purchasing options involves the risk that the underlying instrument will not change price in the manner expected, so that the investor loses its premium. Selling options involves potentially greater risk because the investor is exposed to the extent of the actual price movement in the underlying security rather than only the premium payment received, which could result in a potentially unlimited loss. OTC options also involve counterparty solvency risk. The Funds may engage in spreads or other combination options transactions involving the purchase and sale of related options and futures contracts. “Spread” trading, as it involves offsetting “relative value” positions, may be executed on a highly leveraged basis and is subject to the risk of sudden illiquidity in the markets, making it impossible, for example, to close out one “leg” of the spread. Pine River may cause the Funds to buy or sell OTC options – options on securities that are not traded on a securities exchange and are not issued or cleared by an internationally recognized clearing corporation. The risk of nonperformance by the obligor on such an option may be greater, and the ease with which Pine River can dispose of such an option may be less, than in the case of an exchange traded option issued by an internationally recognized clearing corporation. Forward Contracts Forward contracts and options thereon, unlike futures contracts, are not traded on exchanges and are not standardized; rather banks and dealers act as principals in these markets, negotiating each transaction on an individual basis. There is no limitation on daily price movements and speculative position limits are not applicable. The principals who deal in the forward markets are not required to continue to make markets in the commodities they trade and these markets can experience periods of illiquidity, sometimes of significant duration. There have been periods during which certain participants in these markets have refused to quote prices for certain commodities or have quoted prices with an unusually wide spread between the price at which they were prepared to buy and that at which they were prepared to sell. Disruptions can occur in any market traded by the Funds due to unusually high trading volume, political intervention or other factors. The imposition of credit controls by governmental authorities might also limit such forward trading to less than that which Pine River otherwise recommend, to the possible detriment of the Funds. In their forward trading, the Funds may be subject to the risk of the failure of, or the inability or refusal to perform with respect to its forward contracts by, the counterparties with which the Funds trade. Assets on deposit with such principals will also generally not be protected by the same segregation requirements imposed on CFTC-regulated commodity brokers in respect of customer funds on deposit with them. Accordingly, the insolvency or bankruptcy of such parties could also subject the Funds to the risk of loss. Corporate Securities Prices for corporate securities in general, including corporate bonds, equities, convertible bonds, options, derivatives, etc., are affected by numerous, often complex and interrelated, factors. A non-exhaustive list of price influences that may affect one or more issuers or industry sectors, the market for a particular security type, the markets in various jurisdictions and/or other aspects of a Fund’s trading, includes: interest rates, inflation, general economic conditions, geopolitical forces, currency conditions and foreign exchange rates, market sentiment, analyst research and/or media reports, trading patterns and/or market trends, the availability of credit, credit spreads, an issuer’s financial condition, corporate announcements and events, other conditions affecting an issuer’s business, such as competition, product offerings, lawsuits and/or fraud, price-earnings ratios or other metrics, weather or climate forces, regulatory conditions or potential regulatory changes, and the public’s and market participants’ perception of such matters. Just as the factors described above are complex, so, too, is the investment process. Capitalizing on the substantial years of experience of its personnel, Pine River attempts to predict price movements, taking into account the information available to it and utilizing such analytical methods as Pine River considers important and appropriate under the circumstances. There can be no assurances that Pine River will be successful in correctly identifying those factors affecting the price of securities held by the Funds or that Pine River will correctly predict the effect of such factors on the prices of relevant instruments and the timing thereof, or that the Funds will be able to buy and sell assets at advantageous times and prices. Equity Securities Numerous inter-related and difficult-to-quantify economic factors influence the prices of equities, including market sentiment and subjective and extraneous political and economic factors. There can be no assurance that Pine River will be able to predict future price levels correctly. These factors may cause equity prices to move contrary to Pine River’s expectations, causing losses to the Funds. Unregistered Securities, Private Investments and Illiquid Investments The Funds may make investments in securities that are not registered with the SEC as of their issue date, including offerings of equities, convertible or exchangeable bonds, preferred shares and/or warrants. Such securities may be issued with registration (or similar “seasoning”) rights, requiring the issuer to register the offered securities and/or the underlying securities for resale with the appropriate U.S. federal and state authorities by a contractually-specified deadline. In the interim, such securities generally are subject to holding periods and other restrictions on transfer. If an issuer fails to meet its contractual obligations, the Funds may be unable to dispose of the securities at appropriate prices if at all, or may experience substantial delays in doing so, and thus the Funds may not be able to realize the anticipated profit with respect to such investment for a substantial period of time, if ever. There can be no assurances that any issuer will succeed in registering for public resale the securities held by the Funds or that registration of securities pursuant to any such arrangement will create liquidity. The Funds may make private investments and other investments in illiquid or thinly-traded instruments purchased or sold in private transactions. There may be no trading market for these instruments, and the liquidation of such investments could, depending on the circumstances, occur at disadvantageous prices. As a result, the Funds may be required to hold such securities despite adverse price movements. It may be difficult to hedge such investments and, unlike readily marketable securities, such investments typically are not eligible for portfolio financing. In addition, if the Funds hedge by making a short sale of an illiquid security, it may have difficulty in covering the short sale, resulting in a potentially unlimited loss on that position. The sale of restricted and illiquid securities may require more time and results in higher brokerage charges or dealer discounts and other selling expenses than does the sale of securities eligible for trading on national securities exchanges or in the OTC markets. In some instances, the Funds may not be able to readily dispose of illiquid investments and, in some cases, may be contractually prohibited from disposing of such investments for a specified period of time. Restricted securities may sell at a price lower than similar securities that are not subject to restrictions on resale. Non-U.S. Securities Investing in securities of non-U.S. governments and companies involves both risks and opportunities not typically associated with investing in securities of the U.S. government or U.S. companies. These considerations include changes in exchange rates and exchange control regulations, political and social instability, expropriation, imposition of non-U.S. taxes, less liquid markets and less available information than is generally the case in the United States, higher transaction costs, non-U.S. government restrictions, less government supervision of exchanges, brokers and issuers, greater risks associated with counterparties and settlement, difficulty in enforcing contractual obligations, lack of uniform accounting and auditing standards and greater price volatility. Sovereign Bonds The Funds may invest a portion of their capital in global sovereign bonds and related investments. This strategy depends upon the use of high leverage to capture small mis-pricings among very liquid positions. The Funds may incur substantial losses from this strategy if Pine River incorrectly analyzes mis-pricings, or in the event of unexpected movements in sovereign bond prices. Other investment funds that have pursued this strategy have incurred substantial and sudden losses from time to time. Indices The Funds may trade in positions tied to indices, including mainstay equity and credit indices, as well as new or specialized indices focusing on the U.S. mortgage markets. It is possible that a financial instrument which is designed to track the performance of an index, positively or inversely, may fail to do so due to disruptions in the markets for the financial instrument or due to other extraordinary circumstances. In addition, such a financial instrument may not track exactly the performance of the index, whether positively or inversely, because the financial instrument is not itself the index. There can be no assurances that the indices will function as they are designed or intended, or that positions on such indices will be liquid. Failure to meet expectations regarding the design of an index or its liquidity could lead to substantial losses for the Funds. Corporate Debt Obligations Investment grade debt securities generally trade on the basis of their ratings, although at times the ratings of issuers have proved not to correspond to their actual creditworthiness. The potential discrepancy between a bond’s credit rating and its actual creditworthiness may create both investment opportunities and risks. In addition, investment grade (and other debt) securities are subject to “flights to quality” in which the demand for any debt other than U.S. Treasuries is drastically reduced and the spread between government and corporate interest rates widens substantially, driving down the price of outstanding corporate debt. In addition the Funds may invest in non-investment grade debt securities and unrated debt, which may be subject to greater market fluctuations and risks of loss of income and principal than lower yielding, investment grade securities, and are often influenced by many of the same unpredictable factors which affect equity prices. The value of non-investment grade debt is typically primarily determined by the perceived ability of the issuer to pay its debt in accordance with its terms. The Funds’ investments in debt securities may experience substantial losses due to adverse changes in interest rates and the market’s perception of issuers’ creditworthiness. Swaps and Similar Derivatives The Funds may enter into swap and similar derivative transactions involving or relating to interest rates, credit risks, non-U.S. currencies, commodities, securities, investment fund interests, indices, prices or other items. Many swap contracts and similar derivative contracts are not currently traded on exchanges; rather, banks and dealers act as principals in these markets. As a result, the Funds are subject to the risk of the inability or refusal to perform with respect to such contracts on the part of the counterparties with which the Fund trades. Participants in the swap markets are not required to make continuous markets in the swap contracts they trade. The Dodd-Frank Reform Act includes provisions that comprehensively regulate the OTC derivatives markets, subject to rulemaking and oversight by the CFTC and SEC. While the Dodd-Frank Reform Act is intended in part to reduce certain of the risks described above, it is yet to be seen whether it will be effective in doing so. Swap agreements can be individually negotiated and structured to include exposure to a variety of different types of investments or market factors. Depending on their structure, swap agreements may increase or decrease the exposure of the Funds to long-term or short-term interest rates, non-U.S. currency values, mortgage securities, corporate borrowing rates or other factors such as security prices, baskets of equity securities or inflation rates. Swap agreements tend to shift investment exposure from one type of investment to another. Depending on how they are used, swap agreements may increase or decrease the overall volatility of a Fund’s portfolio. The most significant factor in the performance of swap agreements is the change in the specific interest rate, currency, individual equity values or other factors that determine the amounts of payments due to and from the Fund. If a swap agreement calls for payments by Fund, the Fund must be prepared to make such payments when due. If a counterparty’s creditworthiness declines, the value of swap agreements with such counterparty can be expected to decline, potentially resulting in losses by the Fund. Bank Loans and Participations The Funds may invest in fixed- and floating-rate bank loans and participations. The special risks associated with these obligations include: (i) the possible invalidation of an investment transaction as a fraudulent conveyance under relevant creditors’ rights laws; (ii) environmental liabilities that may arise with respect to the collateral securing the obligations; (iii) adverse consequences resulting from participating in such loans with other institutions which may default on their obligation to provide additional funding under such loans; and (iv) limitations on the ability of the investor in a participation directly to enforce the lender’s rights under such loans. Asset-Backed Securities The Funds may invest a portion of their capital in other fixed-income securities, including asset-backed securities. Like mortgage-backed securities, asset-backed securities are subject to interest rate risk and prepayment risk. Asset-backed securities are subject to additional risks in that, unlike mortgage-backed securities, asset-backed securities generally do not have the benefit of a security interest in the related collateral. Each type of asset- backed security also entails unique risks depending on the type of assets involved and the legal structure used. For example, credit card receivables are generally unsecured and the debtors are entitled to the protection of a number of state and federal consumer credit laws, many of which give debtors the right to set off certain amounts owed on the credit cards, thereby reducing the balance due. Commercial Mortgage-Backed Securities Collateral underlying commercial mortgage backed securities (“CMBS”) generally consists of mortgage loans secured by income producing property, such as regional malls, other retail space, office buildings, industrial or warehouse properties, hotels, rental apartments, nursing homes, senior living centers and self-storage properties. Performance of a commercial mortgage loan depends primarily on the net income generated by the underlying mortgaged property. The market value of a commercial property similarly depends on its income-generating ability. As a result, income generation will affect both the likelihood of default and the severity of losses with respect to a commercial mortgage loan. Any decrease in income or value of the commercial real estate underlying an issue of CMBS could result in cash flow delays and losses on the related issue of CMBS. A portfolio of CMBS may be backed by commercial mortgage loans with disproportionately large aggregate principal amounts secured by properties in only a few regions. As a result, the commercial mortgage loans may be more susceptible to geographic risks, such as adverse economic conditions, adverse events affecting industries located in such areas and natural hazards affecting such areas. Mortgage loans underlying a CMBS may provide for no amortization of principal or may provide for amortization based on a schedule substantially longer than the maturity of the mortgage loans, resulting in “balloon” payments due at maturity. If the underlying mortgage borrowers are unable to refinance, such balloon payment mortgages are likely to experience payment delays and defaults. As a result, the related issue of CMBS could experience delays in cash flow and losses. Distressed Securities Investments in distressed securities may involve substantial financial and business risks that can result in significant or even total losses. Among the risks inherent in investments in entities experiencing significant financial or business difficulties is the fact that it frequently may be difficult to obtain information as to the true condition of such issuers. Distressed investments may be adversely affected by laws relating to, among other things, fraudulent transfers and other voidable transfers or payments, lender liability, and a tribunal’s power to disallow, reduce, subordinate, or disenfranchise particular claims. The market prices of such securities are also subject to abrupt and erratic market movements and above-average price volatility, and the spread between the bid and asked prices of such securities may be greater than those prevailing in other securities markets. It may take a number of years for the market price of such securities to reflect their intrinsic value. In liquidation (both in and out of bankruptcy) and other forms of corporate reorganization, there exists the risk that the reorganization either will be unsuccessful (due to, for example, failure to obtain requisite approvals), will be delayed (e.g., until various liabilities, actual or contingent, have been satisfied) or will result in a distribution of cash or new securities the value of which will be less than the purchase price of the securities in respect to which such distribution was made. PIPEs Private investments in public equities, or PIPEs, generally involve contractual obligations by the issuer of such securities requiring the issuer to take certain actions, such as registering the securities or, in the case of convertible securities, issuing the underlying securities upon exercise of convertible securities and registering the underlying securities with the appropriate federal and state authorities for resale. If an issuer fails to meet its contractual obligations, an investor may be unable to dispose of the securities at appropriate prices if at all, or may experience substantial delays in doing so, and thus the investor may not be able to realize the anticipated profit with respect to such investment for a substantial period, if ever. There can be no assurances that any issuer will succeed in registering PIPE securities for public resale or that registration of securities pursuant to any such arrangement will create liquidity. Real Estate Investment Trusts The Funds may invest and trade in the securities of real estate investment trusts, or REITs, including REITs that invest in mortgage-backed securities and related strategies. Investments in REITs are subject to the risks incident to the ownership and operation of real estate generally. Some of the risks associated with investments in real estate include declines in the value of real estate, risks related to general and local economic conditions, dependency on management skill, heavy cash flow dependency, possible lack of availability of mortgage funds, overbuilding, extended vacancies of properties, increased taxes and operating expenses, changes in zoning laws, losses due to costs resulting from the clean-up of environmental problems, liability to third parties for damages resulting from environmental problems, casualty or condemnation losses, limitations on rents, changes in neighborhood values and the appeal of properties to tenants and changes in interest rates. Further, REITs typically charge management fees and similar fees to investors, which may result in the layering of fees to investors in the Funds. Collateralized Debt Obligations The market value of collateralized debt obligations (“CDOs”) will generally fluctuate with, among other things, the financial condition of the obligors on the underlying debt obligations, general economic conditions, the condition of certain financial markets, political events, developments or trends in any particular industry and changes in prevailing interest rates. CDOs are subject to credit, liquidity and interest rate risks. There is no established, liquid secondary market for many of the CDO securities the Funds may purchase, and CDOs may be subject to certain transfer restrictions. The lack of such an established, liquid secondary market and the restrictions on transfer may have an adverse effect on the market value of such CDO securities and the Funds’ ability to sell them. For example, in recent years, the liquidity of many CDO securities has been substantially reduced compared to prior periods. No assurance can be given that if the Funds were to dispose of a particular CDO held by the Funds, it could dispose of such investment at the previously prevailing market price. The performance of CDOs will be adversely affected by macroeconomic factors, including (i) general economic conditions affecting capital markets and participants therein; (ii) the economic downturns and uncertainties affecting economies and capital markets worldwide; (iii) recent concern about financial performance, accounting and other issues relating to various publicly traded companies; and (iv) recent and proposed changes in accounting and reporting standards and bankruptcy legislation. Currency Exchange Exposure and Currency Hedging Because the Funds may invest in non-U.S. securities that are denominated or quoted in non-U.S. currencies, whereas the functional currency of the Fund is denominated in U.S. dollars, performance may be significantly affected, either positively or negatively, by fluctuations in the relative currency exchange rates and by exchange control regulations. To the extent Pine River seeks to hedge the Funds’ currency exposure, it may not always be practicable to do so. Moreover, hedging may not alleviate all currency risks. Furthermore, the Funds may incur costs in connection with conversions between various currencies. Currency exchange dealers realize a profit based on the difference between the prices at which they are buying please register to get more info
Investment advisers registered with the SEC are required to disclose all material facts regarding any legal or disciplinary events that could be important to a client’s evaluation of Pine River or the integrity of Pine River’s management. Pine River has no such legal or disciplinary actions to disclose. please register to get more info
Pine River and Pine River Domestic Management L.P. (“Pine River Domestic”) are registered as commodity trading advisors and commodity pool operators with the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (“CFTC”), and certain of their supervised persons are registered as associated persons. Pine River operates the Funds pursuant to the requirements of CFTC (“CFTC”) Rule Section 4.7. The CFTC does not pass upon the merits of a particular pool or upon the adequacy or accuracy of any offering memorandum or other disclosure statement.
Pine River has arrangements that are material to its advisory business with its affiliates, Pine River Domestic, Pine River Capital Partners (UK) LLP, and PRCM Advisors, LLC. Pine River has entered into agreements with each of Pine River Domestic, Pine River Capital Partners (UK) LLP, and PRCM Advisors, LLC. Through these agreements, Pine River serves as the chief investment manager for all of the Funds. In addition, Pine River and certain Funds have entered into agreements with Pine River’s affiliate, Pine River Performance L.P., pursuant to which Pine River Performance L.P. receives all Incentive Fees/Allocations earned by Pine River in respect of such Funds. please register to get more info
Pine River has adopted a Code of Ethics and other ethical rules and guidelines for avoiding prohibited acts and eliminating potential conflicts of interests (“Ethics Rules”). Policies against over-reaching, self-dealing, insider trading, and conflicts of interest are set forth in Pine River’s Ethics Rules. Among other matters, the Ethics Rules forbid any member, officer, affiliate, or employee of Pine River from trading, either personally or on behalf of others (such as the Funds managed by Pine River), on material non-public information or communicating material non-public information to others in violation of the law. In addition, the Ethics Rules set forth restrictions on the receipt of gifts, outside employment, maintenance of brokerage accounts, and other matters. Pine River believes that its Ethics Rules are appropriate to prevent or eliminate potential conflicts of interests between Pine River and its employees and Investors and the Funds it manages. Yet, clients, Investors, and Funds managed by Pine River should be aware that no set of rules can anticipate or avoid all potential conflicts.
If you would like to receive a copy of Pine River’s Code of Ethics, contact Pine River’s Legal Department by telephone at (612) 238-3300 or submit a written request to 601 Carlson Parkway, 7th Floor, Attn. Compliance Department, Minnetonka, MN 55305 U.S.A. or [email protected]. please register to get more info
Description of Research Services Pine River Receives from Brokers and Dealers
Pine River receives a wide array of research services from brokers and dealers. The research received may include information on the United States and international economies, particular industries, groups of securities, business sectors, individual companies, statistical, technical and quantitative details about markets, accounting and tax law interpretations and opinions, political developments, legal developments affecting the securities markets, credit analysis, risk measurement analysis, performance analysis, and analysis of corporate ethics and responsibility issues.
Research is received primarily in the form of written reports, telephone contacts, e-mails, facsimiles, personal meetings, research seminars, and access to computer databases. In some instances, research services are generated by third parties and are provided to Pine River by or through broker-dealers.
Pine River may have an incentive to select a broker-dealer based on its interest in receiving research or brokerage services, rather than best execution for its clients. Pine River does not enter into agreements with brokers exchanging specific amounts of business for research services. But Pine River may consider, in making a decision relative to best price and execution, the value of research services it receives from particular broker-dealers.
Except for services that would be a Fund expense or as otherwise described in the applicable Fund documents, Pine River does not intend to use “soft dollars” other than to obtain research and brokerage services within the meaning of Section 28(e) of the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Securities Exchange Act”). During any time that the assets of a Fund are considered for purposes of ERISA and Section 4975 of the Code, to be assets of employee benefit plans and other plans, Pine River will limit the use “soft-dollars” to obtain “research” and “brokerage” services within the meaning of Section 28(e) of the Securities Exchange Act. Soft dollar benefits are not allocated proportionately to the clients that generate any particular benefit.
Best Price and Execution Policy
Pine River’s ability to determine the securities to be bought or sold, the amount to be bought or sold, and the broker to be used is limited by the parameters set forth in each Fund’s organizational documents, offering materials, and/or investment management agreement with Pine River. In selecting brokers, dealers, and futures commissions merchants to effect transactions in financial instruments, Pine River considers factors such as general ability to obtain best execution, price, and the brokers and dealers’ facilities, reliability, credit quality, and financial responsibility. Pine River’s general policy with respect to selecting brokers and paying commissions is to seek the best price and execution in regards to all portfolio transactions. In selecting brokers or dealers to execute transactions for its clients, Pine River is not required to solicit competitive bids or to seek the lowest available commission cost. Pine River considers the full range and quality of the brokerage services available when choosing a broker for a particular transaction. When choosing a broker Pine River considers:
the price of the security, the commission rate, the size of the order, the reliability, integrity, financial condition, general execution and operational capabilities of competing brokers and dealers, the complexity of a particular transaction in terms of both execution and settlement, the level and type of business done with a firm over a period of time, research relating to a certain transaction, the extent to which the broker or dealer has capital at risk in the transaction, rates quoted by brokers and dealers, rates which other institutional investors are paying based upon publicly available information, arbitrage skills, and capable floor brokers and traders.
Pine River has not and does not intend to enter into any arrangement requiring it or its clients to allocate either a stated dollar amount or stated percentage of its brokerage business to any broker.
Pine River is not responsible for the acts or omissions of any broker or dealer selected by it in good faith.
Allocation of Investment Opportunities
In allocating investment and trading opportunities among its clients, Pine River makes a determination, exercising its judgment in good faith, as to whether an opportunity is appropriate for each client. Factors in making such a determination may include a client’s liquidity, overall investment strategy and objectives, the regulatory constraints of the client, the composition of the client’s existing portfolio, the size or amount of the available opportunity, the characteristics of the securities involved, the liquidity of the markets in which the securities trade, the risks involved, and other factors relating to the relevant client and investment opportunity. Pine River is not required to provide every opportunity to the Fund. If Pine River determines that an investment or trading opportunity is appropriate for more than one client, then Pine River allocates such investment or trading opportunity among clients in a manner that Pine River determines, exercising its judgment in good faith, to be fair and equitable, taking into consideration all allocations among such clients taken as a whole and, if the assets of the Fund are considered for purposes of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code, to be assets of employee benefit plans or plans, to comply with the fiduciary provisions of ERISA with respect to the assets of the Fund. Pine River has broad discretion in making that determination, and in amending that determination over time. Pine River is not required to provide every opportunity to every client, or to allocate opportunities on a pre-determined basis. Notwithstanding the foregoing, certain personnel of Pine River may be assigned to make trading decisions solely for the benefit of one or more specific clients of Pine River, without reference or consideration to the needs or interests of the Funds. Such personnel will not have an obligation to share investment or trading opportunities with other clients of Pine River. As a result, the Funds may not receive the benefit of the investment strategies and research of such personnel, and may not receive any allocations with respect to the trades executed by such personnel. Additionally, from time to time Pine River may identify specific trading and investment opportunities (“Tactical Opportunities”) that it believes: (i) may be of particular interest to one or more single investor funds or accounts that Pine River manages (including the Funds) (each, a “Tactical Investor”); and (ii) are unsuitable – either qualitatively or quantitatively – for other funds and accounts managed by Pine River (“Non-Tactical Clients”). From time to time Pine River may give one or more Tactical Investors the Opportunity to investor more capital into a Tactical Opportunity than would ordinarily be the case based on Pine River’s routine trade allocation policy. Pine River will permit a Tactical Investor to make such an oversized allocation only if and when Pine River determines that to do so will not be prejudicial to, or reduce the investment capacity which might otherwise be used by, Non- Tactical Clients. Bunched Trades
Pine River is permitted to bunch trades on behalf of more than one Fund. Pine River may bunch trades when it determines, exercising its judgment in good faith, that bunching a trade is fair and equitable and will improve trade execution or otherwise benefit (or not be harmful to) the Funds participating in the trade. When allocating bunched trades among Funds, Pine River will ensure that: (a) each Fund is treated fairly with respect to priority of executing orders; (b) trades are allocated on a timely basis; (c) transaction prices and costs are averaged and allocated pro rata among all Funds participating in a trade; (d) partially filled orders are allocated pro rata among all Funds participating in a trade; and (e) accurate and complete records of all bunched trades are maintained. It may not always be possible or consistent with the investment objectives of the various Funds to take or liquidate the same investment positions at the same time or at the same price. However, Pine River will make all transactions on a “best execution” basis.
Information Obtained in the Course of Business
Pine River and its affiliates, in trading on behalf of the Funds or their own accounts, may make use of information obtained by them in the course of managing the Funds. Pine River and its principals and affiliates do not have an obligation to the Funds for any profits earned from their use of such information or an obligation to compensate the Funds in any respect for their receipt of such information.
Purchase of New Issues
Certain of the Funds may from time to time, to the extent permitted by the Rules of the U.S. Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. (the “FINRA Rules”), purchase equity securities that are part of an initial public offering (“New Issues”). Under the FINRA Rules, brokers generally may not sell such securities to a private investment fund if the fund has investors who are “Restricted Persons” or “Covered Investors.” Restricted Persons includes persons employed by or affiliated with a broker and portfolio managers of hedge funds and other registered and unregistered investment advisory firms, and Covered Investors includes certain persons who are affiliated with certain companies that are current, former or prospective investment banking clients of the broker, unless the fund excludes such Restricted Persons and/or Covered Investors from receiving allocations of profits and losses from New Issues. The profits and losses from New Issues will generally be allocated to investors in the Fund that are not Restricted Persons. Certain Funds may make use of a “de minimis” exemption pursuant to which a portion of any New Issue profits and losses may be allocated to Restricted Persons and/or Covered Investors. Such allocations may result in FINRA Rule 5131 Covered Investors receiving a smaller allocation of new issues profits and losses than permitted under FINRA Rule 5131. Pine River will determine, among other things: (i) the manner in which new issues are purchased, held, transferred and sold by the Fund and any adjustments (including the payment of interest) with respect thereto; (ii) the Investors who are eligible and ineligible to participate in the profits and losses from new issues; (iii) the method by which profits and losses from new issues are to be allocated among Investors in a manner that is permitted under FINRA Rules (including whether a Fund will avail itself of the de minimis exemption or any other exemption); and (iv) the time at which new issues are no longer considered as such under FINRA Rules. Upon Pine River’s determination that the FINRA Rules’ restrictions no longer apply to a new issue (typically, after the close of market trading on the day in which new issue shares are acquired by the Fund), Pine River will typically reallocate the new issue shares among all Investors in the Fund that invested in the new issues shares on a pro rata basis, through journal entries showing transfers of shares at the market price at the time of the transfer (typically, the closing price at the end of the first day of market trading).
Subscription documents for Funds investing in new issues elicit information from each Investor to enable Pine River to identify Investors that are Restricted Persons or Covered Investors. If there is any uncertainty concerning whether an Investor is a Restricted Person or Covered Investor, then Pine River will treat that Investor as a Restricted Person or Covered Investor until the Investor provides sufficient information to Pine River to enable it to determine that such Investor is not a Restricted Person or Covered Investor. Pine River maintains a register of the restricted or un-restricted status of all Investors.
Principal Trades
Pine River may effect principal trades between itself and a Fund when Pine River, exercising its judgment in good faith, determines that a principal trade is beneficial to the Fund, and is fair and equitable. In certain cases, a client of Pine River, such as a Fund, may be deemed to be a proprietary account of Pine River for principal trade purposes. Whenever possible, Pine River will effect a principal trade at or with reference to the market price of the securities involved, and may effect such principal trade via a broker-dealer or other third party market participant. In effecting a principal trade, Pine River may not intentionally favor itself over a Fund.
Pine River will only enter into principal trades in accordance with, and as permitted by, applicable law, including the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended; principal trades are not allowed when the underlying assets of a Fund are considered for purposes of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code to be assets of employee benefit plans.
Pine River’s Chief Compliance Officer is required to approve all principal trades in advance. Notwithstanding the foregoing, every principal trade involves a potential conflict of interest among the parties to the transaction and Pine River, particularly the conflict between acting in its own best interests and assisting its clients by selling or purchasing a particular security.
Cross Trades
Pine River or any of its affiliates may effect cross trades between Funds managed by Pine River or its affiliates when Pine River, exercising its judgment in good faith, determines that a cross trade is mutually beneficial to the Fund and such other party and is fair and equitable. Whenever possible, Pine River will effect a cross trade at or with reference to the market price of the securities involved, and may effect such cross trade via a broker-dealer or other third party market participant. In effecting a cross trade, Pine River will not intentionally favor one party to the transaction over the other, however in hindsight a cross trade may appear to have favored one party over the other. Pine River and its affiliates will not receive commissions, or otherwise profit, from cross trades. Cross trades will be effected by Pine River and its affiliates only to the extent permitted by applicable law; with limited exceptions, cross trades are not allowed when the underlying assets of one or both of the Funds involved are considered for purposes of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code to be assets of employee benefit plans. Pine River’s Chief Compliance Officer is required to approve all cross trades in advance. Notwithstanding the foregoing, every cross trade involves a potential conflict of interest among the parties to the cross trade and Pine River. In any cross trade, Pine River will have a potentially conflicting division of loyalties and responsibilities regarding both clients that are parties to a particular cross trade.
Trade Error Correction Policy
Pine River strives to ensure that trades are executed in a timely and accurate manner. Yet, in the course of carrying out trading and investing responsibilities on behalf of the Funds, Pine River’s personnel may make trade errors. Trade errors may include:
(a) trades that should not have occurred (e.g., trades that are not legally permitted, not within the Fund’s mandate or not authorized by the Funds’ governing documents),
(b) trades that were erroneously entered into (e.g., incorrect security, quantity, price, terms or allocation), or
(c) trades that should have occurred but did not (e.g., an order was erroneously not placed).
If a trade error occurs, Pine River will take appropriate action to rectify or limit the consequences of the trade error, which may include: (x) allocating any profit resulting from such trade error for the benefit of the relevant Fund; and (y) reimbursing the Fund for any losses resulting from such trade error.
Additionally, a trade error in one of the Funds may be corrected through a reallocation or transfer of a position to another Fund or account managed by Pine River. Pine River will make such a reallocation or transfer only if (i) it represents an appropriate investment decision on behalf of each Fund or account involved, (ii) the reallocation or transfer does not cause a loss to the transferee Fund or account, and (iii) Pine River’s Chief Compliance Officer has determined that the reallocation or transfer is permissible by law and consistent with the fiduciary duties owed by Pine River to all Funds and accounts involved.
ERISA Considerations
Investments in the Funds are generally open to institutions, including pension and other funds subject to ERISA. Investments in certain Funds by benefit plan investors may exceed 25% of the total value of each class of equity interests of such Fund. Pine River has implemented policies and procedures in order to ensure compliance with the requirements of ERISA with respect to such Funds, and in connection therewith Pine River is and intends to maintain its status as a “qualified professional assets manager, or QPAM, as defined under Prohibited Transaction Class Exemption 84-14 issued by the U.S. Department of Labor. Most U.S. pension and profit sharing plans, individual retirement accounts and other tax-advantaged retirement funds are subject to provisions of Section 4975 of the Code, ERISA, or both. This could be relevant to a potential Investor’s decision to invest in a Fund. Pine River encourages Investors to consult legal counsel regarding questions related to ERISA. At such times as a Fund is a “plan assets” fund under ERISA, additional obligations and limitations may apply to the management of the Fund and the investments that the Fund may hold. please register to get more info
Pine River has established a risk management committee, appointed a chief risk officer, and implemented a risk management policy in order to formalize risk management controls and ensure appropriate independence for its risk management function. Pine River’s investment and risk management personnel monitor the Funds on a continuous basis to assess systemic, portfolio-level and position-specific risks. Pine River uses both proprietary and commercially-licensed computer systems to assist in monitoring, analyzing and managing the risks inherent in the Funds’ investments. Pine River may modify any of its risk management techniques at any time.
The Funds have independent administrators which review security valuations on a monthly basis. The administrator for each Fund reconciles positions and cash details directly with the custodians on a daily basis. Pine River has also engaged an independent public accounting firm to conduct annual audits of the Funds. As part of the annual audit process, the accounting firm independently verifies security prices and positions in the Funds, and confirms the Funds’ ownership of investment assets. please register to get more info
Pine River does not receive economic benefits for providing investment advice or other advisory services, except from its clients. Neither Pine River nor any of its related persons directly or indirectly compensate any person who is not a supervised person of Pine River or its related persons for client referrals. please register to get more info
Each Fund receives at least quarterly statements from the broker dealers, banks or other qualified custodians that hold the Fund’s investment assets.
Investors will receive statements from the relevant Fund’s administrator on a monthly basis. Investors are encouraged to review such statements carefully and to compare these records to account information that Pine River provides to Investors.
Pine River furnishes to each Investor a report of the relevant Fund’s estimated performance and net asset value as soon as reasonably practicable after the end of each accounting period, as well as an estimate of the increase or decrease in the net asset value of such Investor’s shares or interests during that accounting period, and such other information as Pine River may deem appropriate. As soon as practicable after the end of each fiscal year, each of the Funds furnishes to each Investor a report as of the end of that fiscal year, which includes the following information: (i) the audited balance sheet and income statement of the relevant Fund; (ii) the closing net asset value of such Investor’s shares or interests; and (iii) the percentage change in the net asset value of the Fund during the relevant fiscal year. Pine River is deemed to have custody of client assets because of its ability to debit advisory fees from custodial accounts. Pine River obtains approval from the administrators for payment of its advisory fees prior to debiting client accounts. please register to get more info
Pine River has sole discretion to manage its clients’ investment portfolios, except with respect to certain Pine River Managed Accounts. Generally, Pine River does not accept instructions from clients with respect to investments by or for their accounts. Pine River Managed Accounts can impose restrictions on investing in certain securities or types of securities. Pine River Managed Accounts can also negotiate other terms with Pine River. Pine River Managed Account restrictions and terms are formalized in advisory agreements with Pine River. Clients’ investment guidelines and restrictions must be provided to and agreed with Pine River in writing. please register to get more info
Proxy Voting Procedures and Guidelines
Pine River has adopted written proxy voting guidelines and procedures (“Proxy Voting Guidelines”) in accordance with Rule 206(4)-6 of the Advisers Act. In voting proxies for the Funds, Pine River’s goal is to act prudently and in the best interest of the Funds, and accordingly of Investors. Pine River seeks to consider all positive and negative consequences its vote could have on the value of the investment. When Pine River votes proxies, it will do so in a manner that it believes will be consistent with efforts to maximize the value of the Funds’ positions. In its discretion, Pine River may choose not to vote on a particular proxy.
When a Fund has authorized Pine River to vote proxies on its behalf, Pine River generally will not accept instructions from the Fund or an Investor regarding how to vote proxies.
In furtherance of Pine River’s goal to vote proxies in the best interests of the Funds, Pine River seeks to identify and address material conflicts that may arise between Pine River’s interests and those of the Funds and Investors before voting proxies on behalf of the Funds.
Pine River’s judgment concerning the manner in which the best economic interest of the Funds is achieved may change over time based on additional information, further analysis, and changes in the economic environment. Accordingly, Pine River’s Proxy Voting Guidelines may be revised in Pine River’s discretion.
Pine River’s senior investment personnel oversee and manage the process by which it votes proxies. Investors can obtain a copy of Pine River’s Proxy Voting Guidelines and a record of Pine River’s voting on behalf of a particular Fund by contacting Pine River’s Legal Department by telephone at (612) 238-3300 or by submitting a written request to 601 Carlson Parkway, 7th Floor, Attn. Compliance Department, Minnetonka, MN 55305 U.S.A. or [email protected]. please register to get more info
Registered investment advisers are required in this Item to provide investors with certain financial information or disclosures about Pine River’s financial condition. Pine River has no financial commitment that impairs its ability to meet contractual and fiduciary commitments to clients, and has not been the subject of a bankruptcy proceeding. please register to get more info
Open Brochure from SEC website
Assets | |
---|---|
Pooled Investment Vehicles | $537,517,202 |
Discretionary | $40,920,001,362 |
Non-Discretionary | $ |
Registered Web Sites
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