A. Firm Description. Polar Capital LLP (“Polar Capital”) is an investment management
firm located in London, United Kingdom. Polar Capital does not have an office in the
United States. The firm is a limited liability partnership formed under the laws of
England and Wales, Company No. 4053690. It is a subsidiary of Polar Capital
Holdings PLC, a public company whose shares are listed on the London Stock
Exchange (“Polar Holdings”). Approximately thirty-two percent of the equity interests
of Polar Holdings is held by directors, management and employees of Polar Holdings
and its subsidiary companies, including Polar Capital. Polar Capital is regulated by
the Financial Conduct Authority of the United Kingdom. Polar Capital was
established in 2000 and has been registered as an investment adviser with the
Securities and Exchange Commission under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940
(“Advisers Act”) since September 19, 2005. An affiliate, Polar Capital (America)
Corporation in Darien, Connecticut (“Polar America”), is also registered with the SEC
as an investment adviser. Another affiliate, Polar Capital (Europe) SAS in Paris,
France, is registered as an AIFM with the AMF.
B. Advisory Services. Polar Capital primarily offers fundamental research driven
investment advisory services to professional and institutional investors through a range
of geographic and sector investment funds which it offers and manages (“Polar
Funds”) and managed accounts. Polar Capital provides primarily investment
supervisory services, but also provides investment advice not involving supervisory
services. Polar Funds are organized in jurisdictions outside the United States and are
not registered as investment companies under the Investment Company Act of 1940.
However interests in certain of the Polar Funds are offered to certain pre-qualified U.S.
persons who must be “Qualified Purchasers” as defined by Section 2(a)(51) of the
Investment Company Act. Such offerings are made only in private placements
pursuant to exemptions under the Investment Company Act and the Securities Act of
1933. Each Polar Fund itself is a Qualified Purchaser. This Brochure describes only
those Polar Funds that have or are being offered to U.S. investors, or that Polar Capital
expects to offer to U.S. investors in private placements during the upcoming year.
Hedge Funds. An alternative investment vehicle only available to sophisticated
investors such as institutions and individuals with significant assets that is designed to
protect investment portfolios from market uncertainty, while seeking positive returns in
both up and down markets.
Polar Capital European Forager Fund Limited. An exempted company
incorporated in the Cayman Islands under registration number CR-125904 with limited
liability. It is an open ended investment company that is registered as a regulated
mutual fund with the Cayman Islands Monetary Authority whose New Participating
Shares and X Participating Shares are admitted to the Official List for trading on the
Main Securities Market of the Irish Stock Exchange. Investment objective/strategy: to
achieve positive absolute returns in each calendar year, irrespective of overall equity
market conditions by investing predominantly in small capitalization European equity
securities.
Polar Capital China Mercury Fund Limited. An exempted company incorporated in
the Cayman Islands under registration number MC-336913with limited liability.
Investment objective/strategy: to achieve long term capital growth by investing primarily in the
equity and equity related securities of companies across the globe with a focus on those
established in or which have significant business exposure to Mainland China, Hong Kong,
Macau and Taiwan (together, ‘ Greater China’).
Open Ended Investment Companies (OEIC) A type of company that allows
investors to collectively pool together money to invest in various opportunities. As
money is invested, shares are created. When a shareholder requests to sell shares, that
money is then redeemed. The value of a share varies with the value of the OEIC's net
portfolio value (NPV). It is most often used in the United Kingdom. In the United
States it is referred to as an open-ended mutual fund.
Polar Capital Funds plc. An umbrella fund company with variable capital and
segregated liability between funds, incorporated with limited liability under the laws of
Ireland with registered number 348391, and authorized in Ireland as an investment
company pursuant to the European Community’s Undertakings for Collective
Investment in Transferable Securities, or UCITS, Regulations. The company is
structured as an umbrella fund consists of a number of different funds, each fund
representing a single portfolio of assets, with segregated liability between funds. Each
fund may have more than one share class allocated to it. The funds are:
Asian Opportunities Fund. Investment objective/strategy: to achieve capital
appreciation and medium-term growth by investing in equities of banking,
insurance and other financial services companies, including consumer finance
and real estate, within Asian markets outside of Japan (including Australasia).
Asian Stars Fund. Investment objective/strategy: is to achieve long term
capital growth. The Fund seeks to achieve its objective by investing in a broad
range of shares from companies domiciled in developed and developing
(emerging market) Asian countries, or from companies which generate a
significant amount of their business from these countries.
Automation and Artificial Intelligence Fund. Investment objective/strategy: to
achieve long term capital appreciation by primarily investing in a diversified
portfolio of global equity securities which may be listed or traded on a Regulated
Market.
Biotechnology Fund. Investment objective/strategy: to achieve long-term
capital growth by investing in a globally diversified portfolio of biotechnology
companies.
China Stars Fund. Investment objective/strategy: to achieve long term capital
growth by primarily investing in a diversified portfolio of equity securities and
equity related securities of, or relating to companies, which are domiciled, or
exercise the predominant part of their economic activity, in The Peoples’
Republic of China, Hong Kong and Taiwan (together ‘Greater China’).
Emerging Market Stars Fund. Investment objective/strategy: to achieve
long-term capital growth by investing in a diversified portfolio of emerging
market companies.
Emerging Markets Income Fund. Investment objective/strategy: to achieve
both income and long term capital growth by investing in the economic
development of emerging markets. Hence, the Investment Manager aims to
identify the sectors that will demonstrate higher than average growth within
these growing economies.
European Ex UK Income Fund. Investment objective/strategy: is to deliver
strong, long-term risk-adjusted returns to achieve both income and capital
growth by investing in companies that are incorporated, headquartered, or
exercise a significant part of their economic activities (greater than 20%) in
European markets/countries (excluding the United Kingdom).
Financial Opportunities Fund. Investment objective/strategy: to achieve
long term capital growth by investing in globally diversified portfolio of
financial sector stocks.
Global Absolute Return Fund. Investment objective/strategy: to deliver
capital growth over rolling 12 month periods, in all market conditions.
Global Convertible Fund. Investment objective/strategy: to generate positive
returns with low volatility through a variety of investment and trading
strategies, primarily in the global convertible market.
Global Insurance Fund. Investment objective/strategy: to achieve capital
growth through investment in companies operating in the international
insurance sector.
Global Technology Fund. Investment objective/strategy: to achieve
above average capital growth by investing in a globally diversified
portfolio of technology companies.
Healthcare Blue Chip Fund. Investment objective/strategy: to achieve
long-term capital appreciation by investing in a globally diversified
portfolio of healthcare companies.
Healthcare Opportunities Fund. Investment objective/strategy: to
preserve capital and achieve long term capital appreciation by investing in a
globally diversified portfolio of healthcare companies.
Income Opportunities Fund. Investment objective/strategy: to provide an
attractive level of income together with capital growth by investing primarily in
the equity, debt and other securities of financial companies worldwide.
Japan Fund. Investment objective/strategy: to achieve long term capital
growth through investment in shares of companies listed in Japan and other
Japanese related investments.
Japan Value Fund. Investment objective/strategy: to achieve long-term
capital growth by investing in the shares of companies, or companies that
generate a significant amount of their business in Japan. Taking a ‘value’
approach, investing in large, medium and small capitalisation companies.
North American Fund. Investment objective/strategy: to achieve long term
capital appreciation by way of investing in a diversified portfolio of North
American companies.
UK Absolute Equity Fund. Investment objective/strategy: to achieve a
positive absolute return on a 12 month rolling basis by investing predominantly
in UK companies and, to a lesser degree, in European and global equities
UK Value Opportunities Fund. Investment objective/strategy: to achieve
long term capital appreciation by primarily investing in a diversified portfolio
of equity securities listed in the UK.
In addition, Polar Capital advises three closed-end investment companies whose shares
are listed on the Official List of the London Stock Exchange. Shares in these funds have
not been offered by Polar Capital or its affiliates directly or indirectly to U.S. persons.
In addition, the Investment Adviser serves as the investment adviser with discretionary
trading authority and also provides discretionary advisory services to separately
managed accounts (the "Managed Accounts").
As used herein, the term "client" generally refers to each Fund and each beneficial
owner of a Managed Account.
This Brochure generally includes information about the Polar Capital LLP and its
relationships with its clients and affiliates. While much of this Brochure applies to all
such clients and affiliates, certain information included herein applies to specific
clients or affiliates only.
This Brochure does not constitute an offer to sell or solicitation of an offer to buy any
securities. Persons reviewing this Brochure should not construe this as an offer to sell
or solicitation of an offer to buy the securities of any of the Funds described herein.
Any such offer or solicitation will be made only by means of a confidential private
placement memorandum.
C. Assets under Management. Polar Capital’s discretionary assets under management for
all clients as of March 29 2019, aggregated U.S. $18bn, held in 26 Polar Funds and 2
managed accounts.
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Polar Capital charges each Polar Fund, in the aggregate, a management fee (ranging
between 1 and 2 percent annually) and a performance fee (see Item 6), as specifically
described in each Polar Fund’s prospectus. An initial fee of up to 5 percent of the
subscribed amount may be payable by subscribers of New Participating Shares in a
Polar Fund. The initial fee will be payable to the extent that the fees and expenses of
intermediaries need to be met, if not waived by the directors of the applicable fund. In
addition redemption fees may be charged under certain circumstances, including
transfers from one class of a fund’s shares to another class.
The fees applicable to each Managed Account are set forth in detail in each Managed
Account's investment management agreement.
All fees for Managed Accounts are subject to negotiation and established pursuant to
each Managed Account's investment management agreement. Generally, the
investment management agreements are terminable upon receipt by either party from
the other of prior written notice of termination and after the expiration of the specified
notice period and the client will be entitled to any unearned prepaid portion of the
Management Fee to the extent applicable.
Fees are deducted from the assets of the relevant Polar Fund and typically computed on
a regular basis by the administrator of the applicable Polar Fund, and paid to Polar
Capital by the Polar Fund’s administrator as specified in the governing investment
management agreement. Polar Capital cannot automatically deduct fees from client
accounts, although the investment management agreement generally authorizes
payment from the client account. Polar Funds also incur brokerage, custodial,
administration, audit and other costs and expenses, as described in each Polar Fund’s
prospectus.
Employees of Polar Capital and its affiliates may invest in Polar Funds, and in the case
of portfolio managers and analysts, are encouraged to invest in the funds they manage.
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Polar Capital charges each Polar Fund, in the aggregate, a performance fee, calculated
in arrears on the performance growth of the assets in the Polar Fund. The performance
fee is calculated at a flat percentage (typically 10 or 20 percent) of either the growth of
the Polar Fund in the past year, or the performance of the Polar Fund over its specified
performance benchmark. To the extent that Polar Capital also manages accounts that
charge only management fees, Polar Capital may have a conflict of interest in that an
account with a performance-based fee will offer the potential for higher profitability
when compared to an account with only a management fee. Performance-based fee
arrangements may create an incentive for Polar Capital to recommend investments
which may be riskier or more speculative than those which would be recommended
under a different fee arrangement. Performance-based fee arrangements may also
create an incentive to favour higher fee paying accounts over other accounts in the
devotion of time and resources and the allocation of investment opportunities. Polar
Capital addresses such conflicts through its policies and procedures incorporated in its
Compliance Manual and Employee Handbook and its oversight processes. (See Items
11, 12 and 13.)
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Polar Capital offers its services primarily to Polar Funds and managed accounts, all
of which are pooled investment vehicles, as described in Item 4. Investors in Polar
Funds include individuals, banking or thrift institutions, investment companies
(including mutual funds), pension and profit-sharing plans, pooled investment
vehicles (such as hedge funds), high net worth individuals, collateralized debt
obligations (CDO’s), charitable organizations, trusts and estates, corporations and
other business entities, and state or municipal government entities. Certain
employees of Polar Capital and its affiliates invest in one or more of the Polar
Funds. U.S. persons must be Qualified Purchasers in order to invest in Polar
Funds. The Polar Funds require investors to make representations concerning
investors’ eligibility, sophistication, awareness of the inherent risks and ability to
bear the risk of loss of their entire investment. The Polar Funds reserve the right to
reject any investor application.
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Methods of Analysis. Polar Capital employs various methods of securities analysis,
including charting, cyclical, fundamental, technical, macro-economic and quantitative
investment modelling. Sources of information relevant publicly filed financial and
reporting documents, such as annual and periodic reports and other filings with
regulators and exchanges, investment conferences, interviews with company
managements and participation in public phone calls held by companies for investors
and analysts, review of relevant trade journals, industry publications, investment
banking and other investment industry research reports, industry trade conferences and
other events, company press releases and websites, internal and external assessments,
analysis of general and specific events and other sources of material deemed relevant.
No method of securities analysis will necessarily result in a particular investment result
or outcome; the use of investment tools cannot guarantee investment performance.
Polar Capital’s methods of analysis involve inherent risk that any valuations, pricing
inefficiencies or other opportunities identified may not materialize or have the
anticipated impact. Prices of securities may not react as expected or predicted. Each
method of analysis relies in varying degrees on external information which presents the
risk that analysis may be compromised by inaccurate, incomplete, false, biased or
misleading information. Securities prices may be affected by various factors, such as
overall market movement or natural disasters, independent of the methodology used to
select securities. Certain analytical techniques involve the use of mathematical models
that are based on assumptions that may prove incorrect, unreasonable or incomplete.
Investment Strategies. Investment strategies used to implement investment
decisions include long term investments; short term investments; trading activities;
hedging activities; investments in specific sectors and geographic regions or
countries; investments in convertible fixed income, fixed income, absolute return,
value, and growth securities; long/short portfolios; short sales and margin
transactions. A Polar Fund may use one or more strategies, as disclosed in a
fund’s prospectus and related materials and reports to investors.
Principal Investment Risks. Polar Capital’s investment strategies involve various
material risks, as outlined in the summary below. Certain risks may not apply to
all strategies or apply to a material degree. Each Polar Fund investor must read the
prospectus and related material for further information on the risks associated with
a particular Polar Fund.
Risk of Loss. Investing in securities involves risk of loss, including possible loss
of principal.
Equity Market Risk. Equity securities, such as common stocks, preferred stocks,
convertible securities, rights, warrants and depositary receipts are subject to market
risks that may cause their prices to fluctuate over time. Historically the equity
markets have moved in cycles and the value of a specific strategy’s securities may
fluctuate substantially from day to day, and during other periods of time.
Fixed Income Securities Risk. Fixed income securities include traditional debt
securities issues by corporations, special purpose vehicles and government entities,
such as bonds, notes and debentures, and debt securities that are convertible into
common stock and interests. The market value of fixed-income securities is sensitive
to changes in interest rates. In general, when interest rates rise, the fixed-income
security’s market value declines and when interest rates decline, its value rises.
Normally, the longer the remaining maturity of a security, the greater the effect of
interest rate changes on the market value of the security. Fixed income securities are
subject to the credit risk of the issuer. Changes in the ability of an issuer to make
payments of interest and principal and in the market’s perception of an issuer’s
creditworthiness affect the market value of the fixed-income securities of that issuer.
Fixed-income securities may also be subject to yield-curve risk. When the yield curve
shifts, the price of a bond, which was initially priced based on the initial yield curve,
will change. Keeping the duration of the bond portfolio relatively short reduces yield
curve risk.
Fixed-income securities may also be subject to call risk. When interest rates are low,
issuers will often repay the obligation underlying a “callable security” early, in which
case the proceeds may have to be reinvested in an investment offering a lower yield,
thereby losing the benefit that otherwise might have resulted in an increased value in
the called security due to declining interest rates.
Fixed-income securities are subject to inflation risk, liquidity risk and reinvestment
risk. Inflation may erode the purchasing power of the cash flows generated by fixed-
income securities. Fixed-rate debt securities are more susceptible to inflation risk than
floating- rate debt securities. Liquidity risk means that certain fixed-income securities
may be difficult to sell at the time and price desired. Reinvestment risk occurs when
the interest income or principal payments from debt securities is reinvested at interest
rates that have declined. A decline in income may affect overall return.
Foreign and Emerging Market Risk. Foreign securities involve risks in addition to
those associated with U.S. securities, including exposure to less developed or less
efficient trading markets; social, political, or economic instability; fluctuations in
foreign currencies; nationalizations or expropriation of assets; settlement, custodial or
other operational risks; and less stringent auditing and legal standards. As a result,
foreign securities can fluctuate more widely in price, and may also be less liquid, than
comparable U.S. securities, and foreign markets can perform differently than U.S.
markets. World markets may all react in similar fashion to important economic or
political developments. Investing in emerging market countries involves additional
risks such as increased volatility of individual securities and the markets themselves,
along with less liquidity than securities of issuers in countries with more developed
economies or markets.
Market Capitalization Risk. (Small-, Mid- and Large-Cap Stocks Risk). Small-,
mid-, or large-cap stocks, each have associated risks. Compared to small- and mid-cap
companies, large-cap companies may be less responsive to changes and opportunities.
At times, the stocks of larger companies may lag other types of stocks in performance.
The stocks of small- and mid-cap companies are often more volatile and less liquid
than the stocks of larger companies and may be more affected than other types of
stocks by the underperformance of a sector or during market downturns. Compared to
large-cap companies, small and mid-cap companies may have a shorter history of
operations, and may have limited product lines, markets or financial resources.
Issuer Specific Risk. The value of an individual security or particular type of
security can be more volatile than the market as a whole and can perform differently
from the value of the market as a whole.
Sector Risk. Performance of investments in particular sectors will be especially
sensitive to developments that significantly affect those sectors. Individual sectors
may move up and down more than the broader market. The several industries that
constitute a sector may all react in the same way to economic, political or regulatory
events.
Growth Stock Risk. Because the prices of most growth stocks are based on future
expectations, these stocks tend to be more sensitive than value stocks to bad
economic news and negative earnings surprises. Bad economic news or changing
investor perceptions can negatively affect growth stocks across several industries
and sectors simultaneously.
Value Stock Risk. Value stocks may remain undervalued during a given period or
may not ever realize their full value. This may happen, among other reasons, because
of a failure to anticipate which stocks or industries would benefit from changing
market or economic conditions.
Illiquidity Risk. A strategy may hold securities that are illiquid and cannot be
transferred or redeemed for a substantial period of time, and there may be little or no
near-term cash flow available to investors in the interim. Likewise, a portfolio may
not receive any distributions representing the return of capital on an illiquid security
for an indefinite period of time.
Brokerage Commissions/Transactions Costs/High Portfolio Turnover Risk. A
high portfolio turnover rate increases transaction costs, including brokerage
commissions and dealer cost. Additionally, there is the risk that a broker may become
insolvent, which could lead to a lower return and adversely impact the strategy’s
performance. Further, higher portfolio turnover may result in the realization of more
short-term capital gains than a lower portfolio turnover.
Concentration of Investments. A high percentage of investment in the assets in any
one issuer could increase the risk of loss and volatility, because the value of issue
holdings would be more susceptible to adverse events affecting the issuer.
Investment Strategy and Portfolio Management Risk. There can be no assurance
that an investment strategy will produce an intended result, which would result in
losses to an investor, including, potentially, a complete loss of principal. The
performance of a strategy depends on the skill of Polar Capital and its portfolio
manager(s) in making appropriate investment decisions.
Short Selling. A Polar Fund may engage in short selling. Short selling involves selling
securities which may or may not be owned and borrowing the same securities for
delivery to the purchaser, with an obligation to replace the borrowing the same
securities for delivery to the purchaser, with an obligation to replace the borrowed
securities at a later date. Short selling allows the investor to profit from declines in
securities. There can be no assurance that the security necessary to cover a short
position will be available for purchase, nor that the price of the underlying security will
not increase, thus increasing the cost of buying those securities to cover the short
position.
Hedge Fund Risk.
Leveraged and Speculative Investments. An investment in hedge funds is
speculative and involves a high degree of risk. Hedge funds commonly engage in
swaps, futures, forwards, options and other derivative transactions that can result in
volatile fund performance. Leveraging may increase risk.
Limited Liquidity. There are limited channels in the secondary market through which
investors can attempt to sell and/or purchase interests in hedge funds. An investor’s
ability to transact business in the secondary market is subject to restrictions on
transferring interest in hedge funds, and hedge funds may suspend or limit the right of
redemption under certain circumstances. Thus, an investment in hedge funds should be
regarded an illiquid.
Absence of Regulatory Oversight. Hedge funds are not required to be registered
under the Investment Company Act of 1940; therefore hedge funds are not subject to
the same regulatory requirements as mutual funds.
Dependence upon Investment Manager. The general partner or manager of a hedge
fund normally has total trading authority over its respective fund. The use of a single
advisor applying generally similar trading programs could mean the lack of
diversification and consequently, higher risk.
Foreign Exchange. Hedge funds may execute a portion of their trades on foreign
exchanges. Material economic conditions and/or events involving those exchanges may
affect future results.
Fees and Expenses. Hedge funds often charge high fees including
performance fees; such fees and expenses may offset.
Complex Tax Structures. Hedge funds may involve complex tax structures
and delays in distributing important tax information.
Business and Regulatory Risks of Hedge Funds. Legal, tax and regulatory
changes could occur during the term of a hedge fund that may adversely affect the
fund or its managers.
Fund Specific Risks. Each Polar Fund prospectus contains explanation and details
of risks which investors must read and consider.
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Polar Capital and its management persons are not registered as broker-dealers and do
not have any application pending to register with the SEC as a broker-dealer or
registered representative of a broker-dealer.
Polar Capital and its management persons are not registered as, and do not have any
application to register as, futures commission merchants, commodity pool operators,
commodity trading advisors or associated persons of the foregoing entities.
Polar Capital may recommend that investors in a Polar Fund consider investing in
other Polar Funds in which Polar Capital and its affiliates have a financial interest by
virtue of serving as investment manager and promoter. However Polar and its
affiliates do not receive commissions for the sale of shares or interests of the Polar
Funds.
Polar Capital’s relationship with its parent, Polar Holdings, is material to its business
because Polar Holdings provides material administrative, technology, executive,
operations and related support to Polar Capital. Fees generated by Polar Capital
provide essential revenues to Polar Holdings, and Polar Holdings is a source of
capital for Polar Capital.
Polar Capital has a material relationship with its affiliate, Polar America, because Polar
America sub-advises the Global Convertible UCITS Fund.
Polar Capital has a material relationship with its affiliate, Polar Europe, because Polar
Europe is a sub investment advisor for the Japan Value UCITS Fund and Polar Capital
China Mercury Fund Limited.
Any and all compensation arrangements are set out in the applicable fund or account
documentation.
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Trading
A Code of Ethics as required under Rule 204A-1 of the Advisers Act (the "Code"). The
Code is incorporated within the Polar Capital Compliance Manual and Employee
Handbook. The Compliance Manual and Employee Handbook include detailed
requirements, policies and procedures required by the FCA, the primary regulator of
Polar Capital, in addition to policies and procedures required under the Advisers Act.
All Polar Capital employees are subject to policies and procedures pertaining to
personal trading and trading while in possession of confidential or inside information,
and reporting requirements with respect to personal trading. All employees are
considered “Access Persons” under Rule 204A, and must provide written
acknowledgement to Polar Capital that they have read and understood the Code.
Employees are required to submit securities holdings reports, transactions reports, and
transaction pre-clearance requests to the Chief Compliance Officer (the “CCO”).
Polar Capital will provide a copy of the Code of Ethics to any current or
prospective client or any Polar Fund current or prospective shareholder upon
request.
Securities that Polar Capital or a Related Person Has a Material Financial Interest.
Cross Trades Polar Capital may determine that it would be in the best interests of certain clients to transfer a
security from one client to another (each such transfer, a "Cross Trade") for a variety of reasons,
including, without limitation, tax purposes, liquidity purposes, to rebalance the portfolios of the
clients, or to reduce transaction costs that may arise in an open market transaction. If Polar
Capital decides to engage in a Cross Trade, Polar Capital will determine that the trade is in the
best interests of each client involved in it and take steps to ensure that the transaction is
consistent with the duty to obtain best execution for each of those clients.
Polar Capital generally executes Cross Trades with the assistance of a broker-dealer who
executes and books the transaction at the close of the market on the day of the transaction.
Alternatively, a Cross Trade between two clients may occur as an "internal cross", where Polar
Capital instructs the custodian for the clients to book the transaction at the price determined in
accordance with Polar Capital's valuation policy. If Polar Capital effects an internal cross, Polar
Capital will not receive any fee in connection with the completion of the transaction.
Principal Transactions Polar is not permitted to deal as principal; therefore, it cannot buy an investment from a Client,
sell an investment to a Client or share in an aggregated transaction for a Client.
Investing in Securities that Polar Capital or a Related Person Recommends to Clients.
The Code places restrictions on personal trades by employees, including that they disclose their
personal securities holdings and transactions to Polar Capital on a periodic basis, and requires
that employees pre-clear certain types of personal securities transactions. Generally, and subject
to certain exceptions, Polar Capital's employees may not engage in personal securities trading
and may only dispose of securities held in their respective personal trading accounts. Any such
disposition of securities must be pre-cleared. However, related persons may purchase and sell
mutual funds and broad-based exchange-traded funds ("ETFs"). Some clients may invest in the
same or similar mutual funds and ETFs.
Polar Capital, its affiliates and its employees may give advice or take action for their own
accounts that may differ from, conflict with or be adverse to advice given or action taken for
clients. These activities may adversely affect the prices and availability of other securities or
instruments held by or potentially considered for one or more clients. Potential conflicts also
may arise due to the fact that Polar Capital LLP and its personnel may have investments in some
Funds but not in others or may have different levels of investments in the various Funds.
Polar Capital has established policies and procedures to monitor and resolve conflicts with
respect to investment opportunities in a manner it deems fair and equitable, including the
restrictions placed on personal trading in the Code, as described above, and regular monitoring
of employee transactions and trading patterns for actual or perceived conflicts of interest,
including those conflicts that may arise as a result of personal trades in the same or similar
securities made at or about the same time as client trades.
Conflicts of Interest Created by Contemporaneous Trading.
Polar Capital manages investments on behalf of a number of clients. Certain clients have
investment programs that are similar to or overlap and may, therefore, participate with each
other in investments. It is the policy of Polar Capital to allocate investment opportunities among
all clients fairly, to the extent practical and in accordance with each client's applicable
investment strategies, over a period of time. Polar Capital will have no obligation to purchase or
sell a security for, enter into a transaction on behalf of, or provide an investment opportunity to
any client solely because Polar Capital purchases or sells the same security for, enters into a
transaction on behalf of, or provides an opportunity to any client if, in its reasonable opinion,
such security, transaction or investment opportunity does not appear to be suitable, practical or
desirable for the client.
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Broker Selection. A number of factors are considered for the selection of brokers with
the goal being best execution of orders. Polar Capital will take into account all relevant
factors, including; price, costs (implicit and explicit), size, speed, likelihood of
execution, likelihood and timeliness of settlement, the nature of the order, conflict of
interests in trading with the counterparty, willingness of the trading counterparty to use
its balance sheet to trade, ability to retain anonymity in the market, and prevention of
information leakage, and all these factors as a whole. Each Polar Fund has a list of
approved brokers that its Portfolio Managers use for transactions, with the discretions
to choose a broker from the list. A fund’s Board of Directors reviews the commissions
for each broker at regular quarterly meetings and may challenge the use of a broker or
brokers.
Research and Other Soft Dollar Benefits. The Firm has determined, in conjunction
with its clients, that the Investment Manager will bear the cost of waterfront research
subscriptions. Waterfront research includes all corporate and non-corporate written
research provided to the investment manager. It does not include one-on-one meetings
with the research providers analysts, independent research or specialist strategy
research.
Polar Capital operates an opt-in policy whereby the Investment Manager determines
which waterfront research each client receives. Each fund team elects to receive
waterfront research from a specific research provider where they believe it is beneficial
to the client and the investment process.
The Firm has agreed with its clients that all additional, bespoke research, including
meetings with research providers and specialist specific research, will be paid for by
the client. Where bespoke research is provided for the benefit of several clients, the
cost of this research will be pro-rated across clients based on each client’s agreed
budget. Clients with several funds will have each research expense allocated based on
fund AUMs within the strategy.
Polar Capital has established a research payment account for its clients. Each client will
accrue for research within their valuation based on the agreed budget and pay down into
the Polar Capital RPA as and when research is paid for. It is not expected that accrued
funds from 2019 will remain in the RPA account for a period greater than one week.
Polar Capital ensures that no part of trading commission spend will be allocated to pay
for research and all trade commission are paid for execution services only.
Brokerage for Client Referrals. Polar Capital does not direct brokerage to any
broker- dealer in return for client referrals.
Directed Brokerage. Polar Capital does not have any directed brokerage
arrangements for the Polar Funds.
Trade Orders and Allocation of Investment Opportunities. In many instances, Polar
Capital portfolio managers may give advice or take actions in performing their duties for
clients that is not uniform or consistent with advice or actions by other Polar Capital
portfolio managers or Polar Capital affiliates for other clients. Polar Capital is not
obligated to buy, sell or recommend for a client any security or other investment that
may be bought, sold or recommended for any other clients.
Trade Orders and Allocations. Comparable client orders are carried out sequentially
and promptly unless the characteristics of the order or prevailing market conditions
make this impracticable or the interest of the client require otherwise. Generally, all
actual allocations by a PM/PM Group must be made on the exact same basis as the
intended allocation recorded on the dealing ticket.
Allocation of Aggregated Transactions. Transactions are generally not traded on an
aggregated basis. If portfolio managers decide that it would be in the best interests
of clients to engage in aggregated transactions, the following policies and
procedures generally apply:
1. Transactions must not be aggregated unless it is likely that aggregation will not
disadvantage any clients whose transactions are being aggregated bearing in mind
the likely volumes of stock available and the effect this may have on the price of
orders, and clients have been advised that the effect of aggregation may work to
their disadvantage in relation to specific orders.
2. The intended basis of allocation must be documented prior to placing an
aggregated order.
3. Aggregated orders completed within 24 hours of instruction (or upon expiry of the
“indication of interest” period) must be allocated at the average price achieved, in
line with the intended basis of allocation. Variances from this must be
documented.
4. Where aggregated orders are not wholly filled (e.g., illiquid stocks, IPOs) and the
amounts of stocks are too small to be allocated pro-rata (with the intended basis of
allocation), they must be allocated on a demonstrably fair basis by the portfolio
managers who must record the basis of the allocation on the dealing ticket. Subject
to5 below, this must be documented on a case by case basis with reference to the)
client’s investment objectives and investment strategy, ii) likely future liquidity of
the stock; and iii) likely administrative costs relating to small holdings.
5. Where a Polar Fund has agreed to a de minimis holding value with its Board of
Directors, below which it is unlikely to be interested in holding a partial
allocation, it is not necessary to document further the reasons the portfolio
manager has decided transactions below that amount have not been allocated to it.
Trades and allocations are reviewed by the Risk, Operations, and Compliance
departments as well as the Risk Committee that meets monthly and Valuation
Committee that meets at least on a quarterly basis.
Trade Errors. Polar Capital has adopted policies and procedures for correcting trade
errors. Once discovered, trade errors must be resolved promptly and fairly, with the
goal of restoring the account to the appropriate financial position considering all
relevant circumstances surrounding the error.
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A. Portfolio Manager. Portfolio management personnel continually monitor
investment portfolios and individual securities and securities positions as part of
the ongoing investment process.
B. Internal. Polar Capital reviews and monitors all client accounts internally on
an ongoing basis, as follows:
1. The Operations department reviews accounts on a daily basis to ensure all
positions are accounted for and trades settle appropriately. Daily checks are
also conducted by Polar Funds independent administrators and/or prime
brokers.
2. The Operations and Compliance department conducts various weekly,
monthly, quarterly and annual reviews to ensure compliance with Polar
Capital’s allocation, best execution, market abuse and other trading and
compliance policies.
3. Risk personnel conduct daily overviews of accounts for portfolio and
investment risk with formal reviews on a monthly basis by the Risk
Committee.
4. Trades and allocations are reviewed by the Risk, Operations and Compliance
departments as well as the Risk Committee that meets monthly, and the
Valuation Committee that meets on at least a quarterly basis.
5. Unusual situations and market conditions, or specific issues or problems
may cause special reviews by Risk, Operations, Compliance and the
Investment departments.
C. Board Review. Each Polar Fund has an independent Board of Directors which
typically meets quarterly to conduct a review of the Polar Fund, including
considering the following reports:
1. The Chief Executive Officer’s Report provides information relating to the
business, fund flows, investment performance, fund marketing update and
any other relevant matters.
2. The Chief Operating Officer’s Report provides a fund review, Polar Capital
review, third party review of fund administrators and custodians,
commission disclosure and any other relevant matters.
3. The Chief Risk Officer provides a risk report.
4. The Investment Manager’s Report consists of a synopsis of the last 3 months,
summary of the Polar Fund’s performance (absolute, relative and against
competitors), present views and exposures, outlooks and issues of the period
and lessons learned.
D. External Reporting. For each Polar Fund, shareholders receive regular financial
and performance information, along with annual financial statements audited by a
public accounting firm and tax reporting information as described in the prospectus
of each Polar Fund.
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Polar Capital does not receive economic benefits from non-clients for providing
investment advice and other advisory services.
Polar may compensate agents who refer investors to the Polar Funds; such
compensation is paid only in cash, and may be paid by way of management fee
rebates.
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Polar Capital is deemed to have custody of client funds and securities because it
has the authority to obtain client funds or securities, for example, by deducting
advisory fees from a client's account or otherwise withdrawing funds from a
client's account. Account statements related to the clients are sent by qualified
custodians to Polar Capital.
Polar Capital is subject to Rule 206(4)-2 under the Advisers Act (the "Custody
Rule"). However, it is not required to comply (or is deemed to have complied)
with certain requirements of the Custody Rule with respect to each Fund
because it complies with the provisions of the so-called "Pooled Vehicle
Annual Audit Exception", which, among other things, requires that each Fund
be subject to audit at least annually by an independent public accountant that is
registered with, and subject to regular inspection by, the Public Company
Accounting Oversight Board, and requires that each Fund distribute its audited
financial statements to all investors within 120 days of the end of its fiscal year.
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Polar Capital has full investment discretion to manage the assets of each Polar Fund
under the terms of the applicable Polar Fund investment management agreement,
prospectus and related documents, subject to review by the board of each fund. Polar
Capital has full authority to determine the securities to be bought or sold, the brokers
to be used and the commission rates paid. Purchases and sales must be suitable for
the particular fund under its investment objective, strategies and any restrictions.
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Polar Capital has the authority to vote proxies for the securities held by the Polar
Funds. Polar Capital has adopted a Proxy Voting Policy, as briefly described below.
Polar Capital Hedge Funds. Polar Capital has determined that it will generally not vote,
except in specific instances when the responsible portfolio manager believes that it is
in the applicable Polar Fund’s interest to vote.
Investment Companies and Long Only Funds. Polar Capital has determined that it
will generally vote with portfolio company management, except in specific instances
when the responsible portfolio manager believes that it is in the applicable Polar
Fund’s interest to vote against management.
Conflicts of Interest. Each portfolio manager with voting authority is required to
disclose any material conflicts between his or her interest and that of the applicable
Polar Fund. Possible examples are a material business, personal or family relationship
with senior personnel of a portfolio company or a material arrangement with such a
company. Disclosure is made to supervisory personnel and the Legal and Compliance
Officer, who jointly determine the manner in which proxies should be voted.
Polar Capital maintains records of proxy statements and its votes on behalf of clients.
Polar Capital will provide clients and Polar Fund investors a copy of its Proxy Voting
Policy and information on how proxies were voted upon request.
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Polar Capital is not required to include a balance sheet for its most recent fiscal year.
Polar Capital has never filed for bankruptcy and is not aware of any financial condition
that is expected to affect its ability to carry out its business.
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