IRONWOOD CAPITAL MANAGEMENT CORP
- Advisory Business
- Fees and Compensation
- Performance-Based Fees
- Types of Clients
- Methods of Analysis
- Disciplinary Information
- Other Activities
- Code of Ethics
- Brokerage Practices
- Review of Accounts
- Client Referrals
- Custody
- Investment Discretion
- Voting Client Securities
- Financial Information
Identify your principal owner(s). Ironwood is a California corporation that was founded in January 1996 and became registered with the SEC as an investment adviser in July 1999. Ironwood provides discretionary investment advisory services to private investment funds (the “Funds”), and two investment companies (the “Companies”) registered with the SEC under the U.S. Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “Investment Company Act”). Ironwood also provides discretionary investment advisory services to a series of a multi-series fund advised by SALI Fund Management, LLC, a third party registered investment advisor (the “IDF” and, together with the Funds and the Companies,” the “Advisory Clients”). Ironwood serves as the general partner, investment manager or (in the case of the IDF) investment subadvisor to each of the Advisory Clients. The focus of Ironwood’s investment advisory services is to invest and manage the portfolios of the Advisory Clients, which are invested in underlying private investment funds that are managed by independent investment managers that utilize a number of hedge fund strategies.
The Funds
The Funds are organized in a master-feeder structure. Each of Ironwood International Ltd., Ironwood Institutional Ltd., and Ironwood Non-Dollar Fund SPC (the “Ironwood Feeder Funds”) invests all of its assets in Ironwood Partners L.P. (the “Master Fund”).
The Companies
The Companies are organized in a master-feeder structure whereby Ironwood Multi-Strategy Fund LLC (the “Feeder Company”) invests substantially all of its assets in Ironwood Institutional Multi-Strategy Fund LLC (the “Master Company”). In addition to investing directly in underlying private investment funds, the Master Fund’s assets may be invested through its wholly-owned and controlled foreign subsidiary, Ironwood Multi-Strategy Fund Ltd. (the “Cayman Subsidiary”), or its wholly controlled Delaware limited partnership subsidiary, Ironwood Multi-Strategy Fund LP (the “Delaware Subsidiary”).
The IDF
The IDF, Ironwood Insurance Fund, is a series of SALI Multi-Series Fund, L.P. The principal owners of Ironwood are: Jonathan Gans, Chief Executive Officer & President of Ironwood; Frederick M. and Shelby M. Gans Trust U/A/D 4/21/95 (the “Gans Trust”); Frederick Gans, as trustee of the Gans Trust; and Shelby Gans, as trustee of the Gans Trust. Benjamin Zack, Managing Director, and Alison Sanger, Chief Operating Officer, also have ownership interests in Ironwood. William Phillips, Director of Investor Relations, Simon Hong, Director, Alana Montanari, Director, and Laurie Chatoff, Chief Financial Officer, each participate in a stock-based compensation plan designed to compensate them as if they were direct owners of Ironwood.
specializing in a particular type of advisory service, such as financial
planning, quantitative analysis, or market timing, explain the nature of that
service in greater detail. If you provide investment advice only with respect
to limited types of investments, explain the type of investment advice you
offer, and disclose that your advice is limited to those types of investments. Ironwood generally has broad and flexible investment authority with respect to the Advisory Clients. Each Advisory Client’s investment objectives and strategy is set forth in a confidential informational memorandum or explanatory memorandum provided to each investor (in the case of the Funds) or prospectus (in the case of the Companies). Unless otherwise indicated, investors in the Funds and the Companies are collectively referred to herein as “Investors”.
Ironwood manages fund of hedge fund vehicles with similar portfolios and identical risk and return objectives. As noted above in response to Item 4.A, each Advisory Client allocates capital among a number of independent third-party investment managers (“Advisers”) acting through pooled entities such as limited partnerships, limited liability companies and offshore corporations or through managed accounts (collectively, “Investment Vehicles”). Ironwood may in the future establish special purpose vehicles, for a variety of investment, tax and other planning purposes.
Ironwood’s investment objective is capital appreciation with limited volatility of returns.
While the Advisory Clients may invest in any type of Investment Vehicle and with any type of Adviser, Ironwood expects that the Advisory Clients will invest in Investment Vehicles or with Advisers that generally fall into the following four hedge fund sectors:
relative value;
event driven;
market neutral & low net equity; and distressed & credit securities.
The Advisers in these general hedge fund sectors utilize a variety of investment strategies, including, but not limited to, fundamental equity market neutral, risk and event arbitrage, distressed and stressed securities, convertible bond arbitrage, capital structure arbitrage, systematic trading, fixed income arbitrage and private investments. Investments may also be made with Advisers employing other investment strategies involving stocks, bonds, futures, stock futures, forwards, swaps, options and other financial instruments. Ironwood seeks to diversify its investments in Investment Vehicles and Advisers within sectors and across strategies in an attempt to offset the risks of other investments in sectors, strategies or the financial markets as a whole. However, in allocating the Advisory Clients’ assets to the Investment Vehicles and Advisers, Ironwood is not subject to any formal diversification requirements. By seeking to invest with a diverse group of Advisers that in turn utilize a diverse group of strategies, Ironwood anticipates that the capital deployed within strategies by certain Advisers is not expected to significantly correlate with investments undertaken by other Advisers, although there can be no assurance that this will be the case. Ironwood anticipates that the Advisory Clients will generally have investments in 15 to 30 Investment Vehicles at any given point. However, Ironwood reserves the right to increase or decrease the number of Investment Vehicles and to revise its method of allocating to capital to them if, in the sole discretion of Ironwood, such changes are warranted. The IDF may invest directly in Investment Vehicles and indirectly through investments in one or more Advisory Clients.
individual needs of clients. Explain whether clients may impose restrictions
on investing in certain securities or types of securities.
Ironwood does not tailor its advisory services to the individual needs of Investors and does not accept Investor-imposed investment restrictions.
Ironwood may enter into arrangements or agreements with certain Investors (“Side Letters”) granting them additional and/or different rights or terms than those set forth in the Advisory Clients’ offering documents. Such rights may include, without limitation, greater portfolio transparency, or preferential fee terms, including limits on aggregate fees charged. Ironwood is generally not obligated to disclose Side Letter terms to other Investors or obtain their approval before entering into any Side Letter. However, Ironwood will not enter into a Side Letter if it determines that the Side Letter would have a material adverse effect on the other Investors in the relevant Advisory Client. Ironwood has not entered into Side Letters with Investors that impose restrictions on investing in certain securities or types of securities. In the future, Ironwood may enter into such Side Letters.
services, (1) describe the differences, if any, between how you manage wrap
fee accounts and how you manage other accounts, and (2) explain that you
receive a portion of the wrap fee for your services. Not applicable. Ironwood does not participate in wrap fee programs.
on a discretionary basis and the amount of client assets you manage on a non-
discretionary basis. Disclose the date “as of” which you calculated the amounts. As of December 31, 2018, Ironwood had approximately $3.366 billion of regulatory assets under management, managed on a discretionary basis. Ironwood does not presently manage any assets on a non-discretionary basis. please register to get more info
fee schedule. Disclose whether the fees are negotiable. Ironwood typically charges fees that are based upon a set percentage of assets under management. Detailed disclosure about the fees and other expenses applicable to an investment in an Advisory Client is provided in such Advisory Client’s offering documents, including any supplements, provided to each Investor and prospective Investors. Such documents should be reviewed carefully prior to making an investment in an Advisory Client.
The Funds
Investors compensate Ironwood by an asset-based management fee of 1.45% per annum of each Investor’s assets invested in the applicable Fund, payable quarterly in arrears.
Ironwood pays all ongoing ordinary administrative and operational costs of a Fund and Ironwood. In lieu of direct reimbursement for such Fund expenses, Ironwood receives a monthly expense reimbursement equal to 1/12 of 0.25% of each Investor’s closing capital account for such m o n t h (a 0.25% annual rate). The expense reimbursement paid to Ironwood may be greater than the amount of a Fund’s expenses actually paid Ironwood. Please see item 5.C below for additional information about expenses paid by the Funds.
Ironwood may, in its discretion, waive all or a portion of the management fee and/or expense reimbursement payable by an Investor or charge different fees without waiving such fee or reimbursement or charging different fees for any other Investor. Principals, employees and certain affiliates of Ironwood currently invested in the Funds are not charged the asset-based fees described above.
The Companies
The Master Company pays to Ironwood, as compensation for its investment advisory services, a fee (the “Advisory Fee”). The Advisory Fee is 1.20% per annum of the net asset value of the Master Company, accrues monthly and is payable quarterly in arrears. The Feeder Company does not pay an Advisory Fee.
In addition, the Feeder Company pays to Ironwood an account servicing fee (the “Account Servicing Fee”) of 0.75% per annum of the net asset value of each Investor’s assets, accrues monthly and is payable quarterly in arrears. The Companies’ fees are not negotiable.
The IDF
Investors compensate Ironwood by an asset-based management fee of 1.20% per annum of each Investor’s assets invested in the IDF, payable quarterly in advance. The IDF’s general partner has the authority to establish different management fees for different limited partnership interests in the IDF. IT IS IMPORTANT THAT INVESTORS REFER TO THEIR RESPECTIVE ADVISORY CLIENT’S GOVERNING DOCUMENTS FOR A COMPLETE UNDERSTANDING OF HOW IRONWOOD IS COMPENSATED FOR ITS ADVISORY SERVICES. THE INFORMATION CONTAINED HEREIN IS A SUMMARY ONLY AND IS QUALIFIED IN ITS ENTIRETY BY THE RELEVANT ADVISORY CLIENT’S GOVERNING DOCUMENTS.
incurred. If clients may select either method, disclose this fact. Explain how
often you bill clients or deduct your fees.
Ironwood deducts applicable fees from the account of each Investor in the Funds and in the IDF. The Companies pay fees to Ironwood directly. The management fee may be charged at either the master or the feeder level (but without any duplication). Such fees are calculated and deducted by an independent third-party administrator. Investors do not have the ability to choose to be billed directly for fees incurred.
IT IS IMPORTANT THAT INVESTORS REFER TO THEIR RESPECTIVE ADVISORY CLIENT’S GOVERNING DOCUMENTS FOR A COMPLETE UNDERSTANDING OF HOW IRONWOOD IS COMPENSATED FOR ITS ADVISORY SERVICES. THE INFORMATION CONTAINED HEREIN IS A SUMMARY ONLY AND IS QUALIFIED IN ITS ENTIRETY BY THE RELEVANT ADVISORY CLIENT’S GOVERNING DOCUMENTS.
with your advisory services, such as custodian fees or mutual fund expenses.
Disclose that clients will incur brokerage and other transaction costs, and
direct clients to the section(s) of your brochure that discuss brokerage.
The Funds
Ironwood pays all ongoing ordinary administrative and operational costs of the Funds and Ironwood, including the Funds’ administrator’s fees, employees’ salaries, office rent, travel costs, quote machine rent, computer and equipment costs, telephone bills, office supplies, research and data costs, legal costs, accounting costs, filing costs and communication expenses. The Funds pay any extraordinary operating expenses directly. As described in Item 5.A above, in lieu of direct reimbursement, Ironwood receives a monthly expense reimbursement equal to 1/12 of 0.25% of each Investor’s closing capital account for such quarter (a 0.25% annual rate). The expense reimbursement is prorated for partial periods. The expense reimbursement paid to Ironwood may be greater than the amount of a Fund’s expenses actually paid by Ironwood. Ironwood has the authority to allocate any special expenses of each of the Funds to some, but not all, of such Fund’s Investors. Ironwood may, in its discretion, waive all or a portion of the management fee and/or operating expense reimbursement payable by an Investor or charge different fees without waiving such fee or reimbursement or charging different fees for any other Investor. The Funds pay all investment expenses, including but not limited to brokerage commissions and all other costs of executing transactions, interest expense, insurance expense, custodial expense and fees and profit participations payable to Advisers. The compensation earned by Advisers can involve fixed fees based on the value of the assets under management (generally 0% to 3.5% per annum), profit participations earned by Advisers (generally 0% to 35% of such profits) or a combination thereof. Certain Advisers may charge higher or lower fees than those set forth in the preceding sentence.
Each Investor who is introduced to a Fund through a selling agent may be charged a selling commission equal to an amount of the subscription proceeds to be agreed between the selling agent and the Investor. Such commission will be payable to and waivable in whole or in part by the relevant selling agent. Ironwood may also pay fees or agree to share the management fee and/or operating expense reimbursement with certain selling agents.
The Companies
In addition to the fees disclosed in Item 5.A above, the Companies pay all investment expenses, including, but not limited to, brokerage commissions (if any) and all other costs of executing portfolio transactions, all costs and expenses directly related to positions for the Companies’ accounts, such as direct and indirect expenses associated with the Companies’ investments and investments in Investment Vehicles (including management fees and performance allocations to Advisers, which are in the ranges stated above under “The Funds”), costs associated with enforcing the Companies’ rights in respect of such investments, taxes withheld on non-U.S. income, transfer taxes and premiums, professional fees (including, without limitation, the fees and expenses of consultants, accountants, investment bankers, attorneys, and experts, which may be retained to assist with due diligence or similar services with respect to potential or current Investment Vehicles or other purposes), fees and expenses to any third party vendors performing data aggregation and/or risk reporting services, fees and expenses of any third party vendor performing tax compliance services.
The Companies also pay interest expense (including loan commitment fees), custodial expenses, fees and expenses associated with the registration of the Companies’ units, and all other ongoing ordinary administrative and operational expenses of the Companies, including, but not limited to, insurance expense (including, but not limited to, errors and omissions, directors’ and officers’ liability insurance and fidelity bond), legal costs, accounting costs, taxes, fees and expenses paid to the Companies’ administrator, transfer agent, custodian and regulatory and compliance administrator; costs of preparing and distributing updated prospectuses and subscription documents; costs of preparing reports and other communications, including proxy, tender offer correspondence or similar materials; fees and expenses related to tax return and reporting preparation, review and distribution to unit holders; fees of independent directors and travel expenses of directors relating to meetings of the board of directors and committees thereof; all costs and charges for equipment or services used in communicating information regarding transactions between Ironwood and any custodian or other agent engaged by or on behalf of the Companies; and any extraordinary expenses, including indemnification expenses as provided for in the limited liability company agreements of the Companies. The Companies also pay to their distributor, Foreside Fund Services LLC (“Foreside”), certain fees for providing distribution services to the Companies and reimburse certain expenses incurred by Foreside in connection with the registration of the Companies’ units for sale. Ironwood bears all ongoing ordinary administrative and operational costs of Ironwood, including employees’ salaries, office rent, travel costs, computer and equipment costs, telephone bills, office supplies, research and data costs, legal costs, accounting costs, filing costs and communication expenses.
Pursuant to an expense limitation agreement with the Companies, Ironwood has contractually agreed to waive advisory fees payable to Ironwood by the Companies and/or reimburse the Companies’ expenses to the extent necessary to ensure that the monthly expenses of the Companies (excluding taxes, brokerage commissions, custody fees, account servicing fees, interest expenses incurred in connection with the Master Company’s credit facility, other transaction-related expenses, any extraordinary expenses of the Companies, any fees and profit participations payable to Advisers and the Advisory Fee paid by the Companies) will not exceed 0.020833% (0.25% per annum) of the Companies’ net assets as of each fiscal period closing during the term of the agreement (the “Expense Limitation”), before giving effect to (i) any repurchase payments to be paid in respect of a tender offer by the Companies that is as of such date, (ii) any distributions to be paid as of such date (including any distributions paid in respect of dividends declared by the Companies in the preceding fiscal period), or (iii) Advisory Fees assessed on the Companies as of such date. The Companies will carry forward, for a period not to exceed three years from the date on which a waiver or reimbursement is made by Ironwood, any expenses in excess of the Expense Limitation and repay Ironwood such amounts; provided that the Companies are able to effect such reimbursement and remain in compliance with the Expense Limitation disclosed in the then-effective Prospectus.
An Investor who is introduced to the Companies through a broker-dealer may be charged by the broker-dealer a commission or sales charge, equal to a percentage of the subscription.
Please refer to Ironwood’s response to Item 14.B (Client Referrals and Other Compensation) for information about commissions that may be charged to Investors in the Funds or the Companies.
The IDF
The IDF pays all investment expenses, including, but not limited to, brokerage commissions (if any) and all other costs of executing portfolio transactions, all costs and expenses directly related to positions for the IDF’s account, such as direct and indirect expenses associated with the IDF’s investments and investments in Investment Vehicles (including management fees to Advisers and performance fees or allocations to such Advisers), costs associated with enforcing the IDF’s rights in respect of such investments, taxes withheld on non-U.S. income, transfer taxes and premiums, professional fees (including, without limitation, the fees and expenses of consultants, accountants, investment bankers, attorneys, and experts, which may be retained to assist with due diligence or similar services with respect to potential or current Investment Vehicles or other purposes), fees and expenses to any third party vendors performing data aggregation and/or risk reporting services, fees and expenses of any third party vendor performing tax compliance services. The IDF also pays interest expenses, custodial expenses and all other ongoing ordinary administrative and operational expenses, including, but not limited to, insurance expense (including, but not limited to, errors and omissions and directors’ and officers’ liability insurance), legal costs, accounting costs, taxes, fees of administrator or sub-administrator, costs of preparing reports and other communications, fees and expenses related to tax return and reporting preparation, all costs and charges for equipment or services used in communicating information regarding transactions between Ironwood and any custodian or other agent engaged by or on behalf of the IDF and any extraordinary expenses, including indemnification expenses as provided for in the IDF’s organizational documents or subadvisor agreement. The IDF will also pay for an allocated amount of the out-of-pocket expenses that are incurred in connection with the administration of the Partnership generally.
Ironwood is responsible for all costs and expenses incidental to the performance of services with respect to the IDF, including but not limited to all costs of equipment provided by Ironwood, all fees, fines, licenses, bonds, or taxes required of or imposed against Ironwood and all other of Ironwood’s costs of doing business.
From the inception of the IDF until December 31, 2021, Ironwood will reimburse the IDF for its expenses to the extent necessary to ensure that the monthly expenses of the IDF (excluding taxes, brokerage commissions, custody fees, interest expenses incurred in connection with any credit facility for the IDF, other investment-related expenses, the asset-based management fee paid to Ironwood, any fees and expenses paid to, assessed and collected by Advisers to Investment Funds in which the IDF invests, indemnification expenses and extraordinary expenses) will not exceed 0.0417% (0.50% per annum) of the Ironwood Series’ net assets as of each such month before giving effect to (i) any withdrawal payments to be paid in respect of a withdrawal date that is as of such date, (ii) any distributions to be paid as of such date, or (iii) asset-based management fees paid to Ironwood and quarterly management fees payable to SALI Fund Management LLC or its affiliate assessed on the IDF as of such date (the “Expense Cap”). The IDF will carry forward, for a period not to exceed three years from the date on which a waiver or reimbursement is made by Ironwood, any expenses in excess of the Expense Cap and repay Ironwood such amounts; provided that the IDF is able to effect such repayment and remain in compliance with the then effective Expense Cap. For the avoidance of doubt, the IDF will make such a repayment to Ironwood only if, in doing so, it remains in compliance with the Expense Cap as if then in effect at the same level as when the relevant expenses were waived. Please refer to Item 12 for further information about Ironwood’s brokerage practices. IT IS IMPORTANT THAT INVESTORS REFER TO THEIR RESPECTIVE ADVISORY CLIENT’S GOVERNING DOCUMENTS FOR A COMPLETE UNDERSTANDING OF THE TYPES OF EXPENSES CLIENTS MIGHT PAY IN CONNECTION WITH ADVISORY SERVICES. THE INFORMATION CONTAINED HEREIN IS A SUMMARY ONLY AND IS QUALIFIED IN ITS ENTIRETY BY THE RELEVANT ADVISORY CLIENT’S GOVERNING DOCUMENTS.
Explain how a client may obtain a refund of a pre-paid fee if the advisory
contract is terminated before the end of the billing period. Explain how you
will determine the amount of the refund. Investors in the IDF pay Ironwood the asset-based management fee described in Item 5.E If you or any of your supervised persons accepts compensation for the sale of
securities or other investment products, including asset-based sales charges
or service fees from the sale of mutual funds, disclose this fact and respond to
Items 5.E.1, 5.E.2, 5.E.3 and 5.E.4.
Not applicable to Ironwood. supervised persons an incentive to recommend investment products based on
the compensation received, rather than on a client’s needs. Describe generally
how you address conflicts that arise, including your procedures for disclosing
the conflicts to clients. If you primarily recommend mutual funds, disclose
whether you will recommend “no-load” funds.
Not applicable to Ironwood. recommend through other brokers or agents that are not affiliated with you.
Not applicable to Ironwood.
commissions and other compensation for the sale of investment products you
recommend to your clients, including asset-based distribution fees from the
sale of mutual funds, disclose that commissions provide your primary or, if
applicable, your exclusive compensation. Not applicable to Ironwood. whether you reduce your advisory fees to offset the commissions or markups. Not applicable to Ironwood. please register to get more info
SIDE-BY-SIDE MANAGEMENT
If you or any of your supervised persons accepts performance-based fees – that is, fees based on a
share of capital gains on or capital appreciation of the assets of a client (such as a client that is a
hedge fund or other pooled investment vehicle) – disclose this fact. If you or any of your supervised
persons manage both accounts that are charged a performance-based fee and accounts that are
charged another type of fee, such as an hourly or flat fee or an asset-based fee, disclose this fact.
Explain the conflicts of interest that you or your supervised persons face by managing these accounts
at the same time, including that you or your supervised persons have an incentive to favor accounts
for which you or your supervised persons receive a performance-based fee, and describe generally
how you address these conflicts. Ironwood does not accept performance-based compensation from any of its Advisory Clients. As disclosed in the offering documents for all of the Advisory Clients, performance-based compensation may be paid to underlying Advisers as part of the Advisory Clients’ investments in Investment Vehicles. Risk related to the payment of such performance-based compensation is disclosed in the offering documents for all the Advisory Clients. please register to get more info
Describe the types of clients to whom you generally provide investment advice, such as individuals,
trusts, investment companies, or pension plans. If you have any requirements for opening or
maintaining an account, such as a minimum account size, disclose the requirements. As described in Item 1.A, Ironwood offers investment advisory services to certain private investment funds and registered investment companies (i.e., pooled investment vehicles) using a “fund-of-funds” strategy.
In the case of the Funds, the minimum initial investment is $1,000,000, subject to waiver by Ironwood. In the case of the Companies, the minimum initial investment is $50,000, subject to waiver by Ironwood. In the case of the IDF, the minimum initial investment is $500,000, subject to change in the discretion of the general partner of the IDF.
The Funds and the IDF do not have a minimum account size. The Companies’ minimum account size generally is $25,000.
The Funds and the IDF offer interests/shares only to certain qualified Investors and admission to the Funds and the IDF is not open to the general public. Interests/shares in the Funds are sold only to qualified Investors who are “accredited investors” under Rule 501 of Regulation D of the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as amended (“Accredited Investors”), and “qualified purchasers” as such term is defined in Section 2(a)(51) of the Investment Company Act. Interests in the IDF are available only to insurance company investors on behalf of certain of their segregated separate accounts for owners of variable life insurance and variable annuity contracts. While an insurance company, not a policy owner, will become a limited partner in the IDF, it is expected that policy owners will be able to allocate a portion of their investment held in the separate account to the IDF as one of the investment options of the policies. The Companies only offer units to certain Investors and admission to the Companies is not open to the general public. Units in the Companies will only be sold to Investors who are either (i) natural persons who are an Accredited Investors or (ii) non-natural persons that are “qualified clients” under SEC Rule 205-3 of the U.S. Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended (the “Advisers Act”). 13 3 please register to get more info
AND RISK OF LOSS
formulating investment advice or managing assets. Explain that investing in
securities involves risk of loss that clients should be prepared to bear. Ironwood performs both qualitative and quantitative analysis in evaluating investment strategies, Advisers and Investment Vehicles. Qualitative analysis includes, among other things, review and assessment of an Adviser’s investment process, sources of investment ideas, research methodology, valuation methodology, risk-management techniques, method of operation, background, integrity, talent, dedication, assets under management, personal investment, organization and staff, and liquidity. Quantitative analysis includes, among other things, assessment and review of rates of return, standard deviation of return, Sharpe ratio, correlation with various market indices and with other investment managers, performance compared to other investment managers employing the same strategy, worst loss period, and fees.
An important element of the selection process is the subjective assessment of the ability and character of prospective Advisers. Ironwood has developed an investment due diligence process focused on information gathering and on-site due diligence meetings with senior investment and operations professionals of prospective and current Advisers. Ironwood may conduct on-site visits over several years before making an investment. Any such on-site visit may include, but is not limited to, interviews with the managing partners as well as portfolio managers, junior partners, traders and senior analysts. A prospective Adviser must receive unanimous support from Ironwood’s Investment and Risk Committee and Operational Due Diligence team in order to be included in the Ironwood portfolio. As a general guideline, Ironwood invests in Advisers with a proven track record, a substantial asset base and a robust business infrastructure to support an Adviser’s investment activities, though these are not the only factors considered by Ironwood. Additionally, Ironwood will invest in established teams at newer or emerging firms with relatively lower assets under management as certain strategies may be more effective when implemented by Advisers with smaller, more nimble portfolios. A variety of factors are considered in selecting prospective Advisers, including: Past performance during favorable and unfavorable market conditions Diversification characteristics in relation to other Advisers Amount of assets under management Absence of significant conflicts of interest Overall integrity and reputation Percentage of business time devoted to investment activities Fees charged Ironwood has several sources for identifying prospective Advisers, including: Referrals from other advisers, consultants, brokers and investors 14 3 Knowledge obtained through current and past investment activities of potential Advisers who manage only proprietary capital or who are employed by other financial entities Articles and publications On-site and telephone interviews Monitoring of the Investment Vehicles and their investments INVESTING IN SECURITIES INVOLVES SIGNIFICANT RISKS, INCLUDING THE RISK OF LOSS OF SOME OR ALL OF AN INVESTMENT. PROSPECTIVE INVESTORS SHOULD SPEAK WITH THEIR LEGAL, TAX, AND FINANCIAL ADVISORS PRIOR TO MAKING AN INVESTMENT WITH IRONWOOD.
the material risks involved. If the method of analysis or strategy involves
significant or unusual risks, discuss these risks in detail. If your primary
strategy involves frequent trading of securities, explain how frequent
trading can affect investment performance, particularly through increased
brokerage and other transaction costs and taxes.
The investment strategy employed by Ironwood involves significant risk related to: (i) the investments being made by the Advisory Clients and the underlying investments made by the Investment Vehicles and Advisers; (ii) the structure of the Advisory Clients and risks associated with use of underlying Investment Vehicles; and (iii) a variety of other significant risks. For a complete description of the risks involved in the strategy employed by Ironwood, please see the applicable offering documents which contain an expansive review of the risks involved. Each Investor is provided with such risk disclosure in the offering documents for such Advisory Client. Also please see the response to Item 8.C.
IT IS IMPORTANT THAT INVESTORS REFER TO THE RELEVANT GOVERNING DOCUMENTS FOR A COMPLETE UNDERSTANDING OF THE RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH THE STRATEGY EMPLOYED BY IRONWOOD. THE INFORMATION CONTAINED HEREIN IS A SUMMARY ONLY AND IS QUALIFIED IN ITS ENTIRETY BY SUCH DOCUMENTS. INVESTMENTS IN THE ADVISORY CLIENT ARE MEANT FOR FINANCIALLY SOPHISTICATED INVESTORS WHO CAN BEAR A TOTAL LOSS OF THEIR INVESTMENT AND THE LIQUIDITY CONSTRAINTS OF THE ADVISORY CLIENTS.
material risks involved. If the type of security involves significant or unusual
risks, discuss these risks in detail. Adviser Risk. Ironwood’s multi-manager approach is subject to Adviser risk. Adviser risk encompasses the possibility of loss due to Adviser fraud, intentional or inadvertent deviations from a predefined investment strategy (including excessive concentration, directional investing outside of predefined ranges, excessive leverage or new capital markets) or simply poor judgment. During the lifetime of Ironwood, there could be material changes in one or more Advisers, including changes in control, initial public offerings and mergers. The effect of such changes on an Adviser cannot be predicted but could be material and adverse. Given the limited liquidity of the underlying investment funds, the 15 3 Advisory Clients may not be able to quickly alter their portfolio allocation in response to any such changes, resulting in substantial losses. There can be no assurance that what is perceived by Ironwood or the Advisers as an investment opportunity will not, in fact, result in substantial losses due to one or more of a wide variety of factors. From time to time, the economic viability of an entire strategy may deteriorate, due to excessive concentration of investors implementing the same approach or general economic events that disrupt the source of profits which the strategy seeks to exploit. Ironwood can only be successful if the Advisers are able to invest successfully, and there can be no assurance that this will be the case. Multiple Levels of Fees and Expenses; Adviser Performance Fees. The Advisory Clients will incur management, performance, advisory, sponsorship or other fees and expenses when investing in or allocating assets to Advisers. Further, if the Advisers invest in exchange-traded funds or similar managed products, the Advisory Clients will be subject to the fees and costs associated with such investments. In addition, Advisers’ performance fees are generally paid on a quarterly or annual basis, and therefore, an Adviser could receive performance fees for a period even though its trading for the year was unprofitable. Once a performance fee is paid, the Adviser generally retains the fee regardless of subsequent performance. Performance fees will be calculated separately for each Adviser, so the Advisory Clients could pay substantial performance fees to Advisers whose trading is profitable even when the Investment Vehicles as a whole have a loss. Limited Liquidity. There is no market for interests in the Funds or units of the Companies and none is ever expected to develop. Investors thus may not be able to liquidate their investment in the event of an emergency or for any other reason. Although the Board of Directors of the Companies, in its complete and absolute discretion, may cause the Companies to make offers to repurchase the Companies’ outstanding units at their net asset value, such units are considerably less liquid than shares of funds that trade on a stock exchange or shares of open-end investment companies. An investment in the Advisory Clients is suitable only for investors who can bear the risks associated with (i) the limited liquidity of units of the Company or interests in the Funds, (ii) the investments of the Advisory Clients in Investment Vehicles, and (iii) the investments of the Investment Vehicles. Illiquidity of Advisory Client Investments. The Master Company and the Master Fund invest all or most of their assets in pooled entities such as limited partnerships, limited liability companies and offshore corporations. For such investments, Ironwood has no control over the trading policies or strategies of such entities and does not have the same ability as with separate accounts to react quickly to changing investment circumstances due to the limited liquidity of these types of investments. The complicated and often protracted process of withdrawing from Advisers could hinder the Advisory Clients’ ability to meet withdrawal requests from Investors in a timely manner, as well as the Advisory Clients’ ability to adjust their Adviser allocations. It could also cause the Advisory Clients to become unbalanced in the event the Advisory Clients withdraw from their more liquid Advisers to fund the Advisory Clients’ withdrawals or expenses; provided, however, that Ironwood may utilize liquidation account provisions and other provisions relating to withdrawals in the Advisory Clients’ organizational documents to mitigate such risks, although it will be impossible to eliminate such 16 3 risks. Also, to the extent that a material portion of Advisers suspend the calculation of net asset value, Ironwood may be unable to calculate the Advisory Clients’ Net Asset Value. Limited Asset Allocation Flexibility. One of the principal disadvantages and risks inherent in a fund of funds structure is the restrictions imposed on the asset allocation flexibility and risk control capability of the manager of the top-tier fund as a result of the limited liquidity of the second-tier funds in which the former invests. Certain Advisers may permit redemptions only on a semi-annual, annual or less frequent basis or be subject to “lock ups” or redemption “gates” that restrict redemptions. The Advisory Clients could be unable to redeem their capital from Advisers for some months after Ironwood has determined that the money manager operating such Adviser has begun to deviate from its announced trading policies and strategy. Lack of Diversification. The Funds are not, and certain Advisers may not be, subject to any formal diversification requirements. Further, the diversification by the Advisory Clients and any Adviser may not always be significant and, even if significant, may not provide meaningful risk control, even though it may reduce the Advisory Clients’ or an Adviser’s profit potential. Some Advisers in which the Advisory Clients invest may concentrate their investments in only a few securities, industries or countries. In addition, concentration by individual Advisers may cause a proportionately greater loss than if their investments had been spread over a larger number of investments. 17 3 please register to get more info
If there are legal or disciplinary events that are material to a client’s or prospective client’s evaluation of your advisory business or the integrity of your management, disclose all material facts regarding those events. Items 9.A, 9.B, and 9.C list specific legal and disciplinary events presumed to be material for this Item. If your advisory firm or a management person has been involved in one of these events, you must disclose it under this Item for ten years following the date of the event, unless (1) the event was resolved in your or the management person’s favor, or was reversed, suspended or vacated, or (2) you have rebutted the presumption of materiality to determine that the event is not material (see Note below). For purposes of calculating this ten-year period, the “date” of an event is the date that the final order, judgment, or decree was entered, or the date that any rights of appeal from preliminary orders, judgments or decrees lapsed.
Items 9.A, 9.B, and 9.C do not contain an exclusive list of material disciplinary events. If your advisory firm or a management person has been involved in a legal or disciplinary event that is not listed in Items 9.A, 9.B, or 9.C, but nonetheless is material to a client's or prospective client's evaluation of your advisory business or the integrity of its management, you must disclose the event. Similarly, even if more than ten years have passed since the date of the event, you must disclose the event if it is so serious that it remains material to a client’s or prospective client’s evaluation.
competent jurisdiction in which your firm or a management person 1. was convicted of, or pled guilty or nolo contendere (“no contest”)
to (a) any felony; (b) a misdemeanor that involved investments or
an investment-related business, fraud, false statements or omissions,
wrongful taking of property, bribery, perjury, forgery,
counterfeiting, or extortion; or (c) a conspiracy to commit any of
these offenses;
2. is the named subject of a pending criminal proceeding that involves
an investment-related business, fraud, false statements or omissions,
wrongful taking of property, bribery, perjury, forgery,
counterfeiting, extortion, or a conspiracy to commit any of these
offenses;
3. was found to have been involved in a violation of an investment- related statute or regulation; or 4. was the subject of any order, judgment, or decree permanently or
temporarily enjoining, or otherwise limiting, your firm or a
management person from engaging in any investment-related
activity, or from violating any investment-related statute, rule, or
order Not applicable to Ironwood. 18 3
agency, any state regulatory agency, or any foreign financial regulatory
authority in which your firm or a management person
1. was found to have caused an investment-related business to lose its
authorization to do business; or
2. was found to have been involved in a violation of an investment-
related statute or regulation and was the subject of an order by the agency or authority
(a) denying, suspending, or revoking the authorization of your
firm or a management person to act in an investment-related
business;
(b) barring or suspending your firm’s or a management person's
association with an investment-related business;
(c) otherwise significantly limiting your firm’s or a management
person's investment-related activities; or
(d) imposing a civil money penalty of more than $2,500 on your
firm or a management person.
Not applicable to Ironwood. management person
1. was found to have caused an investment-related business to lose its
authorization to do business; or
2. was found to have been involved in a violation of the SRO’s rules
and was: (i) barred or suspended from membership or from
association with other members, or was expelled from membership;
(ii) otherwise significantly limited from investment- related
activities; or (iii) fined more than $2,500.
Note: You may, under certain circumstances, rebut the presumption that a
disciplinary event is material. If an event is immaterial, you are not required
to disclose it. When you review a legal or disciplinary event involving your
firm or a management person to determine whether it is appropriate to rebut
the presumption of materiality, you should consider all of the following
factors: (1) the proximity of the person involved in the disciplinary event to
the advisory function; (2) the nature of the infraction that led to the
disciplinary event; (3) the severity of the disciplinary sanction; and (4) the
time elapsed since the date of the disciplinary event. If you conclude that the
materiality presumption has been overcome, you must prepare and maintain
a file memorandum of your determination in your records. See SEC rule 204-
2(a)(14)(iii). Not applicable to Ironwood. 19 3 please register to get more info
ACTIVITIES AND AFFILIATIONS
application pending to register, as a broker-dealer or a registered
representative of a broker-dealer, disclose this fact. Ironwood’s Director of Investor Relations is a registered representative of an unaffiliated broker-dealer, Foreside. Certain other members of Ironwood’s Investor Relations team, while not “management persons,” as that term is defined in the instructions to Form ADV, are also registered representatives of Foreside.
application pending to register, as a futures commission merchant,
commodity pool operator, a commodity trading advisor, or an associated
person of the foregoing entities, disclose this fact.
Ironwood is a commodity pool operator registered with the Commodities and Futures Trading Commission. Additionally, Ironwood’s President and Chief Executive Officer, Ironwood’s Director of Investor Relations, Ironwood’s Chief Operating Officer and two members of Ironwood’s Investment Committee are associated persons of Ironwood in its capacity as a commodity pool operator. Certain other members of Ironwood’s Investor Relations team, while not “management persons,” as that term is defined in the instructions to Form ADV, are also associated persons of Ironwood.
business or to your clients that you or any of your management persons have
with any related person listed below. Identify the related person and if the
relationship or arrangement creates a material conflict of interest with clients,
describe the nature of the conflict and how you address it.
1. broker-dealer, municipal securities dealer, or government
securities dealer or broker
2. investment company or other pooled investment vehicle (including
a mutual fund, closed-end investment company, unit investment
trust, private investment company or “hedge fund,” and offshore
fund)
3. other investment adviser or financial planner
4. futures commission merchant, commodity pool operator, or
commodity trading advisor
5. banking or thrift institution
6. accountant or accounting firm
7. lawyer or law firm
8. insurance company or agency
9. pension consultant
10. real estate broker or dealer
11. sponsor or syndicator of limited partnerships
Ironwood does not have any arrangements that are material to its investment business or its clients with a related person that meets any of the categories listed 20 3 above.
you receive compensation directly or indirectly from those advisers that
creates a material conflict of interest, or if you have other business
relationships with those advisers that create a material conflict of interest,
describe these practices and discuss the material conflicts of interest these
practices create and how you address them. Ironwood does not receive direct or indirect compensation from Investment Vehicles. Rather, Ironwood is compensated by Investors in the pooled investment vehicles managed by Ironwood. Please see Item 11.B for a description of how Ironwood monitors conflicts of interests related to personal investments by Ironwood employees in Investment Vehicles and/or in pooled investment vehicles managed by the Advisers. please register to get more info
TRANSACTIONS AND PERSONAL TRADING
adopted pursuant to SEC rule 204A-1 or similar state rules. Explain that you
will provide a copy of your code of ethics to any client or prospective client
upon request. Ironwood’s Joint Code of Ethics (the “Code”) is designed to meet the requirements of Rule 204A-1 of the Advisers Act. In addition, the Code meets the requirements of under Rule 17j-1 of the Investment Company Act.
The Code applies to Ironwood’s access persons (which term includes all employees of Ironwood) and sets forth a standard of business conduct that takes into account Ironwood’s status as a fiduciary and requires access persons to place the interests of Advisory Clients and Investors above their own interests. The Code requires access persons to comply with applicable federal securities laws. Further, access persons are required to promptly bring violations of the Code to the attention of Ironwood’s Chief Compliance Officer. All access persons are provided with a copy of the Code and are required to acknowledge receipt of the Code on at least an annual basis.
The Code also sets forth certain reporting and pre-clearance requirements with respect to personal trading by access persons. Ironwood’s access persons must provide the Chief Compliance Officer with a list of their personal accounts and an initial holdings report within 10 days of becoming an access person. In addition, Ironwood’s access persons must provide annual holdings reports and quarterly transaction reports in accordance with Rule 204A-1 of the Advisers Act.
Investors or prospective Investors may obtain a copy of Ironwood’s Code of Ethics by contacting the Chief Compliance Officer, at [email protected] or (415) 777-2400.
accounts, securities in which you or a related person has a material financial
interest, describe your practice and discuss the conflicts of interest it
presents. Describe generally how you address conflicts that arise.
Examples: (1) You or a related person, as principal, buys securities from (or
sells securities to) your clients; (2) you or a related person acts as general
partner in a partnership in which you solicit client investments; or (3) you or
a related person acts as an investment adviser to an investment company that
you recommend to clients. As explained in Item 10 above, Ironwood serves as the investment adviser to the Advisory Clients and, as such, recommends interests in the Advisory Clients to prospective Investors. Ironwood (or its affiliates) has a material financial interest with respect to fees paid by Investors. Asset-based fees (as described in item 5.A) are payable without regard to the overall success or income earned by the Advisory Clients and therefore may create an incentive on the part of Ironwood to raise or otherwise increase assets under management to a higher level than would be the case if Ironwood were receiving a lower or no asset-based fee. In addition, the IDF may invest directly in Investment Vehicles and indirectly through investments in one or more Advisory Clients. Ironwood, its employees or their related persons may also invest directly in any one, some or all of the Advisory Clients. It should be noted that investments in the Advisory Clients made by such parties may not be subject to the asset-based fees described above. The fact that Ironwood’s principals and employees have financial ownership interests in the Advisory Clients also creates a potential conflict in that it could cause Ironwood to make different investment decisions than if such parties did not have such financial ownership interests.
Potential conflicts of interest may arise in connection with the personal trading activities of Ironwood’s employees. The principals, officers and employees of Ironwood and its affiliates may buy and sell, for their own account or for the account of other clients, the same or similar securities and other financial instruments as those they buy or sell on behalf of the Advisory Clients (such as investments in Investment Vehicles).
Furthermore, certain principals of Ironwood have made direct investments in Investment Vehicles managed by Advisers and Advisory Clients have made investments in the same Investment Vehicles or other pooled investment vehicles managed by such Adviser. In such situations, the Ironwood principals have waived certain rights relating to such personal investment. If you have any questions about such investments, please contact the Chief Compliance Officer.
Ironwood and its affiliates may give advice and recommend the purchase or sale of securities and other financial instruments, or buy or sell such securities, and instruments for their own account or that of other clients, which advice or instruments may differ from advice given to, or instruments recommended or bought or sold for, the Advisory Clients, even though their investment objectives may be the same or similar.
As stated in this Item 11, in order to address these potential conflicts and in recognition of Ironwood’s fiduciary obligations to its Advisory Clients, Ironwood has adopted the Code which contains provisions designed to: (i) prevent improper personal trading by Ironwood’s access persons; (ii) prevent improper use of material, non-public information about securities recommendations made by Ironwood or securities holdings of the Advisory Clients; (iii) identify conflicts of interest; (iv) allocate investment opportunities among Advisory Clients in a manner that is fair, equitable and consistent with its fiduciary obligations to each; and (v) provide a means to resolve any actual or potential conflict in favor of the Advisory Clients. In addition, to the extent that the IDF invests its assets in another Advisory Client managed by Ironwood or its affiliates, Ironwood will waive or rebate all compensation that would otherwise be payable to Ironwood or its affiliates (including any expense reimbursement) by that Advisory Client for the assets invested by the IDF. The Advisory Clients include both closed-end management investment companies registered under the Investment Company Act and private investment funds, as described in Item 4.A above. Various potential conflicts of interest could arise as a result. For example, the Companies and the Funds may hold inconsistent positions, could have different liquidity needs and have different fee structures. Further, investment constraints imposed upon the Companies, such as affiliation rules under the 1940 Act, may limit Ironwood’s ability to engage in transactions on behalf of the Advisory Clients, including the Funds, or may otherwise affect the terms of such transactions, and returns may be negatively impacted as a result. The Companies routinely waive or otherwise limit their voting rights in Investment Vehicles to address the regulatory implications that might arise under the Investment Company Act described above, and the Funds also may elect to waive their voting rights in Investment Vehicles in connection with such regulatory implications. To the extent one or more Advisory Clients forgo the right to vote the securities of an Investment Vehicle, the Advisory Clients will not be able to vote on, or may have more limited voting rights with respect to, matters that require the approval of the interests holders of the Investment Vehicle, including matters that may be adverse to the Advisory Client’s interests. e.g., warrants, options or futures) that you or a related person recommends to clients, describe your practice and discuss the conflicts of interest this
presents and generally how you address the conflicts that arise in connection
with personal trading.
Ironwood believes that high ethical standards are essential for its success and to maintain the confidence of its Advisory Clients. The Code is designed to ensure that the personal securities transactions of Ironwood and its affiliates, officers, employees (and certain members of their families) and the Board of Directors (in the case of the Companies) do not conflict with transactions effected on behalf of the Advisory Clients. Employees of Ironwood must (i) place the interests of Advisory Clients first, (ii) avoid taking inappropriate advantage of their positions within the firm, and (iii) conduct their personal securities transactions in full compliance with the Code.
As required by Rule 204A-1 of the Advisers Act, Ironwood requires its access persons to report certain securities transactions on a quarterly basis and disclose their securities holdings upon employment and on an annual basis thereafter. Ironwood also restricts the personal trading of its access persons. Access persons are required to pre-clear transactions in certain securities. In addition, Ironwood also requires the Board of Directors of the Companies to report certain securities transactions in accordance with the requirements of the Investment Company Act.
Ironwood also maintains policies and procedures to prevent insider trading and the misuse of material, non-public information. Ironwood’s personnel are required to certify their compliance with such policies and procedures. Please also refer to Ironwood’s responses to Items 11.A and 11.B.
securities for client accounts, at or about the same time that you or a related
person buys or sells the same securities for your own (or the related person's
own) account, describe your practice and discuss the conflicts of interest it
presents. Describe generally how you address conflicts that arise. Please refer to Ironwood’s responses to Items 11.A, 11.B and 11.C above. please register to get more info
dealers for client transactions and determining the reasonableness of their
compensation (e.g., commissions).
1. Research and Other Soft Dollar Benefits. If you receive research or
other products or services other than execution from a broker-
dealer or a third party in connection with client securities
transactions (“soft dollar benefits”), disclose your practices and
discuss the conflicts of interest they create.
Note: Your disclosure and discussion must include all soft dollar benefits
you receive, including, in the case of research, both proprietary research
(created or developed by the broker-dealer) and research created or
developed by a third party.
a. Explain that when you use client brokerage commissions (or
markups or markdowns) to obtain research or other products
or services, you receive a benefit because you do not have to
produce or pay for the research, products or services.
b. Disclose that you may have an incentive to select or
recommend a broker-dealer based on your interest in
receiving the research or other products or services, rather
than on your clients’ interest in receiving most favorable
execution.
c. If you may cause clients to pay commissions (or markups or
markdowns) higher than those charged by other broker-
dealers in return for soft dollar benefits (known as paying-
up), disclose this fact.
d. Disclose whether you use soft dollar benefits to service all of
your clients’ accounts or only those that paid for the benefits.
Disclose whether you seek to allocate soft dollar benefits to
client accounts proportionately to the soft dollar credits the accounts generate.
e. Describe the types of products and services you or any of
your related persons acquired with client brokerage
commissions (or markups or markdowns) within your last
fiscal year.
f. Explain the procedures you used during your last fiscal year
to direct client transactions to a particular broker-dealer in
return for soft dollar benefits you received. As a “fund-of-funds” manager, Ironwood generally has no direct investments other than those in Investment Vehicles. Ironwood generally is not involved in selecting or recommending broker-dealers for Advisory Client transactions and determining the reasonableness of broker-dealer compensation (e.g. commissions). Broker-dealer selection and recommendations for investments by Investment Vehicles are handled by Advisers. Furthermore, Ironwood does not receive research or other products or services from broker-dealers or third parties in connection with Advisory Client transactions (“soft dollar benefits”). It is expected that Advisers and Investment Vehicles utilized by Ironwood will allocate brokerage business generally on the basis of best available execution and in consideration of such brokers' provision of brokerage, research and related services (but no absolute assurances can be made in that respect). Ironwood has no direct control over any Adviser’s best execution review processes.
In rare cases, Ironwood may use a broker-dealer to buy or sell an interest in an Investment Vehicle in the secondary market for an Advisory Client. In selecting a broker for such a purchase or sale, Ironwood is guided by the principal objective of best execution. Factors Ironwood considers in seeking best execution include price; commission rate; and the financial strength, integrity and stability of the broker.
broker-dealers, whether you or a related person receives client referrals from
a broker-dealer or third party, disclose this practice and discuss the conflicts
of interest it creates.
a. Disclose that you may have an incentive to select or recommend
a broker-dealer based on your interest in receiving client
referrals, rather than on your clients’ interest in receiving most
favorable execution.
b. Explain the procedures you used during your last fiscal year to
direct client transactions to a particular broker-dealer in return
for client referrals.
Not applicable to Ironwood.
a. If you routinely recommend, request or require that a client direct
you to execute transactions through a specified broker- dealer,
describe your practice or policy. Explain that not all advisers
require their clients to direct brokerage. If you and the broker-
dealer are affiliates or have another economic relationship that
creates a material conflict of interest, describe the relationship
and discuss the conflicts of interest it presents. Explain that by
directing brokerage you may be unable to achieve most favorable
execution of client transactions, and that this practice may cost
clients more money.
b. If you permit a client to direct brokerage, describe your practice.
If applicable, explain that you may be unable to achieve most
favorable execution of client transactions. Explain that directing
brokerage may cost clients more money. For example, in a
directed brokerage account, the client may pay higher brokerage
commissions because you may not be able to aggregate orders to
reduce transaction costs, or the client may receive less favorable prices. Not applicable to Ironwood.
sale of securities for various client accounts. If you do not aggregate orders
when you have the opportunity to do so, explain your practice and describe
the costs to clients of not aggregating. Not applicable to Ironwood. please register to get more info
you do, describe the frequency and nature of the review, and the titles of the
supervised persons who conduct the review. Ironwood regularly monitors the performance of the Advisers and Investment Vehicles and makes periodic visits to the offices of the Advisers to review their activities. The frequency of Ironwood’s on-site reviews varies depending on a number of factors which may include: length of relationship, size of allocation and degree of change in trading strategy (if any). The Advisers are contacted frequently regarding their periodic results and for their analysis of significant events as such events relate to the Advisers’ investment strategies and influence their investment decisions. If an Adviser’s or Investment Vehicle’s relative performance is poor or if significant changes occur in an Adviser’s approach or investments, the capital allocation to that Adviser may be reduced or withdrawn. The Advisory Client’s assets are also reallocated among different Advisers to reflect analysis as to which investment strategies are best suited to current market conditions. The Advisory Client portfolios are regularly reviewed and their performance is analyzed on a periodic basis. Ironwood’s investment committee meets on a routine basis to review Advisory Client portfolios for consistency with client's investment objectives and guidelines. factors that trigger a review. Please refer to Ironwood’s response to Item 13.A above. to clients regarding their accounts. State whether these reports are written. Investors receive unaudited performance reports and statements of estimated changes to their capital accounts monthly and audited year-end financial statements annually. Investors receive monthly and quarterly written commentary. For tax reporting purposes, Ironwood also provides each Investor with the requisite tax reporting forms. please register to get more info
providing investment advice or other advisory services to your clients,
generally describe the arrangement, explain the conflicts of interest, and
describe how you address the conflicts of interest. For purposes of this Item,
economic benefits include any sales awards or other prizes. Not applicable to Ironwood.
is not your supervised person for client referrals, describe the arrangement
and the compensation.
Ironwood and its related persons do not directly or indirectly compensate any person who is not a supervised person for Advisory Client referrals.
With respect to the Funds, Ironwood may from time to time engage placement agents, solicitation agents or finders for the interests/shares of the Funds (“Selling Agents”). Ironwood may pay Selling Agents a portion of the fees paid to Ironwood or other compensation. In other instances, an Investor who is introduced to a Fund through a Selling Agent may be charged by the Selling Agent a commission, equal to a percentage of the subscription. The commissions charged to each Investor will vary among the Selling Agents, and each Selling Agent may charge different Investors different selling commissions, depending on the amount invested and other factors. Selling commissions may be waived in whole or in part by the relevant Selling Agent. If a commission is charged, the affected Investor will be notified of the commission charged in respect of its investment.
With respect to the Companies, Ironwood has fee-sharing arrangements in place with registered broker-dealers whereby the broker-dealers receive Ironwood’s servicing fee with respect to the Investors that the broker-dealers bring to the Companies. In addition, Ironwood has revenue-sharing arrangements with certain broker-dealers whereby Ironwood pays additional compensation from its own resources to such broker-dealers in connection with the servicing of investors. Finally, an Investor who is introduced to the Companies through a broker-dealer may be charged by the broker-dealer a commission or sales charge, equal to a percentage of the subscription. The commissions charged to each Investor will vary among the broker-dealers, and each broker-dealer may charge different Investors different selling commissions, depending on the amount invested and other factors. Selling commissions may be waived in whole or in part by the relevant broker-dealer. If a commission is charged, it will be in addition to the subscription price for Units and not form a part of an investor’s investment in the Companies. If a commission is charged, the affected Investor will be notified of the commission charged in respect of its investment. please register to get more info
If you have custody of client funds or securities and a qualified custodian sends quarterly, or more
frequent, account statements directly to your clients, explain that clients will receive account
statements from the broker-dealer, bank or other qualified custodian and that clients should carefully
review those statements. If your clients also receive account statements from you, your explanation
must include a statement urging clients to compare the account statements they receive from the
qualified custodian with those they receive from you.
By virtue of its role as general partner and/or investment manager to the Advisory Clients, Ironwood may be deemed to have custody of the assets of such Advisory Client. Assets of the Funds are maintained with qualified custodians to the extent required by Rule 206(4)-2 under the Advisers Act. Assets of the Companies are maintained with qualified custodians to the extent required under the Investment Company Act. An independent public accountant registered with, and subject to regular inspection by, the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board, audits the Advisory Clients annually. The audited financial statements of the Funds are distributed to Investors within 180 days after the end of the Funds’ fiscal year. The audited financial statements of the Companies are distributed to Investors within 60 days after the end of the Companies’ fiscal year. The following serves as notification to Investors in writing of the qualified custodians’ name and address. The qualified custodian for the Advisory Clients currently is: BNY Mellon Corporation 101 Barclay Street, 21 West New York, NY 10286 please register to get more info
If you accept discretionary authority to manage securities accounts on behalf of clients, disclose this
fact and describe any limitations clients may (or customarily do) place on this authority. Describe
the procedures you follow before you assume this authority (e.g., execution of a power of attorney). Ironwood has discretionary authority to manage securities accounts on behalf of its Advisory Clients. Ironwood is authorized to make purchase and sale decisions for Advisory Clients, and is also authorized to allocate assets with Investment Vehicles and Advisers. As explained in Item 4.C, above, the investment strategy of each Advisory Client is set forth in detail in such Advisory Client’s offering documents. Investors in the Advisory Clients do not have the ability to impose limitations on Ironwood’s discretionary authority. Prospective Investors are provided with an offering document prior to their investment and are encouraged to carefully review the offering document and to be sure that the proposed investment is consistent with their investment goals and tolerance for risk. Prospective Investors must also execute a subscription agreement, in which they make various representations, including representations regarding their suitability to invest in a high-risk investment pool. Further, prospective Investors in domestic Funds must execute a limited partnership agreement. please register to get more info
your voting policies and procedures, including those adopted pursuant to
SEC rule 206(4)-6. Describe whether (and, if so, how) your clients can direct
your vote in a particular solicitation. Describe how you address conflicts of
interest between you and your clients with respect to voting their securities.
Describe how clients may obtain information from you about how you voted
their securities. Explain to clients that they may obtain a copy of your proxy
voting policies and procedures upon request.
The Advisory Clients invest in securities issued by Investment Vehicles. As such, it is expected that proxies and consent requests received by Ironwood will deal with matters related to the operative terms and business details of such Investment Vehicle. Ironwood is not responsible for, and these procedures are not applicable to, proxies received by Advisers (related to issuers invested in by the related Investment Vehicle).
To the extent that an Advisory Client receives notices or proxies from Investment Vehicles (or to the extent Advisory Clients receive proxy statements or similar notices in connection with any other portfolio securities), the Advisory Clients have each delegated proxy voting responsibilities to Ironwood. Ironwood will vote proxies and respond to investor consent requests in the best interests of the Advisory Clients, as applicable, in accordance with Ironwood’s Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures (the “Policies”).
The Policies provide the following general guidelines for determining the best interests of the Advisory Clients:
(i) Ironwood will generally vote in favor of normal corporate housekeeping proposals, including, but not limited to, the following: (A) election of directors (where there are no related corporate governance issues); (B) selection or reappointment of auditors; or (C) increasing or reclassification of common stock.
(ii) Ironwood will generally vote against proposals that: (A) make it more difficult to replace members of the issuer’s board of directors or board of managers; and (B) introduce unequal voting rights (although there may be regulatory reasons that would make such a proposal favorable to certain clients of Ironwood). For proxies or consent requests addressing any other issues (which may include proposals related to fees paid to Investment Vehicles, redemption rights provided by Investment Vehicles, investment objective modifications, etc.), Ironwood shall determine (which may be based upon the advice of external lawyers or accountants) whether a proposal is in the best interest of the Advisory Client. In doing so, Ironwood will evaluate a number of factors which may include (but are not limited to): (i) the performance of the Investment Vehicle in question; and (ii) a comparison of the proposed changes in terms to customary terms in the industry. In the event of a conflict of interest is identified in connection with voting a particular proxy, Ironwood’s Investment and Risk Committee, in consultation with the Chief Compliance Officer, will determine whether such conflict is material and determine the appropriate action with respect to voting such proxy (including whether to inform Investors of the conflict or seek the recommendation of a third party).
Ironwood will maintain a record of each proxy form as voted, for a period not less than 5 years, and provide a record of such votes upon an Investor’s written request.
The Advisory Clients may elect to waive or otherwise limit their voting rights in one or more Investment Vehicles to avoid certain prohibitions on trading with affiliates under the Investment Company Act. To the extent one or more Advisory Clients forgo the right to vote the securities of an Investment Vehicle, the Advisory Clients will not be able to vote on, or may have more limited voting rights with respect to, matters that require the approval of the interests holders of the Investment Vehicle, including matters that may be adverse to the Advisory Client’s interests.
Investors do not have the authority to direct Ironwood’s votes with respect to proxies initiated by the Advisory Clients’ underlying Investment Vehicles. Investors may contact investorservices@ironwoodpartners.com or (415) 777- 2400 to obtain copies of Ironwood’s proxy voting procedures and voting records.
whether clients will receive their proxies or other solicitations directly from
their custodian or a transfer agent or from you, and discuss whether (and,
if so, how) clients can contact you with questions about a particular
solicitation. Not applicable to Ironwood. please register to get more info
months or more in advance, include a balance sheet for your most recent
fiscal year.
1. The balance sheet must be prepared in accordance with generally
accepted accounting principles, audited by an independent public
accountant, and accompanied by a note stating the principles used
to prepare it, the basis of securities included, and any other
explanations required for clarity.
2. Show parenthetically the market or fair value of securities
included at cost.
3. Qualifications of the independent public accountant and any
accompanying independent public accountant’s report must
conform to Article 2 of SEC Regulation S-X.
Not applicable to Ironwood.
you require or solicit prepayment of more than $1,200 in fees per client, six
months or more in advance, disclose any financial condition that is
reasonably likely to impair your ability to meet contractual commitments to
clients. Not applicable to Ironwood.
past ten years, disclose this fact, the date the petition was first brought, and
the current status. Not applicable to Ironwood. please register to get more info
Open Brochure from SEC website
Assets | |
---|---|
Pooled Investment Vehicles | $1,223,582,271 |
Discretionary | $3,696,724,385 |
Non-Discretionary | $ |
Registered Web Sites
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