Advisory Business
Description of Firm
Intercontinental is registered with the SEC as an investment adviser under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as
amended (the “Act”). Intercontinental is an investment advisory firm that serves as a real estate investment manager.
Intercontinental generally serves as the investment manager of commingled private equity investment funds and
separate accounts. Such investment funds typically are structured as limited liability companies or limited partnerships.
In such capacity, Intercontinental provides investment management services relating to the direct or indirect
acquisition, ownership, operation, financing and sale of real estate and interests in real estate. These direct and/or
indirect interests in real estate include, without limitation, the following: the purchase of real property through fee
simple ownership; the acquisition of interests in real estate related partnerships or other investment vehicles; the
making of mortgages encumbering real property; and the purchase, sale and management of performing and non-
performing loans which consist primarily of loans secured by real estate.
Time in Business Intercontinental initially registered with the SEC on July 23, 1999 and has been in the real estate business, together
with its predecessor company, since 1959.
Principal Owner Peter Palandjian is the principal owner of Intercontinental. Mr. Palandjian and a limited liability company, wholly
owned by a trust for the benefit of Mr. Palandjian’s family, currently owns 100% of Intercontinental’s common
stock.
Advisory Services
Intercontinental provides a variety of investment advisory services. However, Intercontinental’s investment advice is
limited to real estate related matters and investments. Intercontinental invests in real estate and real estate related
investments on behalf of its clients and provides advice regarding real estate investments. Intercontinental does not
generally limit the types of real estate investments it makes, but rather strategically invests across most property types.
Intercontinental also enters into joint venture arrangements with strategic partners and makes loans, or enters into
structured finance transactions secured, directly or indirectly, by real estate, on behalf of the firm’s clients. The various
services Intercontinental provides to its clients are defined and described in more detail below, and in the offering
materials of each pooled investment vehicle.
Pooled Investment Vehicles Intercontinental provides advisory services to pooled investment vehicles sponsored by Intercontinental. A pooled
investment vehicle is an investment vehicle in which multiple investors invest. Currently, Intercontinental serves as
the manager for its pooled investment vehicles. The investors in these vehicles hold an ownership interest in the
vehicle and do not directly own real estate. Currently, Intercontinental manages two open-end pooled investment
vehicles. Open-end vehicles have an indefinite life and investors are allowed to invest and/or redeem their
investment in the pooled investment vehicle, subject to the terms of the operating agreement for the open-end vehicle.
Separate Accounts
From time to time, Intercontinental also provides real estate investment management services to eligible clients on a
separate account basis. Typically, Intercontinental’s clients grant Intercontinental discretionary authority to select the
real estate investments to be made on behalf of such clients. Intercontinental generally also has discretion to determine
when to sell such real estate investments. Fees for such services are negotiable.
QPAM / Consulting Services
In addition to Intercontinental’s primary business of investing in real estate, Intercontinental, upon request, will
provide consulting services to various pension plans as a Qualified Professional Asset Manager (“QPAM”)
under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended (“ERISA”), with regard to various matters
in which the services of a QPAM are required. Such services often include:
• reviewing and advising on the client’s proposed real estate transactions;
• evaluating and advising on conflicts of interest in real estate related transactions;
• providing oversight of the development of real estate construction projects;
• conducting due diligence for potential real estate investments;
• providing analysis of various strategic decisions associated with leases, investments, development,
dispositions and evaluation of investment decisions; and
• evaluating investments which have been completed to determine whether they meet various industry
and fiduciary standards.
Tailored Advisory Services
Intercontinental provides advisory services to the pooled investment vehicles it sponsors tailored to the specific
goals, objectives and operating guidelines of each vehicle. Intercontinental’s advisory services for separate account
clients are tailored to each such client’s objectives and are outlined in the investment management agreement
executed with each such client.
Clients’ Assets Managed on a Discretionary Basis
As of December 31, 2019, Intercontinental managed $10,043,823,178 in client assets on a discretionary basis,
including remaining uncalled capital commitments in the pooled investment vehicles. Intercontinental is deemed to
manage client assets on a “discretionary” basis when its clients have given Intercontinental the discretion to determine
the real estate investments to make and when to buy and sell those investments. However, even in these instances,
Intercontinental’s discretion is subject to limitations and restrictions as outlined by the client in the investment
management agreement, in investment guidelines, the offering materials of a pooled investment vehicle, or in an
investment policy statement. Intercontinental does not currently manage any assets on a non-discretionary basis.
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Methods of Analysis; Investment Strategies
The investment criterion used by Intercontinental for investing in or disposing of an individual real estate asset or
related assets are governed by the specific investment strategy adopted for each applicable pooled investment vehicle
or individual client’s portfolio.
Intercontinental’s analysis of any particular investment includes a comprehensive review of the investment, negotiation
of the terms of the transaction, due diligence regarding the investment and underwriting of the terms of the
investment. During such process, Intercontinental may engage experts in the field of construction, leasing,
brokerage, environmental engineering and property management to evaluate:
• the specific property;
• the current or potential tenants in such property; and
• the market or submarket in which the property is located.
Intercontinental is active in the management of the real estate assets held in its pooled investment vehicles. In
determining whether to acquire a real estate asset or make a particular investment on behalf of its pooled investment
vehicles, Intercontinental utilizes a team-oriented, research-focused, pro-active investment process and a clearly
defined investment strategy that:
• identifies each potential asset’s inherent competitive strengths and opportunity for unrealized value;
• evaluates those factors that have the most impact on value; and
• focuses on executing the acquisition, asset management and disposition process to maximize value.
Investments in real estate involve economic and business risks inherent in real estate investments as described
in detail below. Real estate related investments involve a risk of loss that clients and investors in pooled investment
vehicles should be prepared to bear.
Material Risks of the Investment Strategies Utilized by Intercontinental Intercontinental seeks to achieve client objectives through prudent investment and the application of
investment guidelines to its pooled investment vehicles and separate accounts.
The investment strategies utilized by Intercontinental pose potential risks that may include:
• impacts related to investing in particular geographic locations;
• impacts related to investing in particular property types; and
• impacts related to the exposure to industries represented by tenants in one or more properties in which
such pooled investment vehicles invest.
In addition to geographic, property sector, and economic risks, the various investment strategies used by
Intercontinental involve risks that can be identified as falling into three broad categories listed below.
Intercontinental addresses these broad risk categories as follows:
Management-Related Risks Intercontinental seeks to provide full transparency to clients and their advisors in all phases of the firm’s operations.
The firm has a compliance program which seeks to ensure potential conflicts of interest are fully considered and
disclosed.
Market-Related Risks Intercontinental actively tracks and forecasts real estate market conditions at the submarket level. From this data,
Intercontinental then identifies potential opportunities and risks related to real estate market conditions through its target
market analysis.
Property-Related Risks Intercontinental has developed a systematic process for evaluating each property’s characteristics including lease
rollover, tenant credit and other property-specific risks. The ability to attract and retain tenants and to underwrite tenant
creditworthiness accurately fluctuates depending on overall economic conditions.
Material Risks of Investing in Real Estate and Pooled Investment Vehicles
Limited Rights; Dependence on Intercontinental All investment decisions are made by Intercontinental’s Investment Committee. An investor will have no right to take
part in an investment by, the management of or otherwise control the business of Intercontinental and its subsidiaries;
provided, however, that Intercontinental may, at is sole discretion, provide certain investors with co-investment
opportunities with respect to certain investments. Accordingly, no investment should be made unless the investor is
willing to entrust substantially all aspects of investment, management and administration to Intercontinental.
Long Term Investing and Redemptions Subject to certain restrictions which are described in more detail in the operating agreements, an investor in
Intercontinental’s open-end pooled investment vehicles will have the right to elect to have some or all of its Interests
redeemed. Outstanding redemption requests with respect to redeemable Interests are accommodated each calendar
quarter as liquid assets permit. Interests are redeemed at a price which reflects their net asset value on the last day
of the calendar quarter immediately preceding the date of redemption, as adjusted. The redemption price will be paid
only as liquid assets are available as determined by Intercontinental in its discretion after taking into account the cash
needs for ongoing expenses (including debt payments), investments, capital expenditures and reserves. Therefore,
interests may not be redeemed for some period (even if liquid assets are available) and may be redeemed by means of
two or more partial payments made over a period of time. An investor who gives a redemption notice will not know
the redemption price until its interest is actually redeemed.
Restrictions on Transfers and Redemptions
No public or private market presently exists for the Interests being offered in Intercontinental’s pooled investment
vehicles. The Interests have not been, and it is not presently contemplated that they will be, registered under the
Securities Act of 1933, as amended. Accordingly, it is not likely that a public market will develop and no assurances
can be given that an active private market will develop. Transferability of the Interests is subject to compliance with
applicable securities laws and tax law requirements and the consent of Intercontinental. Thus, an investor desiring
to liquidate its investment in an open-end vehicle may have to rely on the redemption provisions.
Risk of Unspecified Investments
There is no information as to the nature and terms of any future investments that Intercontinental might make that
an investor can evaluate when determining whether to invest in a pooled investment vehicle, and investors will not
generally have an opportunity to evaluate for themselves or to approve the portfolio investments. Investors must
rely solely on Intercontinental with respect to the selection, amount, character and economic merits of each potential
investment.
Short-Term Investments Working capital as well as the net cash flow from the operation, sale or refinancing of Intercontinental’s investments
or the issuance of Interests may be invested in short-term investments pending the application thereof to real estate
investments. The investment returns from these investments is likely to be lower than the investment returns from real
estate investments.
Availability of Suitable Investments The ability to identify and acquire appropriate properties and other investments which satisfy each pooled investment
vehicle’s investment objectives is difficult and involves a degree of uncertainty. There can be no assurance that
Intercontinental will be able to identify and complete investments that meet the investment objectives or that
Intercontinental will be able fully to invest the available capital. Intercontinental encounters competition in
connection with its selection of properties from other institutional investors, some of which may have greater
financial and other resources and more extensive experience than Intercontinental. There can be no assurance
that there will be a sufficient number of suitable properties available for acquisition or investment by Intercontinental
or that the investments made by Intercontinental will generate the targeted rate of return on invested capital.
Use of Liquid Asset Any or all liquid assets determined by Intercontinental to not be necessary for ongoing expenses (including debt
payments), investments, capital expenditures or reserves may be used to satisfy redemption requests in
Intercontinental’s open-end pooled investment vehicles. Therefore, investors in such open-end vehicles may not
receive distributions of such liquid assets.
Limitation of Recourse and Indemnification of Manager
Each of Intercontinental’s pooled investment vehicle’s operating agreements will limit the circumstances under which
Intercontinental and its affiliates will be held liable to the vehicle. As a result, investors may have a more limited right
of action in certain cases than they would have in the absence of such provision. In addition, the operating agreements
may provide that the vehicle will indemnify Intercontinental and its affiliates for certain claims, losses, damages and
expenses arising out of their activities on behalf of the vehicle. Such indemnification obligations could materially
impact the returns to investors.
Investment Company Act of 1940
The pooled investment vehicles will not register under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the “Investment
Company Act”). Intercontinental strives to conduct the activities (and the activities of its subsidiaries) so as not to
be subject to the restrictions to which a registered investment company under the Investment Company Act would be
subject and differ significantly in many respects from a registered investment company. Investors do not have the
benefits and protections arising out of the registration under the Investment Company Act. However, if any pooled
investment vehicle (or any of its subsidiaries) were to become subject to the Investment Company Act because of a
change of law or otherwise, the various restrictions imposed by the Investment Company Act and the substantial costs
and burdens of compliance therewith could adversely affect the operating results and financial performance of the
vehicle. Moreover, parties to a contract with an entity that has improperly failed to register as an investment company
under the Investment Company Act may be entitled to cancel or otherwise void their contracts with the
unregistered entity.
Diversification of Risk Although Intercontinental strives to acquire and manage a diversified portfolio of properties, it may not be able to
achieve that goal. As a consequence, the aggregate return of any pooled investment vehicle may be adversely affected.
The ability of Intercontinental to diversify the risks of making investments depends upon a variety of factors, including
the location, type, size and quality of the property being acquired. There can be no assurance that Intercontinental’s
investments will provide a desired level of diversification.
Prevention of Money Laundering The Uniting and Strengthening America By Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct
Terrorism Act of 2001 (the “USA PATRIOT Act”), signed into law on and effective as of October 26, 2001, requires
that financial institutions establish and maintain compliance programs to guard against money laundering activities.
The USA PATRIOT Act requires the Secretary of the U.S. Treasury (“Treasury”) to prescribe regulations in
connection with anti-money laundering policies of financial institutions. The Financial Crimes Enforcement
Network (“FinCEN”), an agency of the Treasury, has issued proposed regulation that would subject certain pooled
investment vehicles to enact anti-money laundering policies. If a final regulation is issued by FinCEN in a form
similar to the proposed regulation, it could require Intercontinental or other service providers to the pooled investment
vehicles, in connection with the establishment of anti-money laundering procedures, to share information with
governmental authorities with respect to investors in the Interests. Such legislation and/or regulations could require
Intercontinental to implement additional restrictions on the transfer of the Interests. Intercontinental reserves the
right to request such information as is necessary to verify the identity of an investor and the source of the payment of
subscription monies, or as is necessary to comply with any customer identification programs required by FinCEN and/or
the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. In the event of delay or failure by the applicant to produce any
information required for verification purposes, an application for or transfer of Interests and the subscription monies
relating thereto may be refused.
Possible Legislative or Other Developments The rules dealing with U.S. federal income taxation are constantly under review by persons involved in the legislative
process and by the Internal Revenue Service and the U.S. Department of Treasury, resulting in revisions of resolutions
and revised interpretations of established concepts as well as statutory changes. Therefore, no assurance can be given
that the currently anticipated income tax treatment of an investment in any pooled investment vehicle will not be
modified by legislative, judicial or administrative changes, possibly with retroactive effect, to the detriment of
investors.
Currency and Exchange Rates
The functional currency of the pooled investment vehicles is the U.S. dollar. Accordingly, non-U.S. investors are
subject to the risks associated with fluctuations in currency exchange rates between the U.S. dollar and their national
currencies.
Investment in Real Estate Generally
Intercontinental generally invests in equity ownership interests in real estate. Accordingly, the investments are subject
to the risks incident to the ownership of real estate and, to the extent the investments are leveraged, the risks
incident to borrowing funds, including risks associated with changes in the general economic climate, changes in
the overall real estate market, local real estate conditions, the financial condition of tenants, buyers and sellers of
properties, supply of or demand for competing properties in an area, technological innovations that dramatically alter
space and demand requirements, the availability of financing, changes in interest rates, competition based on rental
rates, energy and supply shortages, various uninsured and uninsurable risks and government regulations. Furthermore,
there can be no assurance that there will be tenants for the portfolio properties.
Investments in Real Estate Debt Intercontinental may invest in a variety of real estate-related debt investments. In addition to the risks of borrower
default (including loss of principal and nonpayment of interest) and the risks associated with real property investments,
the pooled investment vehicles will be subject to a variety of risks in connection with such debt investments, including
the risks of illiquidity, lack of control, mismanagement or decline in value of collateral, contested foreclosures,
bankruptcy of the debtor, claims for lender liability, violations of usury laws and the imposition of common law or
statutory restrictions on the vehicle’s exercise of contractual remedies for defaults of such investments.
Mortgage Investments Intercontinental may originate, participate, or acquire real estate loans. Mortgage investments have special inherent
risks relative to collateral value. To the extent Intercontinental makes or acquires subordinated or mezzanine debt
investments, Intercontinental does not anticipate having absolute control over the underlying collateral as
Intercontinental will be dependent upon third-party borrowers and agents and will have rights that are subordinate to
those of senior lenders. In certain circumstances, Intercontinental loans may not be secured by a mortgage, but instead
by membership interests or other collateral that may provide weaker rights than a mortgage. In any case, in the event of
default, Intercontinental’s source of repayment will be limited to the value of the collateral and may be subordinate
to other lienholders. The collateral value of the property may be less than the outstanding amount of the pooled
investment vehicle’s investment. Returns on an investment of this type depend on the borrower’s ability to make
required payments, and, in the event of default, the ability of the loan’s servicer to foreclose and liquidate the
mortgage loan.
Investments in Operating Companies Intercontinental generally invests in equity ownership interests in entities that own real estate and real estate-
related assets or to a lesser extent, real estate related businesses or companies that have application to real estate.
Although the objective of each entity in which Intercontinental invests will typically be the ownership of real estate,
not all of the assets owned by such entities will be real estate assets or real estate-related assets. Such entities may have
pre-existing liabilities or liabilities unrelated to the ownership of real estate assets that are different than and in addition
to the other risks described herein.
Environmental Matters
Real property is subject to U.S. federal and state environmental laws, regulations and administrative rulings which,
among other things, establish standards for the treatment, storage and disposal of solid and hazardous waste.
Real property owners are subject to U.S. federal and state environmental laws which impose joint and several
liability on past and present owners and users of real property for hazardous substance remediation and removal
costs. Therefore, there may be exposure to substantial risk of loss from environmental claims arising in respect of
any property with undisclosed or unknown environmental problems or as to which inadequate reserves have been
established.
Non-Controlled Investments
There may be shared or limited control with respect to Intercontinental’s investments. Those investments may
involve risks not present in other types of investments, such as the possibility that the other party(ies) may become
bankrupt or have economic or business interests or goals inconsistent with those of the Manager. Actions taken by
those persons may subject the investment to liabilities in excess of or other than those contemplated by Intercontinental.
It may also be more difficult for Intercontinental to sell the pooled investment vehicle’s interests in those investments.
If control over an investment is shared with another person, deadlocks could result which could delay the execution
of the business plan for the investment, require Intercontinental to engage in a buy-sell of the venture with the co-
venturer or partner or conduct the forced sale of such investment or otherwise adversely affect the investment’s
returns or value. In addition, joint ventures and other entities in which Intercontinental invests may provide
compensation to the other joint venturer or other parties in connection with the acquisition, financing, asset
management, property management, leasing, development, construction and disposition of investments.
Lack of Liquidity Investments in real estate are highly illiquid and subject to industry cycles, downturns in demand, market disruptions
and the lack of available capital from potential lenders or investors (whether to finance or refinance the vehicle’s
properties or for potential purchasers of such properties). Accordingly, there can be no assurance that Intercontinental
will be able to dispose of the vehicle’s properties in a timely manner and/or on favorable terms.
Risks of Leverage Indebtedness may be incurred in connection with the operations of the pooled investment vehicles. The use of
leverage involves a high degree of financial risk and may increase the effect on the portfolio properties of factors
such as rising interest rates, downturns in the economy or deterioration in the condition of the properties. Principal and
interest payments on any indebtedness would have to be made when they become due and payable regardless of
whether sufficient cash is available. If sufficient cash flow is not available, a default in paying such principal and
interest could result in foreclosure of any security instrument securing the debt, the complete loss of the capital
invested in the particular property and, in some cases, recourse by the lender to other portfolio properties. Certain
tax-exempt investors may be subject to unrelated business taxable income because of the vehicle’s use of leverage.
Possibility of Future Terrorist Activity The terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 disrupted the U.S. financial and insurance markets and negatively
impacted the U.S. economy in general, increasing many of the risks noted in this Memorandum. Each pooled investment
vehicle’s properties, or the areas in which they are located, could be subject to future acts of terrorism. In addition
to the potential direct impact of any such future act, future terrorist attacks and the anticipation of any such attacks
could have an adverse impact on the U.S. financial and insurance markets and economy, thus harming leasing demand
for and the value of the vehicle’s properties. It is not possible to predict the severity of the effect that such future events
would have on the U.S. financial and insurance markets and economy or the vehicle’s properties. These events may
have a negative effect on the business and performance results of one or more of the vehicle’s properties, including
by raising insurance premiums and deductibles and limiting available insurance coverage for each vehicle’s
properties.
Insurance May Not Cover All Losses
Uninsured and underinsured losses could harm Intercontinental or its pooled investment vehicles financial condition,
results of operations and ability to make distributions to its investors. Various types of catastrophic losses,
such as losses due to wars, riots, nuclear reaction, terrorist acts, earthquakes, floods, hurricanes, pollution or
environmental matters, generally are either uninsurable or not economically insurable, or may be subject to
insurance coverage limitations, such as large deductibles or co-payments. In the event of a catastrophic loss,
Intercontinental’s insurance coverage may not be sufficient to cover the full current market value or replacement cost
of its lost investment. Should an uninsured loss or a loss in excess of insured limits occur, Intercontinental could lose
all or a portion of the capital it has invested in an investment, as well as the anticipated future revenue from the
investment. In that event, the vehicle might nevertheless remain obligated for any notes payable or other financial
obligations related to the investment, in addition to obligations to the vehicle’s ground lessors, franchisors and
managers. Inflation, changes in building codes and ordinances, environmental considerations, provisions in loan
documents encumbering the portfolio properties pledged as collateral for loans and other factors might also keep the
vehicle from using insurance proceeds to replace or renovate an investment after it has been damaged or destroyed.
Under those circumstances, the insurance proceeds the vehicle receives might be inadequate to restore the vehicle’s
economic position on the damaged or destroyed investment.
Harmful Mold and Other Air Quality Issues When excessive moisture accumulates in buildings or on building materials, mold may grow, particularly if the
moisture problem remains undiscovered or is not addressed over a period of time. Some molds may produce airborne
toxins or irritants. Indoor air quality issues can also stem from inadequate ventilation, chemical contamination from
indoor or outdoor sources and other biological contaminants such as pollen, viruses and bacteria. Indoor exposure to
airborne toxins or irritants above certain levels can be alleged to cause a variety of adverse health effects and
symptoms, including allergic or other reactions. As a result, the presence of significant mold or other airborne
contaminants at any of Intercontinental’s properties could require Intercontinental to undertake a costly remediation
program to contain or remove the mold or other airborne contaminants from the affected property or increase indoor
ventilation. In addition, the presence of significant mold or other airborne contaminants could expose the property
owner to liability from its tenants, employees of its tenants and others if property damage or health concerns arise.
Americans with Disabilities Act and Similar Laws Under the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (the “ADA”), all public accommodations must meet federal
requirements related to access and use by disabled persons. If one or more of the properties in any vehicle’s portfolio
does not comply with the ADA, then the vehicle may be required to incur costs to bring the property into compliance,
which may or may not have been foreseen at the time of acquisition. Future changes to federal, state and local laws also
may require modifications to the vehicle’s properties, or restrict the vehicle’s ability to renovate its properties.
Intercontinental cannot predict the ultimate cost of compliance with the ADA or other legislation. If any pooled
investment vehicle incurs substantial costs to comply with the ADA and any other similar legislation, the pooled
investment vehicle’s financial condition, results of operations, cash flow, cash available for distribution and ability
to satisfy its debt service obligations could be materially adversely affected.
Economic Conditions Negative economic trends nationally, in specific geographic areas of the United States and/or outside the United States,
could result in an increase in debt or loan defaults and delinquencies. Inability of borrowers to obtain refinancing
(particularly as high level of required refinancings approach) may result in an economic decline that could delay or
derail an economic recovery and cause deterioration in the performance of debt investments generally. Additionally,
the following factors may disrupt financial markets and have a negative impact on the assets:
• The bankruptcy or insolvency of one or more financial institutions that result in the disruption of payments
with respect to the assets or triggers additional crises in the global credit markets and overall economy;
• Continued deterioration of the sovereign debt of certain countries, together with the risk of contagion to other,
more stable countries;
• Rating agency downgrades (or otherwise negative changes in their ratings outlook) on the sovereign long-term
debt rating of certain countries;
• Reduced liquidity in the fixed income markets as a result of proposed or implemented changes in the laws
and/or regulations applicable to financial intermediaries;
• Issues affecting the economies of the United States and/or non- U.S. economies; and
• The impact of (i) military operations, (ii) the possibility or actual occurrence of terrorist attacks domestically
or abroad, (iii) climate change and significant weather events, such as hurricanes, (iv) outbreaks of infectious
disease, pandemic, or other significant public health concern, and/or (v) political instability in some parts of
the world, which could have a material adverse effect on general economic conditions, world financial markets,
particular business segments, world commodity prices, consumer confidence and/or market liquidity.
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