The Advisor, a Delaware limited partnership, was formed in January 2011 as the successor to EnTrust Partners
Offshore LLC, a Delaware limited liability company registered as an investment advisor with the SEC under the
Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended (“Advisers Act”), that commenced business operations in
December 1999. On May 2, 2016, the EnTrust business combined with that of the Permal Group, a Legg Mason
subsidiary and global alternative asset manager that was established in 1973 and acquired by Legg Mason in
2005. Gregg S. Hymowitz, the Managing Partner of EnTrust, or entities controlled by him, received a 35%
ownership stake in the combined group of companies. Legg Mason retained a 65% ownership stake. The
combined group of companies over which Legg Mason and Gregg Hymowitz maintain control may be referred
to herein as “EnTrust Global”.
Mr. Hymowitz is the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of EnTrust Global, oversees the investment
management function of the Advisor and is responsible for managing the EnTrust Global business on a day to
day basis. The Management Committee and Global Investment Committee of EnTrust Global are chaired by
Mr. Hymowitz and are comprised of current senior professionals from both legacy firms.
Description of Advisory Services The Advisor manages assets for institutional and private client investors across a multitude of investment vehicles
focused on hedge fund strategies, ranging from diversified or single strategy multi-manager commingled private
vehicles (“Commingled Funds”) to customized portfolios for single investors, managed account solutions, and
direct hedge fund offerings. The Advisor also provides investment sub-advisory services to a fund registered
under the U.S. Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, that is sponsored by Legg Mason, the Advisor’s
parent company.
Commingled Funds: These refer to EnTrust Global- sponsored products generally organized as offshore
corporations (domiciled outside the US) or US limited partnerships. Certain of the Commingled Funds may invest
all or substantially all of their assets in a master fund.
• Offshore Private Funds: The Advisor acts as investment manager to certain offshore private
Commingled Funds. In addition, the Advisor’s affiliate, EnTrust Global Ltd. (“ETG”), a UK-based,
Financial Conduct Authority (“FCA”) regulated investment manager, acts as the investment
manager for certain other offshore private Commingled Funds where the investment
management services are delegated to the Advisor.
• US Private Funds: The Advisor serves as investment manager to certain US private Commingled
Funds where an affiliate of the Advisor serves as the General Partner.
Strategic Partnerships/Separately Managed Accounts: The Advisor offers institutional clients the flexibility of
investing through individually customized managed accounts or single investor fund structures (collectively,
“Strategic Partnerships”), which invest directly in underlying investment vehicles, special purpose funds, and/or
the Commingled Funds and/or co-investment opportunities. The Strategic Partnerships, which may invest pari-
passu with the Commingled Funds, may follow a strategy sub-set or may follow another investment strategy
more specifically tailored to suit the investor’s investment objectives and guidelines. The Advisor may provide
these advisory services on a discretionary or non-discretionary basis.
Direct Private Funds: EnTrust Global also provides investment advisory services to certain investment vehicles
focused on direct lending to the maritime sector (collectively, the “Blue Ocean Funds”). The Blue Ocean Funds
primarily engage in lending to and investing in shipping companies, offshore oil services companies and other
maritime businesses. The strategy is managed by the firm’s Blue Ocean Team.
It is anticipated that during the second half of 2019, the firm will launch the Blue Sky Aviation Funds, the
investment strategy for which will be the financing of commercial aircraft through debt and lease investments.
1940 Act Registered Fund: The Advisor provides sub- investment advisory services to EnTrust Global- Alternative
Core Fund, a fund registered under the U.S. Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, which is sponsored
by Legg Mason.
Unless otherwise noted, references to “Funds” generally refer only to the Commingled Funds and Strategic
Partnerships (and exclude the Blue Ocean Funds and the 1940 Act Registered Fund).
The Funds invest in a diversified mix of hedge funds and co-investments and are managed according to the
objectives and policies described in their respective offering documents (discussed more fully in Item 8). The
Advisor may manage other funds in the future with investment strategies that may or may not be similar to those
of the Funds, including funds that make direct investments in securities, loan portfolios or other financial products.
The Advisor also provides certain administrative and managerial services as management company to certain
domestic private funds. EnTrust Global Partners LLC (formerly EnTrust Partners LLC), an SEC-registered affiliate of
the Advisor, serves as the general partner of the domestic Funds.
Investor transparency and communication have been a cornerstone of the Advisor’s culture since inception.
The Advisor strives to be at the forefront of investor transparency and communication by providing to investors
information received from underlying managers, aggregated and summarized in a clear and concise fashion,
and distributed on a timely basis. These investor communications include not only monthly and quarterly reports
regarding investment performance, but also direct access to underlying managers via a monthly conference
call, updates regarding significant events in the financial markets and the opportunity to attend an annual
“Investor Summit” where underlying managers discuss market views and investment strategies. In addition, the
Advisor takes a proactive approach to risk management and, through the use of third-party software and a
dedicated internal operational due diligence team, has instituted extensive risk management procedures that
pervade all aspects of the initial and ongoing due diligence process as it relates to the selection and monitoring
of underlying managers (See Item 8). The Advisor has a formal Global Investment Committee (“GIC”) and Risk
Committee (“RC”), with the RC having the power to veto any new investment or additional allocation decision
made by the GIC.
Internal Controls The Advisor has established a Compliance and Conflicts Committee to enhance the independence of oversight
and controls relating to the Advisor’s compliance policies and procedures and to identify, address and resolve
existing and potential conflicts of interest that may arise across the Advisor’s business practices.
The Committee includes senior members of the Legal and Compliance Team and John H. Walsh (former
Associate Director-Chief Counsel for the SEC’s Office of Compliance Inspections and Examinations and a
current Partner at the law firm of Eversheds Sutherland) as Independent Legal/Compliance Advisor to the
Committee. Issues may be identified for consideration by the Committee through senior management’s daily
interaction with employees, as well as the regular meetings of the RC and the GIC (discussed below).
Formal meetings are generally conducted on a monthly basis, even when no particular issue is identified for
consideration, although the Committee may meet more frequently as issues arise. Notes of meetings are
prepared and maintained. In addition, the Independent Legal/Compliance Advisor conducts quarterly training
sessions for the Advisor’s personnel regarding compliance issues and considerations.
Finally, the Committee discusses on an ongoing basis the firm’s business practices and relationships as well as
how to best mitigate and monitor the inventory of identified and anticipated risks.
In addition, in 2018, although not required, at the request of the Advisor, EisnerAmper LLP, the Funds’
independent auditor, conducted a SSAE 16 Report (formerly known as a SAS 70 Report) on Controls Placed in
Operations. This Report was used by the Advisor to further review and assess its own operational controls on an
ongoing basis. Copies of SSAE 16 Reports are available upon request.
Cybersecurity In response to the increasing number of cyber-attacks across different industries and increased regulatory focus
on financial firms’ preparedness to protect information and systems and to respond to such attacks, the Advisor
conducts an ongoing assessment of its technology systems and controls.
Our assessment particularly focuses on supervisory controls over, and protection of, systems and confidential
information, operational capabilities of systems and where these systems could be improved to provide better
protection, preparedness to respond to cyber-attacks, the drafting of written policies and procedures and
vendor management.
No cybersecurity program can anticipate and prevent all types of cyber-attacks (please refer to “Cybersecurity
Risk” under Item 8). The Advisor has invested significant time and resources in strengthening and upgrading its
internal controls and systems. This includes an entire infrastructure upgrade of its server environment, having an
external vulnerability assessment conducted and strengthening the monitoring of potential threat activity and
other controls. The Advisor will continue to monitor its cybersecurity program and spend the necessary time and
resources to implement upgrades as necessary.
Availability of Customized Vehicles The Advisor may establish individually customized managed accounts or single investor fund structures for
certain investors. Customization can assume various forms based on specific investor preferences relating to,
among other things: (a) returns; (b) liquidity; (c) volatility; (d) exposure to specific investment strategies, asset
classes, managers, and/or geographies; (e) exposure to more opportunistic co-investment opportunities; (f) tail
risk protection solutions for a strategic partner’s broader portfolio; and/or (g) middle and back office solutions.
Aside from portfolio construction and composition issues, such arrangements may afford transparency through
periodic calls and meetings with the Advisor’s key investment professionals and its underlying managers and a
web-based portal to provide real-time information regarding the strategic partner’s particular investments,
account balances, specific trades, liquidity analyses, risk aggregation analyses and performance on portfolio-
and manager-specific levels. Additionally, one of the Advisor’s investment analysts is assigned to each such
arrangement to handle questions and issues that may arise on a day-to-day basis.
The terms of such arrangements are subject to negotiations between the Advisor and the investor and, as such,
will vary across such arrangements and may be different than the terms for the Funds, including, without
limitation, the right to receive reports on a more frequent basis or to receive reports that include information not
provided to other investors, the right to pay a reduced incentive allocation/fee and/or management fee and
such other rights as may be negotiated between the Advisor and such investor.
The establishment of such customized arrangements may involve the withdrawal and/or the transfer of
investments in underlying investment vehicles or direct investments within a timeframe or in a manner outside of
the terms set forth in the Fund’s offering documentation or on terms not offered to other investors. In considering
whether to effect such a withdrawal/transfer, the Advisor will consider the impact, if any, on remaining investors
in the Fund regarding additional expenses to be borne, portfolio concentration or otherwise, will consult the
Fund’s independent Board of Directors and will endeavor, where possible, to make such terms available to other
investors in the Fund.
Such customized arrangements will not be entered into if the Advisor determines that any such proposed
arrangement disadvantages or otherwise negatively impacts the ability of the Advisor to provide the desired
level of advisory services to other investors.
Customized arrangements may create potential conflicts of interest in the allocation of investment opportunities
among the various customized arrangements and between the customized arrangements and the Advisor’s
Commingled Funds. The Advisor has adopted an allocation policy intended to mitigate such potential conflicts
of interest. (See item 6).
Co-investments The Advisor carefully considers investment opportunities presented by managers to source and gain exposure
to more concentrated opportunistic investments. The Advisor constantly evaluates ideas and asset classes for
potential co-investment opportunities, which may be investments that require additional capital in excess of the
amount that an underlying portfolio may be able or willing to invest or may be an independent investment
opportunity. Typically, co-investment opportunities are sourced in response to market dislocations or involve
manager led catalysts. Co-investments may be accessed through a particular Fund, or a dedicated portfolio
within a Fund, or through a special purpose fund or other investment vehicle that invests in an investment vehicle
managed by an underlying manager, through a direct Investment by a Fund or through taking an ownership
interest in a management company of a third-party investment manager or otherwise.
Managed Account Platform Permal Managed Account Platform (the “Platform”): Originally part of the legacy Permal business prior to the
business combination with EnTrust in 2016, these are Funds managed by unaffiliated third-party investment
managers (each, a “PMAP Fund”) for which the Advisor serves as a portfolio monitor. The Platform is offered to
investors to provide enhanced transparency and reporting, among other features. A separate investment
vehicle is organized for each third-party investment manager and is used to aggregate investments made with
that manager by multiple clients of the Advisor and its investment advisory affiliates. In its capacity as portfolio
monitor to the PMAP Funds, the Advisor performs various tasks, including, but not limited to, conducting due
diligence and risk monitoring of the third-party investment managers and making recommendations to the
Board of Directors for each PMAP Fund (the “Board”) regarding the hiring and retention of the relevant manager
and the appropriate investment strategy for such PMAP Fund. The Board for each PMAP Fund retains the
ultimate authority regarding such PMAP Fund’s investment strategy and its hiring and retention of the third-party
investment manager.
As compensation for providing portfolio monitoring services, the Advisor receives an expense reimbursement or
“chargeback” (the “Chargeback”) from the PMAP Funds. The PMAP Funds pay a pro rata portion of the
Chargeback attributable to the Platform, which is calculated by the Advisor on an annual basis by (i) surveying
each employee who provides portfolio monitoring services to the PMAP Funds to determine how much time
such employee spends providing such services as a percentage of total time spent by such employee in his or
her role at the Advisor and (ii) multiplying that percentage by the total amount of the personnel costs (including
total compensation and benefits) incurred by the Advisor with respect to such employee. The Chargeback
amount also includes certain costs incurred on behalf of the PMAP Funds with respect to systems or data used
to assist in monitoring the Platform. Since its inception, the Chargeback has not exceeded 8 basis points.
Beginning in 2019, the Chargeback will i) be capped at and will not exceed 10 basis points of average assets
under management for any PMAP Fund in any year and ii) be subject to the approval of the Boards for the
PMAP Funds, based on their review and assessment of the reasonableness of the Chargeback, taking into
consideration, among other things, the calculation methodology set forth above and the cost to the Advisor to
provide the portfolio monitoring services.
Certain PMAP Fund investors do not pay the Chargeback because of regulatory or other restrictions. Portfolio
Monitoring services provided to any particular PMAP Fund in any given year may not be the same as provided
to other PMAP Funds, may vary from year to year and services may not be provided to a particular PMAP Fund
in a given year. In deciding whether to allocate investment assets to the Platform or to another investment
vehicle managed by the same third-party investment manager, the Advisor has a potential conflict of interest
because it could be viewed as incentivized to allocate such assets to the Platform in order to receive the
Chargeback. Any potential conflict of interest in this regard is mitigated by the veto power of the Advisor’s RC
over any new investment or additional allocation made by the Advisor’s GIC. The roles of the RC and the GIC
are more fully discussed in Item 8 below.
As of March 31, 2019, the Advisor managed approximately $7,425,816,837 in assets on a discretionary basis
and approximately $970,520,262 on a non-discretionary basis.
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The fee structure for each Fund is set forth in the offering documents for that Fund, or in the managed account
agreement for a separately managed account, as the case may be. The management fee paid to the Advisor
(the “Management Fee”) is generally payable quarterly and is prorated for periods less than a full quarter. The
Management Fee may vary for different classes of shares in the Funds (collectively, the “Shares”), but generally
ranges from 0.10% to 0.50% (per quarter), of the net asset value of a particular class of Shares, measured as of
the last day of the quarter, although some Funds may pay a monthly Management Fee. In certain Funds, the
Management Fee is calculated based on invested capital.
In addition, the Advisor may receive an incentive fee/allocation (the “Incentive Fee”) on an annual basis (or, in
some cases, quarterly or as agreed to with investors) in certain share classes or for certain Funds (generally
ranging from 5% to 20% per annum) of net profits. As set forth more fully in the offering documentation for a
particular Fund, the Incentive Fee in some share classes or Funds is subject to hurdle rates or clawback provisions.
The Incentive Fee is generally subject to the recoupment of unrecovered net losses incurred previously.
Investors in Funds where the Incentive Fee is charged at the overall Fund level or to a particular class or series of
shares should note that as equalization or series accounting is not used, the Incentive Fee will be based on the
overall performance of the Fund or class or series of shares, as applicable, as opposed to the specific
performance of the shares held by a particular Investor. Depending upon the circumstances, certain Investors
may be advantaged while others may be disadvantaged depending on the calculation methodology being
used.
The Advisor, in its sole discretion, may waive or reduce all or any portion of the Management Fee and/or
Incentive Fee for certain investors in the Funds. New classes of Shares may also be created with different fee
structures. For separately managed accounts, fees generally will track the range of Management
Fees/Incentive Fees for the Funds depending on the amount of assets in the account or as may be negotiated.
Any Incentive Fee for a managed account will be subject to negotiation between the Advisor and the investor.
In addition, the Advisor and/or Funds may, without notice to investors, enter into agreements with certain
investors who, in the Advisor’s judgment, make a significant investment in a Fund, granting them, among other
things, greater portfolio transparency, fee waivers or reductions, additional rights to reports or other information
and other more favorable investment terms than the terms associated with an investment by investors pursuant
to the offering documentation. The Funds have the power to create different classes of interests for certain
substantial investors and may create additional classes having different rights for the purpose of implementing
such agreements. For example, such additional classes of interests may have different voting rights,
management fees or incentive compensation arrangements. In offering more favorable investment terms to
certain investors, the Advisor and/or Funds shall have no obligation, subject to any applicable “most favored
nations” agreements, to offer such additional rights, terms or conditions to all investors.
Each Fund’s expenses are set forth in the respective offering documents for the particular Fund and may include,
the Management Fee and the Incentive Fee (if applicable); fees of the Fund’s independent auditors, legal
counsel and Administrator; fees for the maintenance of the Fund’s books and accounts, including license fees
and costs associated with any software used to maintain the books and records for the Fund, including portfolio
management, risk management and investor reporting and technology expenses; fees of any separate
accountants retained for the Fund and fees paid pursuant to the Services Agreement (see discussion below on
the Services Agreement); registration, licensing and custodian fees; directors’ fees; taxes (including withholding
and transfer taxes); bank service fees; organizational expenses; governmental fees, preparation and distribution
of Shareholders’ reports and other communications with Shareholders and the public, the costs incurred in
connection with marketing the Fund Shares (including travel, car service, car rental and parking and lodging
expenses incurred in attending conferences and presentations with investors and prospective investors), the
cost of updating the Fund’s offering documents, professional fees of consultants (including risk management
and compliance consultants and, where appropriate, valuation experts) incurred in connection with the
operations of the Fund, manager research costs and background checks, subscription fees for market data
services, databases and related research expenses and other due diligence tools (including travel and
expenses in connection with monitoring and conducting due diligence on underlying hedge fund investments)
and the costs and expenses of securing and maintaining any line of credit or liquidity facility, including interest
expense and commitment fees. All travel and lodging expense reimbursements are subject to the Advisor’s
Code of Ethics and its Travel Reimbursement Policy, which limit the types of expenses that may be incurred and
provides that expenses will only be reimbursed if they are ordinary and reasonable.
In addition to the fees and expenses described above, the Funds (including the Blue Ocean Funds and the 1940
Act Registered Fund) will bear, directly and indirectly, certain additional expenses, which are described in the
relevant offering documentation or separately managed account agreement. Some of these expenses may
include, as applicable:
Dealing fees for subscribing to/redeeming from the Funds – depending upon the share class subscribed
to and amount purchased, dealing fees, such as front end or back end sales charges, may apply to
the investor. These amounts are not typically paid to EnTrust Global but are charged and retained by
financial intermediaries who offer the Funds for sale to their clients.
Distribution fees – for Investors subscribing into a share class of a Fund with a back-end sales charge, an
ongoing distribution fee of 1% will be charged. This fee is also generally paid to the financial
intermediary that made the Fund available for sale.
Investment company fees (layering Rule 12d-3) will be charged to investors in Funds registered under
the U.S. Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.
Underlying Fund fees and expenses - a pro rata portion of the expenses of each underlying fund in
which it invests, including the management fees and incentive fees payable to the managers of such
funds. In certain cases, the Advisor has been able to negotiate more favorable fee terms than those
otherwise payable by an investor in such fund.
In addition, as discussed further in Item 12 – Brokerage Practices, the Advisor may, on occasion, buy and sell
securities traded in secondary markets, including exchange traded funds (“ETFs”), open-end and closed-end
funds and other securities. In these cases, investors will bear the costs and expenses (such as commissions or
spreads) associated with such trading.
Each Fund also bears a pro rata portion of the expenses of each underlying fund in which it invests, including
the management fees and incentive fees payable to the managers of such funds. In certain cases, the Advisor
has been able to negotiate more favorable fee terms than those otherwise payable by an investor in such fund.
For those expenses which relate to or which benefit one or more specifically identifiable Funds, each such
expense will be allocated solely to those Funds. For those expenses which cannot reasonably be allocated to
a Fund or specific Fund(s) or which benefit all Funds, the expense will be allocated across all Funds on a pro rata
or other basis that is fair and equitable to all clients.
In addition, the Advisor’s Compliance Manual contains an expense allocation policy. This policy provides,
among other things, for periodic review and testing of expense allocations to assess whether such allocations
are consistent with disclosure in the relevant offering documentation.
Certain of the Funds (including the Blue Ocean Funds) have entered into or are expected to enter into a Services
Agreement with the Advisor or a former affiliate of the Advisor, pursuant to which certain personnel of the Advisor
perform services for both the Advisor and the Funds, including accounting, legal and compliance (including but
not limited to oversight of certain risk management and ancillary services). Under the Services Agreement, fees
are payable by the relevant Funds and are currently set at 10 basis points per annum of a Fund’s Net Asset Value
(the “Fee”). The amount of the Fee is subject to adjustment (up or down) on an annual basis, subject to the sole
discretion and approval of the independent board of directors for the offshore Funds based on its assessment
of the reasonableness of the Fee, taking into consideration, among other things, the cost to EnTrust Global to
provide the services. The Fee is intended to be sufficient to cover the total compensation and benefit costs and
the Advisor’s share of taxes for such personnel who typically also provide significant services to the Advisor and
does not exceed the Advisor’s costs in providing such services. Services provided to any particular Fund in any
given year may not be the same as provided to other Funds and, from time to time, no services may be provided
to a particular Fund in a given year. Certain investment vehicles managed by the Advisor or its investment
advisory affiliates may not pay the Fee but may, nonetheless, receive the services set forth above. Investors will
be notified of any change in the Fee prior to its implementation. The Services Agreement is available upon
request.
The offering documents for a particular Fund, or the managed account agreement for a separately managed
account, specify the redemption terms for such Fund or account, as the case may be. In general, no
redemption is permitted other than as set forth in such governing documents, subject to the right of the Advisor
or the Fund, as applicable, in its sole discretion and without notice to other investors, to waive such requirements
for investors on a case by case basis.
In addition, EnTrust Global Securities LLC (formerly EnTrustPermal Securities LLC), an affiliate of the Advisor, is a
Delaware limited liability company registered with the SEC as a broker-dealer (the “Broker-Dealer”) and a
member firm of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”) and the Securities Investor Protection
Corporation (“SIPC”). The Broker-Dealer does not hold securities or customer accounts, nor does it clear or
execute any trades on behalf of the Funds or otherwise. The sole business purpose of the Broker-Dealer is to
introduce prospective investors to the investment vehicles managed by the Advisor and its affiliates.
The decision to form the Broker-Dealer, which commenced operations in July 2009, reflected a view on the part
of senior management consistent with the “black letter” of the law as it relates to firm employees whose primary
function is to raise capital for the Funds. Specifically, the law requires that such employees who receive
transaction-based compensation attributable to investors they refer to the Funds must be registered and
licensed with a broker-dealer because the recommendation of a Fund investment is a recommendation of a
security. It is the shared view of senior management and outside counsel that this approach is consistent with
the firm’s culture of continuing to operate the business as conservatively as possible.
Registered representatives of the Broker-Dealer may be compensated under a variety of compensation
arrangements, including base compensation and/or a bonus or by payment of a percentage of the fee
attributable to investors they refer to a particular Fund. Such dedicated business development professionals
may be part-time or full-time employees of the Broker-Dealer and may provide information about a particular
marketplace (e.g., Taft Hartley, State or local governments) with which they are familiar and may have other
relationships with a prospective investor.
The Broker-Dealer provides these services to the Advisor pursuant to an agreement that provides that the Broker-
Dealer receives a certain percentage of the Management Fees attributable to investors it refers to the Funds
and may receive a portion of the Incentive Fee (if any) as determined on an investor-by-investor basis. All fees
payable to the Broker-Dealer and its registered representatives by virtue of this arrangement are the
responsibility of the Advisor (and/or its investment advisory affiliates) and are not passed through to the Funds or
to investors. Such registered representatives are in-house firm employees and are subject to supervision and
oversight in accordance with the written supervisory procedures of the Broker-Dealer.
In addition, EnTrust Global utilizes Best Alternative Outsourcing Services (“Best”), based in India, for support
regarding fund accounting, operations, compliance/regulatory surveillance and client reporting. Best has a
team of people dedicated solely to the EnTrust Global business. EnTrust Global’s personnel work collaboratively
with Best on a daily basis and across different business units to attempt to achieve operational efficiencies in the
areas noted above.
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The Advisor’s fee structure, including as it relates to performance-based fees, is set forth in response to Item 5
above. All Funds generally follow the same investment strategy for each separate class of Shares within that
particular Fund, so that the same underlying managers and investments are selected for each class of Shares
within each Fund regardless of fee structure. Accordingly, the Advisor is not incentivized to favor or pursue more
speculative investment strategies for those classes of Shares for which it may receive an Incentive Fee.
In any event, any potential conflict of interest in this regard is mitigated by the veto power of the Advisor’s RC
over any new investment or additional allocation made by the GIC. The Risk Committee’s role is more fully
discussed in Item 8 below.
Statement of Allocation Policy and Procedure. It is the Advisor’s policy that no Fund or other account for which the Advisor has investment discretion (collectively, “EnTrust Global Clients”) shall receive preferential treatment
over any other EnTrust Global Client. In allocating securities among EnTrust Global Clients with a substantially
similar investment strategy, it is the Advisor’s policy that all such EnTrust Global Clients should be treated fairly
and equitably over time and that, to the extent possible, all EnTrust Global Clients with a substantially similar
investment strategy should receive equivalent treatment.
Investment opportunities generally will be allocated among those EnTrust Global Clients for which participation
in the respective opportunity is considered appropriate by the Advisor taking into account, among other
considerations:
(a) the nature of the proposed investment and the size of the aggregate position available to EnTrust Global
Clients;
(b) each EnTrust Global Client’s investment objective and strategies;
(c) whether the risk-return profile of the proposed investment is consistent with the EnTrust Global Client’s
objectives, whether such objectives are considered (i) solely in light of the specific investment under
consideration or (ii) in the context of such EnTrust Global Client’s overall holdings;
(d) existing exposure to the proposed investment, if any, and the potential for the proposed investment to
create an imbalance in the EnTrust Global Client’s portfolio;
(e) liquidity requirements of the EnTrust Global Client;
(f) the EnTrust Global Client’s available cash to invest;
(g) tax considerations;
(h) legal and/or regulatory restrictions that would or could limit an EnTrust Global Client’s ability to
participate in a proposed investment;
(i) the risk parameters for the EnTrust Global Client’s portfolio;
(j) overall portfolio construction for the EnTrust Global Client; and
(k) other criteria the Advisor deems relevant (the nature and extent of the differences will vary from client
to client).
As a result of the application of these factors, allocations and performance across EnTrust Global Clients that
are similarly situated will differ for particular investments or over time.
Where an underlying manager or other investment opportunity has limited capacity and the investment is
suitable for more than one EnTrust Global Client: (i) the Advisor is not obligated to cause an EnTrust Global Client
that invested first to redeem to free up capacity for another EnTrust Global Client; (ii) where two or more EnTrust
Global Clients are considering the investment at the same time, the investment generally will be made pro rata
based on the capital available among the participating EnTrust Global Clients for the proposed investment and
on assets under management, but in consideration of the factors listed above.
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The Advisor’s clients are noted in response to Item 4 above. The minimum initial investment amount for the Funds
(or capital commitment amount, as applicable) is set forth in the offering documentation for the particular Fund.
Minimum investment requirements are subject to waiver or reduction in the sole discretion of the Advisor. The
Advisor may refuse to permit a partial redemption if the value of the redeeming investor’s Shares would be less
than an amount set forth in the offering documentation, as applicable. In addition, each prospective investor
must satisfy the accreditation requirements set forth in the offering documents of each Fund in which the Investor
intends to invest.
Investors in the Funds may include public, corporate and Taft-Hartley pension funds, foundations, endowments,
sovereign wealth funds, insurance companies, high net worth individuals and families or other investors. In
addition, the Advisor may provide investment advisory services to separately managed accounts for the benefit
of such types of investors. Minimum account sizes for such accounts are subject to negotiation.
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Methods of Analysis
Funds Although a particular Fund may be strategy specific or specific to a defined universe of investment strategies,
the primary objective of the Advisor is to construct a portfolio of managers with consistent risk-adjusted rates of
return within different non-correlated investment strategies, thereby seeking to diversify risk and down-side
exposure. Position sizing is determined by the Advisor’s Global Investment Committee (“GIC”) based on
quantitative analysis, as well as information gained from feedback from investment analysts during their regular
contact with underlying managers, from the GIC members’ interaction with portfolio managers and industry
investment professionals and from any macro market conditions that the GIC believes may impede or enhance
specific strategy investment opportunities.
In selecting managers for a portfolio, the Advisor does not follow a rigid asset allocation policy but instead seeks
diversification through a combination of managers trading a range of strategies. The Funds are designed not
only to utilize expert managers but also to deploy and redeploy investment capital within a range of investment
strategies which the Advisor regards as likely to provide favorable opportunities in changing economic
environments. Certain Funds may have more restrictive investment guidelines.
The screening process for underlying managers includes a review of a number of different factors, the most
important being:
A definable investment strategy and process - Each manager must have a clearly defined investment strategy, process and methodology. Just as importantly, the Advisor verifies that the manager has consistently
maintained its investment strategy throughout various market conditions.
A consistent, risk-adjusted historical performance record – The Funds typically invest with managers who have historical risk-adjusted performance records of significant duration and which are uncorrelated to returns of
other managers in the portfolio. Such performance records must demonstrate an ability to achieve returns
during both favorable and unfavorable market cycles.
Disciplined risk management techniques - Managers are also evaluated on their ability to manage risk to an acceptably low level. Each prospective manager is required to complete the Advisor’s proprietary due
diligence questionnaire, which is extensive and incorporates questions related to investment strategy, exposures,
concentrations, leverage, transparency and performance, as well as risk management, valuation procedures,
pricing policies, cash controls and service providers. Once invested with a manager, the Advisor regularly
reviews the overall market risk exposure, hedging and other risk management techniques utilized by the
manager to limit market exposure and downside risk.
A commonality of financial interests – The Funds typically invest with managers who have meaningful financial commitments jointly with their clients, demonstrated by having significant amounts of their personal capital
invested in their own portfolios.
The members of the investment team meet regularly to discuss the allocation and sizing of particular investments,
the status of investments being considered and matters concerning the investment portfolio generally. Such
meetings may also include the Chief Risk Officer (“CRO”) and the Chief Compliance Officer (“CCO”). The
portfolio is reviewed regularly and rebalanced by the GIC on a monthly basis. In addition, members of the
investment team also meet regularly and more informally with the CROs, the CCO, the Advisor’s financial
controllers and members of the operational due diligence team to share information and thoughts across
different business units regarding, among other things, portfolio positioning, construction and, risk parameters.
Blue Ocean Funds The Blue Ocean Funds’ deal workflow is typically a four-step process: Sourcing, Underwriting, Closing and Post-
Funding. The Blue Ocean team will actively assess and closely monitor the loans/leases throughout the tenor of
the loans/leases. The primary purpose of the review is to reassess and monitor the borrowers’ continuing credit
quality and to conduct ongoing stress testing at the portfolio level. Reviews will typically include financial
performance, covenants, collateral and liquidation analysis and a market summary. The Blue Ocean team will
actively monitor the financial and reporting covenants established in the loan agreements or security
documents.
The Blue Ocean Executive Committee meets to help oversee the origination, purchase, sale or other disposition
(among other actions) regarding the Blue Ocean Funds’ investments. The Blue Ocean Executive Committee
consists of Gregg S. Hymowitz, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of EnTrust Global, Svein Engh, Committee
Chair and Portfolio Manager of the Blue Ocean Funds, and Omer Donnerstein, Managing Director, Investment
Research. The Blue Ocean Executive Committee approves investment decisions for the Blue Ocean Funds.
Operational Due Diligence
The Advisor takes a proactive approach to risk management and the extensive risk management procedures it
has implemented are critical to, although independent of, the investment process.
Managers are sourced from referrals from the Advisor’s network of investment professionals, existing managers
and hedge fund databases (i.e., Preqin and HFR among others). Once a prospective investment manager is
identified, members of the Advisor’s team meet and interview the prospective investment manager(s). Through
the interview process, the Advisor garners an in-depth understanding of the manager’s investment thesis and
processes. As investment due diligence progresses, the Advisor performs in-depth operational due diligence (as
set forth in more detail below).
Investment managers are required to complete an extensive proprietary due diligence questionnaire, which
incorporates questions related to investment strategy, as well as risk management, valuation procedures, pricing
policies, cash controls, cybersecurity and service providers.
The Advisor’s operational due diligence team, which includes CPAs with hedge fund audit experience, will meet
with accounting and operations personnel on-site to determine the scope and adequacy of the back-office
infrastructure, internal controls, valuation and pricing procedures, financial reporting, disaster recovery plans
and service providers.
Information obtained from the on-site meeting, the questionnaire and other materials available are reviewed
and outstanding questions are resolved via follow-up calls, meetings or e-mails. Typically, the Advisor’s team will
meet with a manager a minimum of three times before investment (one initial meeting, one investment team/in-
depth strategy review and an operational due diligence review).
Prior to making an investment with any new manager, members of the Advisor’s team contact individuals within
its network for background checks/referrals and the Advisor’s operational due diligence team contacts the
administrator and other key service providers of the underlying portfolio to confirm the relationship. The Advisor
utilizes certain independent investigative firms to perform background checks on all prospective managers,
senior members of their management teams and any personnel in an existing manager’s firm with signatory
authority over cash accounts or trading authority. These background checks are also conducted on new
personnel in a firm with signatory authority.
The exact nature of operational due diligence conducted and the amount of time devoted to operational due
diligence in any particular circumstance can vary depending on a number of factors, including but not limited
to familiarity with, and operational infrastructure of, an underlying manager.
Final decisions regarding initial Fund investments or co-investments with managers and any additional capital
allocations are made by the Advisor’s GIC based on meetings with the managers and input from various
members of the Advisor’s team. However, the Risk Committee (“RC”) has the power to veto any new investment
or additional allocation decision made by the Advisor’s GIC.
The RC is responsible for identifying and addressing inherent and exogenous risk factors in the portfolio, as well
as mitigation methodologies. The RC generally meets formally on a bi-monthly basis and may meet more
frequently on an informal basis. Notes are maintained of the formal RC meetings. The RC includes the CRO
(Committee Chair) as well as senior members of the firm, including members of the Risk Team, Operational Due
Diligence and Legal/Compliance.
Investment Strategies
The Advisor’s primary objective is to build a portfolio of managers within a range of non-correlated investment
strategies that the Advisor regards as likely to provide favorable investment opportunities in most economic
environments. However, the Advisor will not invest in any investment style or strategy which it is not comfortable
with after interviewing the investment manager and performing extensive due diligence.
The Advisor seeks to select individual managers that offer a variety of different skills in an effort to further balance
the Funds’ investment portfolios and to provide for the preservation of capital while maximizing opportunities for
growth. The Advisor considers a number of factors in selecting managers, including, but not limited to: the
manager’s basic investment strategy and policies; reputation; prior performance; use of fundamental analysis
and other analytical methods; use of leverage and other techniques; and trading acumen. There are no
limitations on the investment strategies or techniques that may be employed by the Advisor, the portfolios
selected or the structure utilized by the Advisor to access an underlying manager. In most cases, Funds
managed by the Advisor invest in commingled private investment funds advised by underlying managers.
However, in appropriate cases, other vehicles may be utilized. By way of example only, the Advisor may invest,
through a manager or directly, in illiquid securities, special purpose vehicles, single investor vehicles or separately
managed accounts. Prospective investors are urged to address any questions regarding strategies (and related
risks) that may be employed by managers of the Funds’ assets with the Advisor prior to investment.
The core investment strategies pursued by the underlying managers for the Funds are set forth below, although
the investment strategy for a particular Fund is set forth in that Fund’s offering documentation:
Global Long/Short Equity – Long/Short Equity managers combine a portfolio of long equity positions with
a portfolio of short equity positions. Long equity positions are expected to appreciate in value and short equity
positions are expected to decrease in value. A manager can look to add value on both the long and short
positions, or can simply use a short position to hedge market exposure by shorting a security or index which has
a high degree of correlation to the portfolio’s long positions. Managers may be anywhere from net long to net
short depending on market conditions, and generally increase net long exposure when markets are expected
to rise and decrease net long exposure when markets are expected to fall. Strategies can be value or growth
oriented and may invest in equities across the market capitalization spectrum and across multiple countries and
regions.
Credit & Special Situations – Credit strategies refer to any strategies that utilize credit related securities
such as various fixed income instruments and derivative instruments such as credit default swaps. Common
credit strategies include distressed investing and credit arbitrage. Distressed securities strategies invest in
companies affected by an adverse financial or operating situation such as bankruptcies, debt restructuring,
over-levered balance sheets, corporate reorganizations, poor operating results and/or the distressed sale of
assets. A manager may invest in distressed securities believed to be selling at a price below the value of such
securities after a reorganization or liquidation of the company. At times, the distressed manager may take an
active role in creditor committees during the bankruptcy or reorganization process to work towards a favorable
outcome for the securities being held. Depending on the manager's style, investments may be made in bank
debt, corporate debt, trade claims, common stock, preferred stock and/or warrants. Returns from distressed
securities strategies are usually dependent on the outcome of the bankruptcy or reorganization process. Credit
arbitrage strategies attempt to exploit pricing inefficiencies between similarly structured credit sensitive securities
of different issuers. For example, although the bonds of two different companies may have comparable
duration, coupon rates and credit ratings, one bond may trade at a premium to the other. Generally, credit
instruments used may include loans, bonds and credit default swaps. A variety of hedging techniques are
employed to reduce certain risks, including interest rate and credit risk. A manager may look to exploit the
pricing discrepancy by buying the undervalued security and shorting the overvalued security, expecting to
make a profit as the prices of the two securities begin to converge. Managers employing a special situations
strategy generally utilize distressed-type analysis in order to analyze companies that are not in bankruptcy but
are undergoing other event driven transactions such as restructurings, turnarounds and spin-offs.
Event Driven, Multi-Strategy & Arbitrage – Event driven investing is also referred to as corporate life cycle
investing and focuses on opportunities created by transactional events such as spin-offs, consolidations, mergers
and acquisitions, liquidations, recapitalization, bankruptcies and other significant corporate transactions. Event
driven strategies analyze these transactions in order to predict the outcome and commit capital in a way that
benefits from that outcome. Event driven strategies are broad in scope and employ a diverse set of securities
including common and preferred stock, debt securities, warrants, stubs and derivatives. More focused event
driven type strategies include merger arbitrage, distressed securities and special situations. The success of the
strategy primarily relies on the accurate assessment of the outcome and timing of the transactions and the
proper deployment of capital. Multi-strategy managers may engage in a variety of these investment strategies.
Activist – Activist managers focus on long-term undervalued strategic investments and work to
proactively create a catalyst to unlock value. Activist managers attempt to unlock value in companies by
developing relationships with management and seek to implement strategic changes that are expected to
lead to higher share prices, such as changes in corporate direction and management, corporate restructuring,
recapitalization and share buybacks, improvement of operations or a sale of the company. Profits are made
when successful value enhancing activities lead to an increase in the price of the company’s securities.
The Advisor expects that Funds will hold interests in an entity that are of a different class, type or seniority
from, or otherwise adverse to, the class, type or seniority of interests held by other Funds. Similarly, from time to
time Funds will hold multiple investments across the capital structure of an issuer of varying classes, types or
seniorities, but will hold different proportions of each such investment or differing priorities of loans or equity. It is
possible that the trading and investment activities of any Fund could conflict with the activities and strategies
employed in managing the assets of any other Fund and affect the prices and availability of the securities and
instruments in which a Fund invests. For example, from time to time, one Fund may hold unsecured debt or a
junior tranche of debt of a borrower, or may become a counterparty to a finance lease with a borrower, while
another Fund holds secured debt of the same borrower. This would result in one Fund being senior or junior to
another Fund in the capital structure of such entity. In a restructuring, workout or other distressed scenarios the
interests of such Funds would likely be adverse to one another, and one such Fund might recover all or part of
their investment while the other would not. Decisions about what action should be taken in a troubled situation,
including whether to enforce claims, whether to advocate or initiate a restructuring or liquidation inside or
outside of bankruptcy, and the terms of any work-out or restructuring, raise conflicts of interest. Furthermore, in
circumstances where the Advisors are negotiating the terms of different investments across the capital structure
– for instance, where the Advisors are simultaneously negotiating terms of a senior loan and a junior loan (and/or
the related intercreditor agreement) on behalf of different Funds - additional conflicts of interest may arise.
In addressing certain of the potential conflicts of interest described herein, the Advisors and/or the
applicable underlying manager may, but shall not be obligated to, take one or more actions on behalf of a
Fund, including any one or more of the following: (i) causing a Fund to remain passive in a situation in which it is
otherwise entitled to vote, (ii) referring the matter to one or more persons that are not affiliated with the Advisors
to review or approve of an intended course of action with respect to such matter; (iii) consulting with the Fund
on such matter or otherwise requesting that the investors (or an advisory board) approve such matter; (iv)
establishing ethical screens or information barriers to separate Advisors’ investment professionals or assigning
different teams of the Advisors’ investment professionals, in each case, to Funds that hold different classes, series
or tranches of an issuer’s capital structure; (v) as between two Funds, ensuring (or seeking to ensure) that the
underlying investors therein own interests in the same securities or financial instruments are in the same
proportions so as to preserve an alignment of interest; or (vi) causing a Fund to divest itself of a security or
financial instrument or particular class, series or tranche of an issuer’s capital structure it might otherwise have
held, including causing a Fund to sell a security or financial instrument to one or more other Funds (or vice
versa),or third party investors or (vii) in circumstances where the Advisors are simultaneously negotiating the
terms of potentially conflicting investments (such as negotiating the terms of a senior loan and a junior loan
(and/or the related intercreditor agreement)) on behalf of different Funds, taking actions such as (A) retaining
separate external counsel for the potentially conflicting investments, (B) seeking consent from an independent
third party or the investors themselves, or (C) having separate investment professionals within the Advisors be
responsible for the negotiation and approval of the terms of each investment.
Other investment strategies may include:
• Discretionary Global Macro;
• Systematic Global Macro;
• Fixed Income Trading;
• Long Only Commodities; and
• Emerging Markets.
Risks
Investments in the Funds are speculative and involve a substantial degree of risk, including the risk that an
investor could lose some or all of its investment in the Fund. An investment in the Funds should be made only
after consulting with independent qualified sources of investment, legal, tax, accounting and other advice. A
non-exhaustive list of risks is set forth below including, where applicable, a description of the risk management
techniques utilized by the Advisor/underlying managers to attempt to mitigate such risks. For a more
comprehensive listing of risk factors relating to an investment in a particular Fund, please refer to the offering
documentation for such Fund.
Fund Management Risks
Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act. With the passage of the Dodd-Frank Wall
Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (“Dodd-Frank”) in the United States, there has been extensive
rulemaking and regulatory changes that will affect private fund managers, the funds that they manage and
the financial industry as a whole. Under Dodd-Frank, the SEC has mandated new reporting requirements and is
expected to mandate new recordkeeping requirements for investment advisers, which are expected to add
costs to the legal, operations and compliance obligations of the Advisor and the Funds and increase the amount
of time that the Advisor spends on non-investment related activities. Until the SEC implements all of the new
requirements of Dodd-Frank, it is unknown how burdensome such requirements will be. Dodd-Frank will affect a
broad range of market participants with whom the Funds interact or may interact, including commercial banks,
investment banks, other non-bank financial institutions, rating agencies, mortgage brokers, credit unions,
insurance companies and broker-dealers. Regulatory changes that will affect other market participants are
likely to change the way in which the Advisor conducts business with its counterparties. It may take some time
to understand the impact of Dodd-Frank on the financial industry as a whole, and therefore, such continued
uncertainty may make markets more volatile, and it may be more difficult to execute the investment strategies
of the Fund. The current administration has expressed an intention to repeal or amend Dodd-Frank. It is unclear
whether any of such changes will be implemented or what form the proposed changes will take.
Business, legal, tax and other regulatory risks. Legal, tax, and regulatory changes, as well as judicial
decisions, could adversely affect the Fund, the Advisor, and/or the investment strategies used to implement a
Fund’s trading program. The regulatory environment for private investment funds continues to evolve, and
changes in the regulation of private investment funds may adversely affect the value of a Fund’s investments
and the ability of a Fund to implement its investment strategy. The financial services industry generally and the
activities of private investment funds and their investment advisers, in particular, have been the subject of
increasing legislative and regulatory scrutiny. Such scrutiny may increase legal, compliance, administrative and
other related burdens and costs as well as regulatory oversight or involvement in a Fund and/or the Advisor or
result in ambiguity or conflict among legal or regulatory schemes applicable to a Fund, or the Advisor. In
addition, securities and futures markets are subject to extensive statutes, regulations and margin requirements.
Various U.S. federal and state regulators, including the SEC, the CFTC, self-regulatory organizations and
exchanges, are authorized to take extraordinary actions in the event of market emergencies. Alternative US or
non-US rules or legislation regulating a Fund or the Advisor may be adopted, and the possible scope of any rules
or legislation is unknown. There can be no assurances that a Fund or the Advisor will not in the future be subject
to regulatory review or discipline. The effects of any regulatory changes or developments on a Fund may affect
the manner in which it is managed and may be substantial and adverse.
A.) Fund of Hedge Funds Risks
Market (beta) Risk. The Funds’ primary mission is to build a portfolio of managers within a range of non-correlated
investment strategies that the Advisor regards as likely to provide favorable investment opportunities in most
economic environments. Notwithstanding this goal, there is a risk that a manager’s performance will be more
closely correlated with the broader markets than was anticipated. Different measuring techniques are
employed to monitor market correlations and manager correlations, and stress tests are performed relating to
potential changes in market conditions on a regular basis in order to assist in limiting the Funds’ exposure to
market (beta) risk. The Funds’ managers perform their own analyses of market exposure and risk and utilize
market risk evaluation tools, which vary from manager to manager but incorporate measuring/monitoring risks
by asset class, strategy, geographic region and industry sector, as appropriate. Within the Advisor’s due
diligence questionnaire are extensive questions related to how the manager measures and monitors risk, and
members of the Advisor’s operational due diligence team follow-up whenever meeting with managers to
determine if they have made any changes to their processes or systems.
Liquidity Risk. The Advisor maintains a schedule of the liquidity provisions for each of the underlying portfolios
(including notification dates) and the start dates of the Funds’ investments as well as redemption dates. The
Funds’ managers also have systems which track the amounts of potential investor redemptions. Many of these
managers have funding capabilities from their prime brokers and/or financial institutions for a certain
percentage of the fund’s capital (usually 10-15%). Unlike a single hedge fund investment, the Funds are able to
redeem from several invested hedge funds simultaneously to meet redemption requests which minimize the
potential adverse impact on any single manager. Nevertheless, there is a risk that due to market conditions,
one or more underlying managers may be unable to honor a redemption request and will, as a result, impose a
gate or suspend redemptions, or take other actions which limit the ability of a Fund to obtain the cash required
to fund redemptions. In order to obtain access to a reliable source of working capital, particular Funds may
have secured a line of credit, intended to serve as a prudent means of assuring a source of working capital for
temporary and emergency purposes, such as funding investments in advance of receiving redemption
proceeds from underlying managers, to meet unanticipated or large-scale redemption requests and to fund
managers in anticipation of impending capital contributions.
Uncertainty as to the Value of Certain Portfolio Investments. Investments into investment vehicles are valued on
the basis of the most recent confirmed price or valuation provided by the relevant manager or administrator, or
if unavailable, the estimated price or valuation provided by the relevant manager or administrator. Certain of
the investments held by underlying funds will take the form of securities, loans or other assets that are not publicly
traded or are illiquid. The fair value of such investments may not be readily determinable and will require the
exercise of some measure of discretion in arriving at a valuation. Underlying managers or independent third
parties generally will value these investments at fair value, including to reflect significant events affecting the
value of investments.
Where assets of a Fund are invested either partly or wholly through subsidiary companies or in segregated
portfolios, the above policy also applies for the valuation of the investments held by those subsidiary companies
or segregated portfolios.
Because such valuations, and particularly valuations of private securities and private companies, are inherently
uncertain, they may fluctuate over short periods of time and may be based on estimates, models or the value
of other securities believed to be comparable, all of which require the exercise of judgment by the party
establishing value. In those circumstances in which the valuation is performed by the manager, the manager
faces a conflict in establishing value because the valuations have an impact on the fees received by the
manager. Even in those circumstances in which a third party establishes the valuation, the conflict may be
eliminated, but the valuation may not necessarily be a more accurate reflection of the securities’ fair value.
Determinations of fair value may differ materially from the values that would have been used if a ready market
for these loans and securities existed. Moreover, the actual price at which a security is sold (or could be sold)
may differ from the value used by the underlying investment vehicle for purposes of striking the vehicle’s net
asset value. As a result, an investor redeeming from a Fund prior to realization of such an investment may not
participate in the ultimate gains or losses therefrom and Net Asset Value could be adversely affected if
determinations regarding the fair value of investments were materially higher than the values that are ultimately
realized upon the disposal of such loans and securities.
Operational Risk. Inherent in a fund of funds’ structure is the operational risk that the policies and procedures of
underlying managers may not be followed or, even if followed, may not adequately mitigate a particular risk.
The Advisor’s operational due diligence team conducts due diligence and regularly monitors the operational
infrastructure of managers. However, due diligence is not foolproof and there can be no assurance that the
Advisor’s due diligence will be sufficient to ensure that all internal controls are being followed and that a
fraudulent scheme devised by an underlying manager will be detected.
Valuation Risk. The Funds will have limited or no ability to assess the accuracy of valuations received from the
underlying managers. Many of the positions held by the underlying vehicles are not traded on an exchange or
organized market. In some cases, values are based on pricing models and will be subject to the judgment and
discretion of the underlying managers. No assurance can be given that such positions can be sold for the
amounts at which they are valued. Moreover, the underlying managers may receive performance-based
compensation with respect to such positions based upon unrealized gains. No assurance can be given that
such unrealized gains will ultimately be realized.
Access to Information from underlying managers. The Advisor requests information from each underlying
manager regarding the underlying manager’s historical performance and investment strategy. The Advisor also
requests detailed portfolio information on a continuing basis from each underlying manager retained on behalf
of a Fund. However, the Advisor may not always be provided with such information because certain of this
information may be considered proprietary information by the particular underlying manager. This lack of
access to information may make it more difficult for the Advisor to select, allocate among, and evaluate
underlying managers. In addition, the Funds do not control any of the underlying managers, their choice of
investments, or any other investment decisions. The investments of a Fund are made pursuant to written
disclosures from, and/or agreements with, any underlying manager that will provide, among other things,
guidelines by which the underlying manager will make its investment decisions. However, while each underlying
manager undertakes to follow specified investment programs, it is possible that an underlying manager could
deviate from such program, and such deviation could result in a loss of all or a part of a Fund’s investment.
Volatility. Volatility both for the Funds and their underlying managers is measured and monitored by members
of the Advisor’s investment team on a regular basis utilizing various volatility measurements such as standard
deviation and beta. However, at times, market conditions may introduce significant volatility to a Fund’s
performance.
Concentration Risk. This risk is assessed at the Fund level and on the underlying manager level within the analyses
of market risk. Exposure reports, position limits and sector analyses are all reviewed and assessed on a regular
basis.
Leverage. The Funds generally do not employ leverage. Depending on their investment strategy, underlying
managers employ leverage to varying degrees. On a monthly basis, the Advisor receives information regarding
managers’ gross long and gross short exposures. The use of leverage will magnify gains but will also magnify
losses. The expense paid on borrowings will erode the income and gains generated by leveraged positions. If
asset values decline, a manager may be forced to unwind and liquidate leveraged positions at an inopportune
time.
Credit Risk. On the Fund level, there is no credit risk exposure to significant counterparty risk. The Funds do not
extend or receive credit from any counterparty. Underlying managers measure and monitor credit risk in many
ways. Often, they limit their exposure to any one counterparty, they receive copies of their counterparties’
annual financial statements and review these to assess creditworthiness and, where appropriate, they arrange
collateral agreements with counterparties.
B.) Blue Ocean Funds Risks
In addition to the general risk factors set forth in Item 8, investors should be aware of the following risk factors,
which are specific to the Blue Ocean Funds. Please refer to the offering documents of the Blue Ocean Funds
for more details regarding these risk factors.
Risks Related to Investment Activities. The Blue Ocean Funds may be subject to certain investment risks such as
risks associated with senior secured loans, mezzanine debt, leasing of commercial cargo vessels and private
debt securities that may be below-investment grade. Among other things, these risks may include the reliance
on the Advisor to adequately diligence and monitor borrowers (which are often private companies) in the
maritime industry, the potential impact of bankruptcy/insolvency of borrowers, and the typically illiquid nature
of the loans and other investments made by the Blue Ocean Funds. In addition, the Blue Ocean Funds may also
make select equity investments, which may not appreciate in value prior to disposition.
Maritime Industry Risks. The maritime industry is subject to various risks, each of which could have a material,
adverse effect on the Blue Ocean Funds’ investments, including, without limitation: events such as marine
disasters, bad weather, mechanical failures, structural failures, human error, war, terrorism, piracy and other
circumstances or events; compliance with various laws and regulations, including federal, state and local laws
and regulations affecting the marine transportation industry, all of which are subject to amendment or changes
in interpretation; requirements to obtain and maintain permits, licenses and certificates and perform routine
inspections, monitoring, recordkeeping and reporting with respect to vessels and operation; and global trade
agreements, tariffs and subsidies that adversely affect the flow of import and export tonnage and the demand
for marine transportation services. If the maritime industry continues to experience dislocation, the Blue Ocean
Funds’ ability to achieve their investment objectives may be adversely affected.
Additional Shipping Industry Risks. The Blue Ocean Funds will have a limited number of investments, all of which
will be in the maritime industry, primarily in shipping companies and offshore oil services companies. As a result,
the Blue Ocean Funds will be particularly vulnerable to economic conditions in the shipping industry, including
declines in export/import volumes, strikes, increases in fuel costs, uninsured casualties and the difficulties
associated with enforcing liens on liquidating collateral in foreign jurisdictions. The Blue Ocean Funds may make
loans to special purpose vehicles that own one or more vessels where the borrower’s revenues are limited to
income derived from such vessels. If the vessels are not deployed for a period of time, or if revenues fall, the
borrower may not have sufficient income to pay operational expenses or to service the debt.
C.) Market and Investment Risks
Credit Default Swaps. Certain underlying portfolios may enter into credit default swap agreements. The “buyer”
in a credit default swap contract is obligated to pay the “seller” a periodic stream of payments over the term
of the contract provided that no event of default on an underlying reference obligation has occurred (a “credit
event”), in return for a contingent payment upon the occurrence of a credit event with respect to the underlying
reference obligation. Generally, a credit event means bankruptcy, failure to pay, obligation acceleration or
modification or restructuring.
An underlying portfolio may be either the buyer or the seller in the transaction. As a seller, the underlying portfolio
receives a fixed rate of income throughout the term of the contract, which typically is between one month and
five years, provided that no credit event occurs. If a credit event occurs, the underlying portfolio, as a seller,
typically must pay the contingent payment to the buyer, which is typically the “par value” (full notional value)
of the reference obligation. The contingent payment may be either a cash settlement or physical delivery of
the reference obligation in return for payment of the face amount of the obligation. If an underlying portfolio is
a buyer and no credit event occurs, the portfolio will lose its investment and recover nothing. However, if a credit
event occurs, the underlying portfolio, as buyer, will receive the full notional value of the reference obligation
that may have little or no value.
Credit default swap agreements may involve greater risks than those associated with a direct investment by the
underlying portfolio in the reference obligation. Credit default swap agreements are subject to general market
risk, liquidity risk and credit risk. As noted above, if an underlying portfolio is a buyer and no credit event occurs,
it will lose its investment. In addition, the value of the reference obligation received by an underlying portfolio as
a seller if a credit event occurs, coupled with the periodic payments previously received, may be less than the
full notional value paid to the buyer, resulting in a loss of value to such underlying portfolio and the Fund.
Short Selling. Certain of the underlying managers engage in short selling or selling securities they do not own.
While short selling may be used for risk management or hedging purposes, as well as to create profit
opportunities, there is substantial risk to this strategy because the manager may be required to cover its short
positions (the purchase of the securities to replace those borrowed and delivered on sale) involuntarily or
otherwise and there is no limitation on the potential upward movement of the purchase price. Short selling can
also involve significant borrowing and other costs which can reduce the profit or create losses in particular
positions.
Options and Other Derivatives. One or more of the underlying managers may invest for speculative and/or risk
management purposes in options, financial futures and/or other derivative instruments (collectively,
“Derivatives”). The amount of leverage and volatility on Derivatives and, therefore, potential for gain and risk
of loss, may be substantially greater than that of the underlying asset. Derivatives may also be more volatile
and less regulated than traditional debt and equity securities.
Options trading entails an entirely distinct set of risks. Options positions may include both long positions, where
the underlying portfolio is the holder of put (an option to sell a security at a specified price) or call (an option to
buy a security at a specified price) options, as well as short positions, where the underlying portfolio is the seller
(“writer”) of an option. Although option techniques can increase investment return, they can also involve a
relatively higher level of risk. The expiration of unexercised long option positions effectively results in the loss of
the entire cost or premium paid for the option. The writing or selling of an uncovered put or call option can
involve, similar to short selling, a theoretically unlimited risk of an increase in the cost of selling or purchasing the
underlying securities in the event of exercise of the option.
Hedging Limitations. Although the Advisor may seek one or more managers who employ various hedging
techniques, the extent and effectiveness of such hedging strategies may vary substantially. Moreover, not all
managers retained by the Advisor will necessarily employ fully hedged or “market-neutral” strategies. Most
hedging techniques of managers will be directed primarily toward general market risks or certain issuer risks.
Typically, there are numerous investment risks which will not be hedged or necessarily capable of being hedged
as a practical matter. To the extent unhedged, investment positions of managers will, in general, be fully
exposed to market and investment risks. Hedging techniques have a variety of limitations. Hedging against a
decline in the value of a portfolio position by selling short, for example, does not eliminate fluctuations in the
values of portfolio positions or prevent losses if the values of such positions decline, but establishes other positions
designed to gain from those same developments, thus moderating the decline in the overall portfolio positions’
value. Hedging through market index options may only protect against an overall market downturn, as
compared with price declines in specific securities.
Hedge transactions generally also limit the opportunity for gain if the value of the portfolio position should
increase, due to the hedging cost or price decline in the hedging position. For a variety of reasons, a manager
may not seek or be able to establish a sufficiently accurate correlation between hedging instruments and the
portfolio holdings being hedged. Such imperfect correlation may prevent an underlying portfolio from
achieving the intended hedge or may expose the Funds to risk of loss. Such losses can include losses on the
hedged position, and could be substantial. There can be no assurance, therefore, that investment positions of
underlying portfolios will be significantly hedged against investment risks or that such hedging strategies, if any,
will in fact prove successful.
Futures and Options on Futures. One or more of the underlying managers may invest in certain futures contracts,
including stock index futures contracts, futures contracts on government securities, interest rates, foreign
currencies, metals and energy products, and may trade options on such futures contracts, including purchasing
call options, writing (selling) naked or covered call options and purchasing or selling put options on such futures
contracts. The underlying managers may also purchase or sell options on securities and securities indices. In
addition, they may enter into forward contracts, currency transactions and various swap and swap-like
arrangements.
Futures contracts markets are highly volatile and are influenced by a variety of factors, including national and
international political and economic developments. In addition, because of the low margin deposits normally
required in futures trading, a high degree of leverage is typical of a futures trading account. As a result, a
relatively small price movement in a futures contract may result in substantial losses to the underlying portfolio.
Moreover, futures positions are marked to market each day and variation margin payment must be paid to or
by the underlying portfolio.
Prior to exercise or expiration, a futures or option position can be terminated only by entering into an offsetting
transaction. This requires a liquid secondary market on the exchange on which the original position was
established. If a liquid secondary market does not exist for such futures or options, it might not be possible for
the underlying portfolio to liquidate a position. No assurance can be given that an active market will exist for
the contracts at any particular time. Certain futures exchanges do not permit trading in particular futures
contracts at prices that represent a fluctuation in price during a single day's trading beyond certain set limits. If
prices fluctuate during a single day's trading beyond those limits, the underlying manager could be prevented
from promptly liquidating unfavorable positions and thus be subjected to substantial losses. In addition, the
CFTC and various exchanges impose speculative position limits on the number of positions a person or group
may hold or control in particular commodities.
Unlike trading on domestic futures exchanges, trading on foreign futures exchanges is not regulated by the CFTC
and may be subject to greater risks than trading on domestic exchanges. For example, some foreign exchanges
are principal markets so that no common clearing facility exists and a trader may look only to the broker for
performance of the contract. In addition, unless the underlying portfolio hedges against fluctuations in the
exchange rate between the U.S. dollar and the currencies in which trading is done on foreign exchanges, any
profits that the underlying portfolio might realize in trading could be eliminated by adverse changes in the
exchange rate, or the underlying portfolio could incur losses as a result of those changes.
Use of other derivative instruments presents many of the same risks as those discussed above regarding futures
contracts, including those risks relating to volatility, liquidity, hedging and foreign trading.
Event Driven Investing. The Funds utilize managers that employ various investment strategies. The ability of a
manager to obtain a profit from these investment strategies may often depend upon factors that are intrinsic to
the particular issuer, rather than the market as a whole. Appreciation in the value of such securities may be
contingent upon the occurrence of certain events, such as a successful reorganization or merger. If the
expected event does not occur, the underlying portfolio may incur a loss on the position.
Purchases of Securities and other Obligations of Financially Distressed Companies. Underlying portfolios may
purchase securities and other obligations of companies that are experiencing significant financial or business
distress, including companies involved in bankruptcy, or other reorganization and liquidation proceedings.
Acquired investments may include senior or subordinated debt securities, bank loans, promissory notes and
other evidences of indebtedness, as well as payables to trade creditors. Although such purchases may result in
significant returns to the Fund, they involve a substantial degree of risk and may not show any return for a
considerable period of time. In fact, many of these securities and investments ordinarily remain unpaid while the
company is in bankruptcy and may not ultimately be paid unless and until the company reorganizes and/or
emerges from bankruptcy proceedings. As a result, such securities may have to be held for an extended period
of time. The level of analytical sophistication, both financial and legal, necessary for successful investment in
companies experiencing significant business and financial distress is high. There is no assurance that the nature
and magnitude of the various factors that could affect the prospects for a successful reorganization or similar
action will be correctly evaluated.
Activist Strategy Risks. The underlying portfolios in which the Funds invest may invest a material portion of their
capital in publicly traded equity and debt securities of companies that the applicable underlying manager
believes are undervalued by the marketplace and are likely to appreciate, including as a result of a change in
ownership, corporate direction or management, or as a result of operational improvements. In making such
investment, the applicable underlying portfolio may act alone or together with one or more other investors or
investment managers acting as a group. In order to implement any actions deemed necessary to maximize
value, the underlying manager, or other members of the investing group, may work with the management team
of the target company to design an alternate strategic plan and assist them in its execution and may secure
the appointment of persons selected by the underlying manager or other members of the group to the
company’s management team or board of directors. If necessary, the underlying manager either alone or as
part of a group, may also initiate shareholder actions (including those that may be opposed by company
management) seeking to maximize value. Such shareholder actions may include, among other things, re-
orienting management’s operational focus, initiating the sale of the company (or one or more of its divisions) to
a third party, or an acquisition by the underlying portfolio or other members of the investing group. Such an
acquisition may be accomplished either by the underlying portfolio (or the members of the investing group)
acting alone, or acting in conjunction with management through a leveraged buyout. In order to accomplish
the foregoing, the Fund, either alone or together with other members of a group, may acquire a “control”
position in the company’s securities.
This activist investment strategy may require, among other things: (i) that the underlying manager properly
identify portfolio companies whose securities prices can be improved through corporate and/or strategic
action; (ii) that the underlying portfolio acquire sufficient securities of such portfolio companies at a sufficiently
attractive price; (iii) that the underlying portfolio avoid triggering anti-takeover and regulatory obstacles while
aggregating its position; (iv) that management of portfolio companies and other security holders respond
positively to the underlying manager’s proposals; and (v) that the market price of a portfolio company’s
securities increases in response to any actions taken by portfolio companies. There can be no assurance that
any of the foregoing will occur.
Corporate governance strategies may prove ineffective for a variety of reasons, including: (i) opposition by the
management or shareholders of the subject company, which may result in litigation and may erode, rather than
increase, shareholder value; (ii) intervention of a governmental agency; (iii) efforts by the subject company to
pursue a “defensive” strategy, including a merger with, or a friendly tender offer by, a company other than the
offeror; (iv) market conditions resulting in material changes in securities prices; (v) the presence of corporate
governance mechanisms such as staggered boards, poison pills and classes of stock with increased voting rights;
and (vi) the necessity for compliance with applicable securities laws. In addition, opponents of a proposed
corporate governance change may seek to involve regulatory agencies in investigating the transaction or the
underlying portfolio and such regulatory agencies may independently investigate the participants in a
transaction as to compliance with securities or other law. Furthermore, successful execution of a corporate
governance strategy may depend on the active cooperation of shareholders and others with an interest in the
subject company. Some shareholders may have interests which diverge significantly from those of the
applicable underlying portfolio, and some of those parties may be indifferent to the proposed changes.
Moreover, securities that the underlying manager believes are fundamentally undervalued or incorrectly valued
may not ultimately be valued in the capital markets at prices and/or within the timeframe the underlying
manager anticipates, even if a corporate governance strategy is successfully implemented. Even if the prices
for a portfolio company’s securities have increased, no guarantee can be made that there will be sufficient
liquidity in the markets to allow the applicable underlying portfolio to dispose of all or any of its holdings therein
or to realize any increase in the price of such securities.
The Advisor may, on behalf of a Fund, pursue an activist investment strategy as a direct investment and initiate
or pursue any of the actions or strategies set forth above.
Foreign Securities. Underlying managers may invest in non-U.S. companies where the protections afforded by
the laws of the U.S. do not apply. The Funds are subject to various risks inherent in investing in foreign companies,
including fluctuations in currency exchange rates, exchange controls, expropriation, burdensome or
confiscatory taxation, moratoria, or political or economic events, all of which could have an adverse effect on
the Funds’ ability to generate gains. As the Funds determine their gains or losses in U.S. dollars (other than certain
Funds), they will be subject to the risk of fluctuations in currency exchange rates between the local currency
and dollars and to foreign exchange controls. There can be no assurance that the Funds would not incur losses
as a result of adverse changes in currency exchange rates and foreign exchange controls. The Funds are
unable to predict the nature of future exchange controls. The imposition of significant increases in the level of
exchange controls or other restrictions could have an adverse effect on the Funds.
Mortgage-Backed Securities. Price movements of residential and commercial mortgage-backed securities are
influenced by, among other things, interest rates, housing price changes, unemployment, wage growth,
availability and cost of credit, complexity of the assets and their associated legal documentation, loan level
performance data, structuring models, and performance models, counterparty risk including, but not limited to,
mortgage originators, mortgage servicers, mortgage insurance providers, and bond insurers, supply and
demand in the housing market, changing supply and demand relationships for these assets, level of available
leverage for these assets, trade, fiscal, monetary, regulatory and exchange control programs and policies of
governments, and national and international political and economic events and policies. In addition,
governments from time to time intervene, directly and by regulation, in the mortgage origination and RMBS
markets. Such intervention often is intended directly to influence prices and may, together with other factors,
materially impact asset prices in unpredictable ways or in a direction harmful to the performance of the Funds.
Small and Medium Capitalization Companies. Certain managers may invest in the securities of companies with
small- to medium-sized capitalizations. While the securities of such companies often provide significant potential
for appreciation, smaller-capitalization securities involve higher risks in some respects than investments in the
securities of larger companies. For example, prices of small-capitalization and even medium-capitalization
securities are often more volatile than prices of large-capitalization securities, and the risk of bankruptcy or
insolvency of many smaller companies (with the attendant losses to investors) is higher than that for larger, “blue-
chip” companies. In addition, due to thin trading in some small-capitalization securities, an investment in such
securities may be relatively illiquid.
Illiquid Portfolio Securities. To the extent that underlying managers invest in private securities or restricted
securities, the valuation of such securities will be determined by the applicable manager, whose determination,
despite the conflict to which the manager is subject when establishing such values, will be final and conclusive
as to all parties. The value established may not reflect accurately the amount that could be realized if the
securities were sold. Due to the lack of an established trading market it could take a significant amount of time
to find a buyer or buyers for such securities, and such sale may be at a significant discount to the perceived
value of the security.
Uncertainty relating to the LIBOR Calculation Process. On July 27, 2017, the United Kingdom’s Financial Conduct
Authority, which regulates LIBOR, announced that it intends to phase out LIBOR by the end of 2021. It is unclear
if at that time whether or not LIBOR will cease to exist or if new methods of calculating LIBOR will be established
such that it continues to exist after 2021. The U.S. Federal Reserve, in conjunction with the Alternative Reference
Rates Committee, a steering committee comprised of large U.S. financial institutions, is considering replacing
U.S. dollar LIBOR with a new index calculated by short-term repurchase agreements, backed by Treasury
securities. The future of LIBOR at this time is uncertain. Potential changes, or uncertainty related to such potential
changes, may adversely affect the market for LIBOR-based securities, including any Fund’s portfolio of LIBOR-
indexed and floating-rate debt securities. In addition, changes or reforms to the determination or supervision of
LIBOR may result in a sudden or prolonged increase or decrease in reported LIBOR, which could have an adverse
impact on the market for LIBOR-based securities, including the value of the LIBOR-indexed and floating-rate
debt securities in the Funds. Additionally, if LIBOR ceases to exist, a Fund may need to renegotiate the credit
agreements extending beyond 2021 with its portfolio companies that utilize LIBOR as a factor in determining the
interest rate and certain of its existing credit facilities to replace LIBOR with the new standard that is established.
Risks of Concentration of Investments. While the Advisor will seek to diversify the assets of the Fund, there is a risk
inherent in the fund of hedge funds approach that the Funds will inadvertently have excess concentration and
therefore excess exposure to a particular issuer, security, industry sector or geographic region. Additionally,
underlying portfolios, particularly co-investments, may be relatively concentrated as to investments. Limitations
as to strategy, amount of capital or analytical resources can lead to significant concentration practices by a
particular manager. Concentration of investments in a limited number of issuers or securities, industries or industry
groups, or countries or regions, particularly in the context of event-related investing, can increase investment
risk and portfolio volatility. Accordingly, the Funds’ assets may be subject to greater risk of loss than if they were
more widely diversified, and the failure or poor performance of any one manager could have a material
adverse effect on the Fund. Oversight of positions of underlying managers is conducted on an ongoing and
real-time basis by research analysts and the operational due diligence team, although even such oversight
cannot be a guarantee against investment losses.
Collateralized Debt Obligations. Underlying portfolios may invest in collateralized debt obligations (including
without limitation collateralized loan obligations (“CLO”) and collateralized bond obligations
(“CBO”)(collectively, “CDOs”). CDOs may be fixed pools or may be “market value” or managed pools of
collateral which entitle the holders thereof to receive payments that depend primarily on the cash flow from the
pool of assets, which may include commercial loans, high yield and investment grade debt, Structured Securities
(as defined below) and derivative instruments relating to debt. Holders of CDOs bear various risks, including,
among other risks, credit risk, liquidity risk, interest rate risk, market risk, operations risk, structural risk and legal risk.
The debt securities issued by CDOs are typically separated into tranches representing different degrees of credit
quality, with lower rated tranches of debt securities being subordinate to senior tranches. The senior tranches of
debt securities of CDOs, which represent the highest credit quality in the pool, have the greatest collateralization
and pay the lowest spreads over LIBOR. Lower rated CDO tranches represent lower degrees of credit quality
and pay higher spreads over LIBOR to compensate for the attendant risks. The bottom tranches specifically
receive the residual interest payments (i.e., money that is left over after the higher tiers have been paid) rather
than a fixed interest rate. The returns on the junior tranches of CDOs are especially sensitive to the rate of defaults
in the collateral pool.
Structured Securities Generally. Underlying portfolios may invest in interests in securitization vehicles organized
and operated solely for the purpose of restructuring the investment characteristics of other debt securities,
mortgage-backed securities, CDOs, etc. (collectively, “Structured Securities”). This type of restructuring
generally involves the deposit with or purchase by an entity, such as a corporation or trust, of specified
instruments and the issuance by that entity of one or more classes of securities backed by, or representing
interests in, the underlying instruments. The cash flow on the underlying instruments may be apportioned among
the newly issued security to create securities with different investment characteristics such as varying maturities,
payment priorities and interest rate provisions, and the extent of the payments made with respect to such
securities is dependent on the extent of the cash flow on the underlying instruments. Certain classes of such
securities may be subordinated to the right of payment of another class. Subordinated structured investments
typically have higher yields and present greater risks than unsubordinated structured investments.
Many Structured Securities are highly complex instruments and may be sensitive to changes in interest rates,
prepayment rates or both. There is no guarantee that a liquid market will exist for any Structured Securities that
an underlying portfolio may wish to sell.
D.) Structural and Operational Risks Other Clients of Managers; Performance May Vary from Period to Period. Underlying managers generally make
trading decisions on behalf of the underlying portfolios in which the Funds invest. These managers may also
manage other accounts (including other funds and accounts in which the managers may have an interest)
which, together with the Funds could increase the level of competition for the same trades, including the
priorities of order entry. This could make it difficult to take or liquidate a position in a particular security.
The managers and their principals may employ different trading methods, policies and strategies for different
funds or accounts. Therefore, performance results for the Funds may differ from those of the other accounts
traded by the same managers. As the funds under management by a particular manager increase, the
manager may have increasing difficulty implementing an investment strategy which may have been successful
in the past, or difficulty finding sufficient investment opportunities which are attractive. Alternatively, a manager
who has been successful may limit the amount of capital it is willing to manage and may decline to accept an
additional investment from the Funds.
There can be no assurances that a manager’s future results will be similar to his or her past performance.
Moreover, even where a manager has achieved excellent results over an extended period, because of cyclical
movements and volatility, period to period
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EnTrust Global is a global organization with affiliates regulated by the SEC, FINRA, the U.S. Commodity Futures
Trading Commission (“CFTC”), the National Futures Association (“NFA”), the U.K. Financial Conduct Authority
(“FCA”), the Hong Kong Securities & Futures Commission, the Korean Financial Supervisory Commission, the
French Authorité des Marchés Financiers, and the Securities Commission of the Bahamas.
The Advisor and its affiliates are indirectly owned 35% by Gregg S. Hymowitz and 65% owned by Legg Mason,
Inc., a New York Stock Exchange listed corporation (NYSE: LM). Legg Mason’s affiliates include investment
advisers, broker dealers, commodity pool operators, futures commission merchants, banks and sponsors or
syndicators of limited partnerships.
As a large asset management firm, EnTrust Global, from time to time, provides information to various government
agencies and regulators in response to information requests, document requests, subpoenas, or requests for
interviews from various government agencies and regulators.
EnTrust Global Partners LLC (formerly EnTrust Partners LLC) (“Partners”) is a Delaware limited liability company
and an investment adviser also registered with the SEC. Partners is under common control with the Advisor.
Partners may provide discretionary investment advisory services as general partner to domestic private
investment funds of hedge funds and investment vehicles making direct investments and may provide
discretionary or non-discretionary advisory services in offering customized strategic alternative solutions through
a multi-strategy platform or otherwise. The domestic funds, all Delaware limited partnerships offered to taxable
institutions and eligible high net worth individuals, invest in a diversified mix of hedge funds and securities, as
applicable, and are managed according to the objectives and policies described in their respective offering
documents. Partners also serves as the general partner to certain Cayman Islands limited partnerships and
limited partnership master funds. The feeder funds in these master-feeder structures are Cayman Islands
corporations managed by Partners’ investment advisory affiliate. Partners may manage other funds in the future
with investment strategies that may or may not be similar to that of the Funds, including but not limited to funds
registered under the Investment Company of 1940, as amended. Domestic funds managed by Partners are
generally the domestic counterpart funds to the offshore funds managed by the Advisor that pursue the same
investment strategy. Clients of Partners may be solicited to invest in the Funds.
EnTrust Global Securities LLC (formerly EnTrustPermal Securities LLC) (“Securities”) is registered with the SEC as a
broker-dealer and is a member firm of FINRA and SIPC. The business purpose of the Broker-Dealer is set forth
under “Conflicts of Interest” (Item 8) above. Bruce Kahne, the General Counsel/CCO of the Advisor, is also the
General Counsel/CCO of the Broker-Dealer. The Broker-Dealer is under common control with the Advisor.
EnTrust Global Ltd. (formerly EnTrustPermal Ltd.)(“EGL”) is regulated by the UK FCA as a full service Alternative
Investment Fund Manager (“AIFM”), holds an Australian Wholesale Client Exemption, and is authorized by the
Central Bank of Ireland to serve as investment manager to Irish domiciled funds. EGL acts as investment
manager to certain offshore products where the Advisor is the sub-advisor. EGL may provide discretionary
investment advisory services as investment manager to offshore private investment funds and may provide
discretionary or non-discretionary advisory services in offering customized strategic alternative solutions through
a multi-strategy fund of hedge funds platform or otherwise. EGL is also registered as a commodity pool operator
with the CFTC and is a member firm of the NFA. While none of the funds engage in the direct trading of
commodities or futures, the underlying portfolios may use such instruments for hedging or speculative purposes.
Historically, EGL delegated day-to-day discretionary management for certain of its clients, including the EnTrust
Global Funds, to the Advisor, which receives a percentage of EGL’s gross revenue with respect to these clients
as a fee for its services.
EnTrustPermal SAS (“SAS”) is regulated by the French Authorité des Marchés Financiers (AMF), including full AIFM
authorization. SAS may provide discretionary investment advisory services as investment manager to offshore
private investment funds and may provide discretionary or non-discretionary advisory services in offering
customized strategic alternative solutions through a multi-strategy fund of hedge funds platform or otherwise.
SAS is under common control with the Advisor.
EnTrustPermal Singapore is operating as a division of Legg Mason Asset Management Singapore Pte. Ltd.
EnTrustPermal Singapore provides regional business development support and is under common control with
the Advisor.
EnTrustPermal (Hong Kong) Ltd is regulated by the Securities & Futures Commission of Hong Kong and provides
regional business development support and is under common control with the Advisor. EnTrustPermal (Hong
Kong) Ltd. is in the process of liquidating.
SaintCo Ltd., a Bahamian corporation regulated by the Securities Commission of the Bahamas and a subsidiary
of EnTrust Global, provides directorship services for a fee to certain private investment funds in which certain
investment vehicles managed by EnTrust Global invest and for which the Advisor serves as portfolio monitor.
These portfolio monitoring services, for which the Advisor is reimbursed for certain expenses, are provided in
connection with our Permal Managed Account platform in which the investment vehicles are managed by
unaffiliated third-party managers.
In addition to responsibilities with respect to the management and investment activities of any particular Fund
or account, senior management will have similar responsibilities with respect to various other existing and future
pooled investment vehicles and separately managed accounts and will devote such time to the business of the
Funds as is deemed necessary. However, additional clients or other business responsibilities at the firm may have
the effect of reducing the time devoted to the investment activities of any particular Fund.
Refer to Item 8 – Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies and Risk of Loss and Item 11 – Code of Ethics for a
further discussion on potential conflicts of interest.
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The Advisor recognizes that, as a fiduciary, it must serve the interests of its clients. The Advisor further recognizes
that it must adhere to the highest standard of care and diligence in conducting its business activities and must
be particularly sensitive to situations in which the interests of its advisory clients may be directly or indirectly in
conflict with those of the Advisor. Compliance obligations are a priority of the Advisor and, as such, the Advisor
has adopted written policies and procedures in accordance with those standards.
In addition, the Advisor has adopted a Code of Ethics intended to limit or mitigate potential conflicts of interest
arising from ownership of securities by the Advisor’s employees that may also be purchased or sold for advisory
clients (either directly or through an underlying portfolio). The Code of Ethics may generally be summarized as
a “no trading” policy, although it also contains guidelines and reflects expectations regarding business
entertainment, gifts and the standard of conduct required of employees.
The Code of Ethics is based on the notion that the Advisor’s employees must act in the best interests of advisory
clients and should avoid engaging in business activities, including making personal investments, that create or
appear to create a conflict of interest, and is intended to prevent and detect such conflicts or potential conflicts
of interest. The Code of Ethics generally prohibits employees of the Advisor from purchasing or selling securities
on a discretionary basis for their own accounts, including all securities accounts in their own name and under
their control or management. This does not include accounts that hold exclusively mutual funds, exchange-
traded funds or notes or government securities or other accounts over which the employee has no direct or
indirect investment discretion. On a quarterly basis, employees submit to the CCO or his designee “no trading”
statements to confirm that they are in compliance with the policy. In addition, employees are required to
complete periodic reports listing their brokerage accounts and provide links to such accounts that hold any
“reportable” securities. The CCO or his designee reviews such reports and information on a periodic basis. The
CCO may also grant exceptions to the Code of Ethics and take appropriate corrective action with respect to
any violations of the Code of Ethics.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Advisor believes that it is important that employees invest in securities that
the Advisor purchases for clients and, therefore, align their interests with and share in the same investment risks
and benefits as clients. Accordingly, the Advisor permits eligible employees to invest in any of its Funds.
Copies of the Code of Ethics are available upon request by contacting Bruce Kahne, General Counsel/CCO
(tel. 212.224.5548).
The Advisor may determine that it would be in the best interests of one Fund and one or more other Funds to
transfer an investment from one account to another (each such transfer, a “Cross Trade”) for a variety of
reasons, including, without limitation, tax purposes, liquidity purposes, to rebalance the portfolios of the Funds,
or to reduce transaction costs that may arise in an open market transaction. If the Advisor decides to engage
in a Cross-Trade, the Advisor will determine that the trade is in the best interests of both Funds involved and take
steps to ensure that the transaction is permitted under all applicable laws and regulations and is consistent with
the Advisor’s fiduciary duties.
In addition, the Advisor and its employees may invest personally in certain outside business activities alongside
clients with whom the Advisor or its employees have long-standing personal and business relationships (“Joint
Investments”). This could create potential conflicts of interest including, among others, the risk that the Advisor
may favor such investors relative to other investors. The CCO or his designee reviews in advance any potential
Joint Investments to identify any potential conflicts of interest.
For any such Joint Investments, the Advisor and its employees: (i) may not earn a fee or be otherwise
compensated with respect to such investment; (ii) must invest in the Joint Investment on the same terms as other
investors; and (iii) may not have an active, day-to-day management role with respect to such investments. In
addition, the CCO or his designee periodically monitors the accounts of such clients to ensure that they do not
receive favorable treatment relative to other investors regarding the payment of fees and redemptions.
In an effort to avoid any potential conflicts of interest, employees of the Advisor are prohibited from using their
position at the Advisor to give to or receive from any person or company that does business with the Advisor or
that the employee hopes to do business with on behalf of the Advisor, including prospective investors, their
consultants or representatives, a gift, favor, special accommodation or similar item of value, so frequently or of
such high value as to raise a question of impropriety. Gifts and business entertainment must be consistent with
customary business practices and employees are instructed that care should be taken that the entertainment
or gift does not appear to be intended to unduly influence the recipient in the exercise of his or her judgment
and discretion. The Advisor maintains a suite at Madison Square Garden, the purpose of which is to help
establish and maintain business relationships with prospective and existing investors, investment consultants or
other representatives. From time to time, where the Advisor has long-standing business and personal
relationships, tickets to sporting events, concerts or other forms of business entertainment may be provided to
such persons. Unused tickets generally are made available to the Advisor’s employees, donated to charity or
sold. The CCO or his designee will periodically review these arrangements to determine whether any potential
conflicts of interests are presented or whether a change in this policy is warranted.
The Advisor does not permit employees to make political contributions, although the CCO has the ability to
grant exceptions to this policy.
The Advisor also has a policy prohibiting the use of social media for business purposes.
In addition to the policies described above, the Advisor has adopted and implemented written policies and
procedures designed to prevent the misuse of material nonpublic information by the Advisor or persons
associated with the Advisor (pursuant to Section 204A of the Advisers Act), as well as the intentional spreading
of misinformation or rumors intended to influence the market price of a security. The Advisor’s Insider Trading
Policy explains the concepts of an “insider” and “material, nonpublic information,” contains procedures for
employees to evaluate the types of information received and requires employees immediately, and prior to
affecting any trade or communicating such information, to notify the CCO.
The Advisor’s policies and procedures regarding the making of political contributions, social media, and insider
trading, among others, are reinforced in training sessions and by the execution of quarterly employee
certifications confirming compliance with such policies and procedures.
Violations of the Advisor’s Code of Ethics or other policies and procedures may be addressed by various
corrective measures. The nature of the corrective action will depend on the severity of the violation committed,
in the judgment of the CCO, senior management, the Compliance and Conflicts Committee and, as
appropriate, outside counsel. Factors to be considered in determining the appropriate corrective action may
include, but not be limited to, whether investors were harmed, whether the violation was intentional, whether
the incident was isolated or part of a pattern, and recidivism on the part of the employee.
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In providing investment advisory services to the Funds, the Advisor generally does not select broker-dealers to
execute securities transactions. Broker-dealers are selected by the underlying managers. For funds that may
make direct investments in securities (e.g., the 1940 Act Registered Fund), the Advisor will select broker-dealers.
In addition, for certain funds, the Advisor may occasionally trade in:
Underlying funds that are closed to new investors but available for purchase on the secondary
market;
Closed-ended funds listed on a securities exchange;
ETFs; and
US or foreign listed and private securities.
The CCO or his designee will periodically evaluate the nature and amount of such direct trading to determine
the additional compliance obligations to be conducted regarding the necessary monitoring and oversight. To
fulfill any applicable “best execution” obligation, the Advisor generally must execute securities transactions in
such a manner that the clients’ total cost or proceeds in each transaction is the most favorable under the
circumstances. In deciding what constitutes best execution, the determinative factor is not the lowest possible
commission cost but whether the transaction represents the best qualitative execution. In seeking best
execution, the Advisor will take into account such relevant factors as price of the security, commission rate, the
broker’s facilities, reliability and financial responsibility, confidentiality, the ability of the broker to handle
execution of aggregated or volume orders and research and other services provided by such broker to the
Advisor. In no event will the Advisor utilize its affiliated broker-dealer to effect a trade for a client account. For
certain funds, trade execution and best execution obligations may be outsourced to a third party.
Additionally, on occasion, the Funds or certain third-party clients may receive securities in lieu of or as part of a
distribution or liquidation of an underlying fund or special purpose fund.
Soft Dollars
The Advisor’s current policy is not to use commissions generated by trading for client accounts to pay for third
party research services.
Brokerage for Client Referrals
The Advisor does not use brokerage relationships for client referrals. However, the Advisor does have distribution
relationships and placement agreements with broker-dealers as further discussed in Item 14 – Client Referrals
and Other Compensation.
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Review and Monitoring of Underlying Managers
Mr. Hymowitz and the Advisor’s investment analysts monitor positions of underlying managers on a regular basis
and contact managers frequently to discuss, among other things, strategy developments, market outlook and
current thinking. Meetings are held periodically with managers as appropriate.
One of the Advisor’s key investment criteria is transparency, and the Advisor’s investment team has established
relationships with underlying managers such that there is ongoing communication concerning specific
investment ideas, their market views/opinions and business issues in order to gain a better sense of their outlook
regarding the general investment environment. The Advisor requires managers to comply, at a minimum, with
regular, basic exposure requirements that portray an accurate snapshot of the portfolio. The Advisor receives
performance updates from all underlying managers on a monthly basis with most providing information more
frequently. Additionally, the Advisor generally (although not in all cases) receives exposure reports, risk
management reports, and a listing of the largest positions, both long and short and, where available, full position
reports. The investment team reviews and analyzes this data and, in instances where there are divergences
from customary trading, unusual position sizes, or types of securities, members of the investment team will speak
with the underlying managers to understand the underlying reasons for them. The effects of any divergences
are monitored closely and members of the investment team remain in direct contact with the managers.
In addition, the Advisor takes a proactive approach to risk management and, through the use of proprietary
software and a dedicated operational due diligence team, has instituted extensive risk management
procedures which pervade all aspects of the initial and ongoing due diligence process as it relates to the
selection and monitoring of underlying managers. The Advisor has developed a proprietary analytical risk
monitoring system (“ARMS”) which monitors risk on both the individual manager level as well as the fund of funds
level.
The investment team employs this proprietary analytical software, which measures 18 different risk metrics
including factors such as Skewness, Kurtosis, Tail Risk and the Omega Ratio, in addition to more traditional factors
such as Sharpe Ratio, VaR and Downside Deviation of various strategies and managers. Model portfolios of
managers and strategies are constructed within varying parameters, and these model portfolios are measured
for correlations, risk and performance. The models built within ARMS are then employed to analyze how the
prospective fund would optimally impact the relevant portfolio vis-à-vis correlation, volatility and performance.
The Advisor also ranks each of the underlying managers against their peers.
Investor Communications
The Advisor strives to provide investors with a high level of transparency by generally providing a variety of
communications on a timely basis. A summary of these communications (depending on the particular Fund, the
timing and frequency of reports may vary) is set forth below:
Monthly Performance Update - On a monthly basis, clients receive a preliminary performance summary. NAV Statement - Additionally, the independent administrator(s) for the Funds sends out a NAV statement once a month. The administrator’s statement includes the value of the Shares and account balance at month-end.
Annual Summit - An Annual Summit meeting is generally held each year to give investors a chance to personally interact with the underlying managers. The Annual Summit gives underlying managers and other thought
leaders the opportunity to present new ideas and have in depth discussions on current market opportunities.
Monthly Investor Conference Call - To further enhance communication, the Advisor conducts monthly conference calls with investors. The calls consist of brief overviews of the broader markets as well as strategy-
specific updates for the month. Calls are led by Mr. Hymowitz or another member of the Investment team. In
addition to a review of the Funds, each call profiles one of the Funds’ underlying managers. The featured
manager reviews his/her portfolio and discusses the opportunity set for his/her respective investment
strategy. Each call is recorded and is available for playback on our password protected client portal for a
period of time after the call.
Monthly Performance Summary - On a monthly basis, clients receive a written performance summary, which details performance and portfolio exposure information, including attribution analysis, underlying manager
allocations and strategy exposures.
Market Developments Summaries – The Advisor provides clients with a written summary of newsworthy market developments as they occur and invites clients to ask questions concerning such developments. Such
summaries were provided, for example, regarding newsworthy events concerning Lehman Brothers, Bear
Stearns and Goldman Sachs.
Website - The Advisor also makes available to Fund investors and distributors certain information on a, password protected portion of its website (www.entrustglobal.com). This information generally includes: Funds’
monthly balances and monthly performance of the Funds and underlying investments, monthly fund updates
and the like.
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As noted in response to Item 8 above, the sole business purpose of the Broker-Dealer is to introduce
prospective investors to the investment funds/accounts managed by the Advisor and its affiliates. Employees
of the Broker-Dealer may be compensated under a variety of compensation arrangements, which may
involve base compensation and/or a bonus or a percentage of the fee attributable to investors they refer to
a particular Fund. Any such compensation is paid by the Broker-Dealer and not the Funds. The business
development activities of the Broker-Dealer are overseen by Jill Daschle, the Broker-Dealer’s Chief Executive
Officer. It is important that any prospective investor in the Funds consider the nature of the referral or
recommendation to the Advisor and its affiliates in determining whether to make an investment.
In addition, the Advisor has arrangements with third-party placement agents where the Advisor may
compensate such agents for referring prospective investors to the Funds. Any such compensation is paid by
the Advisor and not the Funds, the amount of which is negotiated by the Advisor. All such arrangements are
memorialized in a written agreement subject to the prior review and approval of the CCO or his designee
and in compliance with relevant anti-fraud requirements.
The Advisor also has agreements in place with certain banks/financial intermediaries for the distribution of
Funds domiciled outside the US to clients (predominantly non-US) of such banks/financial intermediaries. This
forms part of the Advisor’s global fund distribution network of hundreds of distributors worldwide. Any
compensation paid by the Advisor to these financial intermediaries is generally paid by the Advisor out of the
investment management fee it receives from the Funds.
The Advisor has also engaged third-party solicitors to market its services and such solicitors may receive a fee
based on the average net asset value of a referred client’s account. Any such arrangement is disclosed to
the relevant client. The Advisor pays the solicitors’ fees directly and the client is not subject to any increased
or additional fees nor will the use of a solicitor, if any, be a factor in fee negotiations.
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The Advisor may be deemed to have custody of client assets as a result of serving as investment manager or
general partner of the Funds. The Advisor generally complies with the custody requirements of the Advisers
Act by providing GAAP compliant audited financial statements for the Funds to their respective clients within
the required time period following the end of the fiscal year. Additionally, SAS 99 requires auditors to plan and
perform their audit to obtain reasonable assurances about whether the financial statements are free of
material misstatements, whether caused by error or fraud. Investors in the Funds receive account statements
directly from the independent administrator for those Funds. Investors should carefully review all account
statements they receive.
Assets of these Funds are custodied with an independent third-party custodian by registering the ownership
of each underlying portfolio in which these Funds invest with the custodian for the benefit of these Funds.
The Advisor may also be deemed to have custody of some or all the assets of clients if one or more of the
following apply:
the Advisor or an affiliate serves as managing member for client portfolios organized as an LLC;
employees of the Advisor or an affiliate serve on the Board of Directors for client portfolios organized
as corporate entities;
clients are invested in special purpose funds; or
employees of the Advisor or its affiliates are authorized to move cash to pay expenses or open
accounts on behalf of the clients.
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The Advisor and its affiliates exercise investment discretion in managing the Funds. This authority is established
through the investment management agreement between the Fund and the Advisor. In exercising discretion,
the Advisor will observe the investment policies, limitations and restrictions imposed by the relevant Fund. In the
case of a separately managed account, discretionary authority is set forth in the managed account
agreement, which the client may limit as set forth in that agreement.
Under certain circumstances, the Advisor may only provide non-discretionary or advisory services to a client.
The Advisor’s authority to invest on behalf of US registered investment companies may be limited by certain US
federal securities and tax laws that require diversification of investments and consideration of sources of income
and favor the long term holding of investments.
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In providing investment advisory services to the Funds, the Advisor generally does not vote proxies with respect
to the securities held by the underlying portfolios. Proxies are typically voted by underlying managers in
accordance with their proxy voting policies. From time to time, the Advisor may receive requests for consent
from underlying managers with respect to the underlying portfolios managed by such managers in which the
Funds invest. All such requests are evaluated by the General Counsel or his designee, and outside counsel
will be consulted as necessary, with respect to whether providing such consent: (i) is in the best interest of the
Fund; and (ii) raises any potential conflict of interest with respect to the Advisor’s/Fund’s relationship with such
underlying manager or portfolio. At all times, the Advisor will be guided by a determination based on the best
interest of the Funds.
With respect to Funds that make direct investments in securities and the Blue Ocean Funds, as applicable, the
Advisor may vote proxies. The Advisor may elect to not vote on routine, non-contested matters. These Proxy
Voting Policies and Procedures are designed to ensure that proxies are voted in an appropriate manner and
should complement the Advisor’s investment policies and procedures regarding its general responsibility to
monitor the performance of the Funds’ underlying managers.
The Advisor will view proposals as being in the best interests of the Fund and generally will vote in favor of
proposals that:
maintain or strengthen the shared interests of Fund investors and management of the underlying
portfolio;
increase shareholder value;
maintain or increase shareholder influence over the underlying portfolio’s board of directors and
management;
maintain or increase the rights of shareholders generally; and
allow the underlying manager to take advantage of investment opportunities believed to be
attractive.
Votes generally will be cast against proposals having the opposite effect, or proposals that increase fees,
restrict liquidity or increase risk in an inappropriate or unacceptable manner.
The Advisor will abstain from voting proxies when the Advisor believes it is appropriate.
In exercising its voting discretion, the Advisor shall identify and avoid any direct or indirect conflict of interest
raised by such voting decision and will resolve such conflicts before voting. Such conflicts of interest may result
from any personal or business relationship between the Advisor, its employees or affiliates, and the underlying
manager. In such circumstances, prior to voting, the Advisor will present the matter to the Advisor’s
Compliance and Conflicts Committee for a determination. If the conflict is not material, the Committee may
determine the manner in which the proxy is voted. In the case of a material conflict, the Committee may
direct the Advisor to submit the matter to the Fund’s investors for a determination. If the investors consent or
fail to respond within a reasonable time, the Advisor will vote the proxy as described above. If a majority of
investors object to the Advisor’s proposed vote response, the proxy will be voted according to the investors’
direction.
Alternatively, the Advisor may, in lieu of pass-through voting, elect to vote the interests held by the Fund in the
same manner as other investors (i.e., in the same proportion as the “yes” and “no” votes provided by other
investors in the underlying portfolios).
In all cases, the Advisor will evaluate the facts and circumstances specific to the Funds before deciding
whether and how to vote.
As applicable, in voting proxies issued by US registered investment companies, the Advisor has previously
delegated to Institutional Shareholder Services (“ISS”), an independent service provider, the administration
of proxy voting. ISS, a Delaware corporation, provides proxy-voting services to many asset managers on a
global basis. Specifically, ISS has assisted the Advisor in the proxy voting and corporate governance oversight
process by developing and updating the “ISS Proxy Voting Guidelines,” and by providing research and
analysis, recommendations regarding votes, operational implementation, and recordkeeping and reporting
services. When the ISS Proxy Voting Guidelines do not cover a specific proxy issue and ISS does not provide a
recommendation: (i) ISS will notify the Advisor; and (ii) the Advisor will use its best judgment in voting proxies
on behalf of the Funds.
The Advisor will evaluate its proxy voting policy on an ongoing basis to determine whether any policy change
is warranted.
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The Advisor is not aware of any financial condition reasonably likely to impair its ability to meet contractual
commitments to clients and has not been the subject of any bankruptcy petition.
Item 19. Requirements for State-Registered Advisers This section is not applicable to the Advisor.
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