Coller Investment Management Limited (“CIM”), a Guernsey limited company, was established in 1995 to
act as the general partner of a partnership formed to undertake a secondary purchase of a portfolio of
private equity assets. Since then, CIM has acted as the ultimate general partner of a number of funds (the
“Client Funds”) formed primarily to pursue privately negotiated investments in the secondary market
worldwide.
In a typical Client Fund structure, the general partner of the Client Fund is a limited partnership formed to act
as general partner of the Client Fund (the “Fund GP”). CIM acts as the general partner of the Fund GPs and
through such entities indirectly acts as the ultimate general partner of each Client Fund. As ultimate general
partner, CIM has authority to manage the business and affairs of the Client Funds.
Management of Client Funds
CIM manages each Client Fund in accordance with the particular investment objectives and restrictions
set forth in such Client Fund’s confidential private placement memorandum, limited partnership
agreement and other governing documents (collectively the “Governing Documents”). CIM’s advisory
services for each Client Fund are detailed in the applicable Governing Documents. CIM’s only clients are
the Client Funds and CIM neither enters into advisory contracts nor offers investment management or
advisory services to individuals or institutions that may be investors in the Client Funds. Accordingly, any
reference in this Brochure to “clients” is always a reference to a Client Fund.
Investors in Client Funds participate in the overall investment program for the applicable Client Fund but
may be excused from particular investments due to legal, regulatory or other applicable constraints. The
Client Funds or Fund GPs may enter into side letters or similar agreements with some investors that
have the effect of establishing rights under, or altering or supplementing, a Client Fund’s Governing
Documents. Investors generally are not permitted to withdraw or redeem interests in the Client Funds.
Co-investments
From time to time, a Fund GP may provide some investors, including strategic partners, and third parties
with opportunities (including through participation in co-investment vehicles) to co-invest in selected
investments alongside a Client Fund.
While CIM and its affiliates have developed a framework for strategic partnerships and co-investments,
each Fund GP retains sole discretion with respect to offering any co-investments pertaining to the
related Client Fund, including the selection of co-investors, and has no obligation to offer any such
opportunities to any particular investors, or at all. Potential participants in co-investment opportunities
may be selected as strategic partners, based on the relevant Fund GP’s determination that their
participation would have the potential to result in a superior investment outcome and thereby provide
benefits to the related Client Fund. Relevant selection criteria may include
a potential co-investor’s skills or knowledge regarding specific underlying assets, a relevant
industry sector, geography or jurisdiction, a transaction structure or a transaction counterparty,
a potential co-investor’s ability to invest an amount of capital that fits the needs of the investment
or investments in question, (taking into account the amount of capital needed as well as the
maximum number of co-investors that can realistically participate), or
a potential co-investor’s ability to commit to an opportunity within the required timeframe.
A Fund GP may also take into account whether a potential co-investor has expressed an interest in
evaluating co-investment opportunities, the terms of any potential co-investor’s side letter with the Fund
GP, or other factors from time to time considered appropriate by the Fund GP in its sole discretion,
which factors may or may not be relevant to the investment or investments in question. A Fund GP may,
however, decide to offer co-investments for other reasons too, for example, where it believes that one
or more co-investments alongside the related Client Fund are necessary or appropriate to ensure that the
risk appetite and investing capacity of the Client Fund, taking into account portfolio construction,
covenant compliance and other relevant considerations, are not exceeded in connection with a particular
investment. Transaction-specific returns, and an investor’s overall returns from its indirect exposure to
any investment, may be affected significantly by the extent to which such Investor is offered and
chooses to participate in any co-investment opportunity.
Co-investments typically involve investment at the same time and on the same terms as the Client Fund
making the investment, subject to any exceptions set forth in the Governing Documents of the Client
Fund. Alternatively, from time to time, for strategic, structuring or other reasons, a co-investor may
purchase a portion of an investment from a Client Fund. Any such purchase will typically occur shortly
after the Client Fund’s completion of the investment to avoid any changes in valuation, and the co-
investor may be charged interest on the purchase price to compensate the Client Fund for the holding
period. In general, any co- investor will not invest in or through any vehicle managed by CIM or any of its
affiliates, but will invest, directly or through one or more investment vehicles, in underlying third-party
funds or companies. As such, a co-investor will bear its own transaction and other costs associated with
its investment and will not share in fees, costs, expenses or liabilities (including, among other things, any
broken deal expenses) incurred by CIM or any of its affiliates on behalf of the relevant Client Fund unless
such sharing is specifically agreed.
CIM does not aggregate the performance of co-investments with that of any of its current Client Funds,
including for purposes of determining CIM’s fees or carried interest.
Regulatory status and permissions
CIM is licensed and regulated by the Guernsey Financial Services Commission (the “GFSC”). While CIM
is also registered with the SEC as an investment adviser, it is not required to comply with many of the
substantive requirements under the U.S. Investment Advisers Act of 1940 (“Advisers Act”) because it
has its principal office and place of business outside of the United States and is deemed to have no
direct advisory clients in the United States. Generally, CIM is only required to comply with specified
recordkeeping requirements and CIM is not required to provide a brochure to its non-US clients.
Although not required to provide this Brochure, CIM has prepared this Brochure to provide information
that may be of interest to existing and potential investors.
CIM has retained Coller Capital Limited (“CCL”), an English limited company, to serve as its investment
adviser in relation to the Client Funds. CCL is authorized and regulated by the United Kingdom Financial
Conduct Authority (the “FCA”). For Advisers Act purposes, CCL is an exempt reporting adviser; that is, it
relies on the private fund adviser exemption from registration but files reports on an annual basis with
the SEC. Pursuant to its authorization by the FCA, CCL is permitted to advise on, and arrange deals in,
specified types of investments. CCL is not authorized to manage investments and does not have
discretionary authority over any client assets. Discretionary authority over all client assets rests solely
with CIM.
CCL receives non-discretionary sub-advisory services from its wholly owned subsidiary, Coller Capital,
Inc. (“CCI”), a New York corporation. CCI is registered with the SEC as an investment adviser. CCL is a
“participating affiliate” of CCI as that term has been used by the SEC’s Division of Investment
Management.
Both CIM and CCL are subsidiaries of CICAP Limited. The ultimate principal owner of both CIM and CCL
is Jeremy Coller.
As of March 31, 2019, CIM had $14.9693 billion in discretionary assets under management.
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CIM receives fees to cover the investment management, management, administrative, and supervisory
services it provides to the Client Funds. These fees are established in negotiations with the investors in
each Client Fund. Fees are generally
based on a percentage of committed or invested capital of the Client Fund, and
payable throughout the life of the Client Fund (except that in extension periods, fees may be less or
may cease to be payable).
The Fund GPs generally cause fees to be paid by or on behalf of the corresponding Client Funds, by
requiring investors in the Client Funds to make capital contributions,
withholding funds from investment proceeds that would otherwise be distributable to investors, or
causing the Client Funds to borrow money.
As a general matter, fees are payable by each Client Fund to the relevant Fund GP in advance. If fees are
assessed in advance and are more than the Fund GP is entitled to receive pursuant to the Governing
Documents (for example, where management charges have been prepaid for a period in which a step-down
in fee rates occurs), then any excess is repaid to the relevant Client Fund. The management and other fees,
as well as the method of calculation and application, are detailed in the Governing Documents for each
Client Fund.
Transaction and other fees
The Fund GPs, CIM and their affiliates are generally entitled to collect fees related to Client Fund
portfolio transactions or other services provided to funds or companies in which Client Funds are
invested (including any arrangement fee, success fee, underwriting or syndication fee, closing fee,
commitment fee, financial advisory fee, break-up or other termination fee in respect of a Client Fund’s
actual or prospective investment in a fund or company and any monitoring fee, director’s fee, consulting
fee or other similar fee in respect of the Client Fund’s ongoing investment in a fund or company). No
such fees have historically been collected, and any such fees would be offset, in whole or in part (as set
forth in the relevant Governing Documents), against other fees payable by the Client Fund to the related
Fund GP. The Fund GPs, CIM and their affiliates do, however, have discretion over whether to seek
compensation through such fees, and if so, the rate, timing and amount of such compensation.
Reimbursements for out-of-pocket expenses directly related to a fund or company in which a Client Fund
is invested may be paid to the related Fund GP, CIM or their affiliates in addition to advisory fees.
Organizational and operating expenses of Client Funds
Depending on the applicable Governing Documents, each Client Fund will typically bear all offering and
organizational expenses relating to its establishment and the offering of interests in the Client Fund,
including out- of-pocket costs and expenses of any placement agents, up to a specified maximum
amount (together with any value-added or other applicable taxes on such expenses, “Fund Organizational
Expenses”). To the extent that Fund Organizational Expenses exceed this amount, they will be for the
account of the relevant Fund GP. Fees charged by any placement agents will be for the account of the
relevant Fund GP and not the Client Fund.
Additionally, in accordance with the applicable Governing Documents, Client Funds will typically bear all
fees, costs and expenses relating to their administration, management and business, including their
investment related activities (together with any value-added or other applicable taxes on such fees, costs
and expenses, “Fund Operating Expenses”). Subject to the terms of the Governing Documents, Fund
Operating Expenses generally will include
break-up costs and travel costs,
fees, costs, expenses and liabilities related to the establishment of intermediate holding vehicles,
fees, costs, expenses and liabilities in respect of the administration, operation, termination,
liquidation, dissolution and winding up of the Client Funds or of intermediate holding vehicles,
fees, costs and expenses of professional and other advisers (such as legal, tax and other advisers,
consultants, or finders) and service providers (such as accountants, administrators, auditors,
depositaries, custodians, valuers, or providers of software or information services),
fees, costs, expenses and liabilities incurred in connection with any borrowings, other
indebtedness or undertakings, or hedging transactions,
fees, costs, expenses and liabilities incurred in connection with the operation of accounts,
fees, costs, expenses and liabilities incurred in complying with disclosure, reporting and other
similar obligations under the Governing Documents,
fees, costs, expenses and liabilities incurred in connection with any investor or advisory committee
meetings,
costs of any professional bond, any directors’ and officers’ liability, professional indemnity, or any
other insurance and indemnification or extraordinary fees, costs, expenses and liabilities relating to
the affairs of the Client Funds,
taxes, fees and other governmental charges imposed against the Client Funds and fees, costs,
expenses and liabilities incurred in connection with tax proceedings involving the Client Funds,
including the filing of tax returns and tax refund claims or in connection with any tax audit,
investigation, settlement or review of the Client Funds,
fees, costs, expenses and liabilities incurred in relation to ongoing legal, tax and regulatory
compliance in relation to the Client Funds or their activities,
fees, costs, expenses and liabilities incurred in connection with any litigation or other proceedings
or investigations involving or relating to the Client Funds and the amount of any judgment or
settlement entered, and
fees, costs, expenses and liabilities incurred in connection with the collection of amounts due to
the Client Funds from any person.
Consultants whose fees, costs or expenses are borne by Client Funds, are third-party firms or individuals,
selected or approved by CIM but independent of CIM and its affiliates, to provide operational, analytical
or other advice or services (including by acting as members of governing bodies or advisory boards) in
respect of one or more prospective or actual Client Fund investments or portfolios. Compensation of
consultants, which may include equity-linked interests in underlying investments or other performance-
based elements, is not subject to offsets against fees paid to CIM by or on behalf of the relevant Client
Funds. As such, consultants’ compensation may reduce the returns realized by Client Funds on the
investments in question. In some cases, consultants may co-invest side- by-side with a Client Fund in
one or more underlying portfolio funds or companies to which their advice or services relate. Some
consultants may, in addition to being engaged by CIM on behalf of Client Funds, provide advice or
services directly to underlying portfolio funds or companies, in which case they may also receive fixed or
incentive fees directly from those funds or companies.
Both Fund Organizational Expenses and Fund Operating Expenses may be advanced by the Fund GPs,
CIM or their affiliates and subsequently reimbursed by the Client Funds, either from investors’ capital
contributions, from investment proceeds withheld for this purpose, or from borrowed money.
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In addition to the fees and expenses described above, a Fund GP may receive a performance-based fee
(“carried interest”) from a Client Fund based on a share of capital gains on or capital appreciation of the
assets of such Client Fund. Carried interest is calculated as a percentage of the profits of the Client Fund,
which percentage may vary between Client Funds and the classes of interest issued by a Client Fund.
Carried interest is only paid to the extent that cumulative distributions have exceeded the sum of
contributed capital plus a minimum defined investor return. The Governing Documents for each Client Fund
set forth the terms under which carried interest is payable to the Fund GP.
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CIM’s clients are the private pooled investment vehicles constituting the Client Funds. The investors in the
Client Funds include corporate pension plans, public employee retirement plans, municipalities, sovereign
wealth funds, insurance companies, high net worth individuals, universities, foundations, and other U.S. and
non-U.S. institutional investors. Generally, the minimum capital commitment for an investor in a Client Fund
is $10 million, but this requirement can be waived by the relevant Fund GP on a case-by-case basis.
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Loss
Methods of Analysis and Investment Strategies
The investment objective of the Client Funds is generally to achieve long-term capital appreciation
primarily by investing, either directly or indirectly through other entities, in privately negotiated
investments in the secondaries market worldwide. Investments range from the purchase of single fund
partnership interests to the acquisition of portfolios of direct holdings in companies. CIM seeks to
achieve a Client Fund’s investment objective by constructing a well-diversified portfolio of investments.
The Client Funds’ portfolios are diversified by investment strategy, vintage year, manager, industry
sector and geography.
The detailed investment analysis for each investment undertaken by a Client Fund is performed by the
investment adviser, CCL, which in turn receives non-discretionary sub-advisory services from CCI in
respect of some investments. CCL and CCI apply an intensive “bottom-up” approach to their analysis of
potential secondaries investments and conduct
an operational, financial, and market risk analysis for relevant underlying portfolio companies,
a review of fund and, where relevant, portfolio company management,
an analysis of the impact of terms and conditions on net return, and
an assessment of liquidity prospects.
Risk of Loss
Private equity investment involves a substantial degree of risk and a significant risk of loss. Each Client
Fund has a significant risk of loss with respect to the investments held by it, and each investor in a Client
Fund has a corresponding risk of loss with respect to its investment in the Client Fund. Any investor or
potential investor in a Client Fund should be capable of evaluating the merits and risk of an investment in
a Client Fund and of bearing the risk of loss of the entire investment.
The Governing Documents for each Client Fund set forth the risks related to an investment in the Client
Fund in greater detail. Any investor or potential investor in a Client Fund should review the applicable
Governing Documents for a detailed discussion of risk factors and relevant terms.
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None of CIM or its management persons
is registered, or has an application pending to register, as a broker-dealer or a registered
representative of a broker-dealer, or
is registered, or has an application pending to register, as a futures commission merchant, commodity
pool operator, a commodity trading advisor, or an associated person of the foregoing entities.
As described in greater detail above (see Item 4, Advisory Business), CIM is affiliated with
CCL, an investment adviser that files reports as an exempt reporting adviser and serves as CIM’s
investment advisor in relation to the Client Funds, and
CCI, an investment adviser registered with the SEC that provides non-discretionary sub-advisory
services to CCL.
Conflicts of interests
Fund GPs, CIM, CCL, and CCI may have conflicts of interests with respect to particular Client Funds, or
Client Funds generally. Any such conflicts, whether potential or actual, that have been identified by CIM
or its affiliates to date, are described in the following paragraphs. They are managed by CIM and its
affiliates in accordance with a written conflict of interests policy and procedures.
CIM’s other activities, modification of duties
CIM and its affiliates engage in a broad range of activities. They are free to provide investment advice or
other services to any person, notwithstanding any actual or potential conflict with any duties they may
have to, or the interests of, any Client Fund. In the ordinary course of CIM’s and its affiliates’ conducting
their activities, there will likely be circumstances and occasions when the interests of a particular Client
Fund will conflict with those of CIM, its affiliates, or one or more other Client Funds.
The Governing Documents of Client Funds or other investment vehicles often contain provisions that,
subject to applicable law,
modify the fiduciary or other duties and obligations of CIM or its affiliates to a Client Fund or other
investment vehicles,
provide that a task of a Client Fund’s advisory committee is to resolve any actual or potential
conflicts of interests between the Client Fund, on the one hand, and CIM or its affiliates, on the
other hand, and
waive, or consent to, conduct on the part of CIM or its affiliates that might not otherwise be
permitted (including certain conflicts between a Client Fund, on the one hand, and CIM or its
affiliates, on the other).
Carried interest
The rights of Fund GPs to receive carried interest, which will be distributed by a Fund GP to affiliates of
CIM (or such affiliates’ employees or owners) upon receipt from the relevant Client Fund, may create an
incentive for CIM to make riskier or more speculative investments, or to incur more or less leverage, on
behalf of the Client Fund than would be the case in the absence of such performance-based fee
arrangement. Additionally, expected or current payments in respect of carried interest by some, but not
all, Client Funds or payments at different percentage rates may create incentives for CIM to
disproportionately allocate time, services, or functions to those Client Funds making payments in respect
of carried interest or making such payments at higher percentage rates. However, the commitment of
capital to the Client Funds by Fund GPs may mitigate any of the aforementioned incentives.
In limited circumstances, a Fund GP’s valuations of funds or companies in which the related Client Fund
is invested may have an impact on the amount of carried interest payable by the Client Fund. By way of
example,
distributions in specie may be made to investors in a Client Fund at a value which is determined by
the relevant Fund GP, and
if such investors were to vote to remove the Fund GP and continue the Client Fund with a
replacement general partner, the carried interest payable by the Client Fund to the Fund GP would
be calculated based on the value of the unrealized investments, as determined by the Fund GP.
To the extent that any such valuations are incorrect, this may ultimately result in an overpayment or
underpayment of carried interest. The link between a Fund GP’s determinations regarding valuations and
the amount of carried interest it may receive in these circumstances creates a conflict of interests.
A Fund GP is typically entitled to a “catch-up” in respect of carried interest payable by the related Client
Fund, once investors have received their “preferred return”, to ensure that the Fund GP receives the
relevant percentage of all profits of the Client Fund. This may result in a period of time where all
distributions made by the Client Fund are made to the Fund GP and not to investors, which may create
an incentive for CIM to accelerate the disposition of one or more investments.
Fees and expenses
Investors in Client Funds generally bear their allocable shares of Fund Organizational Expenses and Fund
Operating Expenses. The amounts of such fees, costs, expenses, and liabilities are substantial and
reduce the returns realized by investors on their investments. Fund Operating Expenses borne by the
Client Funds include recurring or regular items, as well as extraordinary expenses, which may be hard to
budget or forecast. As a result, the amount of Fund Operating Expenses for any particular Client Fund or
time period may exceed expectations. In some circumstances, such expenses may also reduce the
amounts of capital available to be deployed by Client Funds in investments.
As described in more detail in Item 5 above and in the relevant Governing Documents, Fund
Organizational Expenses and Fund Operating Expenses encompass a broad range of categories.
Although Fund Organizational Expenses are separately categorized and typically subject to limits under
the relevant Governing Documents, Fund Operating Expenses may include costs that relate to
organizational matters, such as costs and expenses of administering side letters entered into with
investors (including the process of distributing and implementing applicable elections pursuant to a
“most-favored-nations” process).
CIM and its affiliates are regularly required to determine
how specified fees, costs, expenses or liabilities are to be allocated between one or more Client
Funds, on the one hand, and CIM and its affiliates, on the other,
how specified fees, costs, expenses or liabilities are to be allocated between or among multiple
Client Funds or the component partnerships or entities of a particular Client Fund, and
whether specified fees, costs, expenses or liabilities fall into the categories of Fund Organizational
Expenses or Fund Operating Expenses.
CIM and its affiliates make such determinations notwithstanding their interest in the outcome. They do
so in accordance with a written expense allocation policy that incorporates the principles and limitations
contained in the applicable Governing Documents.
Further, as also described in Item 5 above and in the relevant Governing Documents, the Fund GPs, CIM
and their affiliates are generally entitled to collect fees related to Client Fund portfolio transactions or
other services provided to funds or companies in which Client Funds are invested (including any
arrangement fee, success fee, underwriting or syndication fee, closing fee, commitment fee, financial
advisory fee, break-up or other termination fee in respect of a Client Fund’s actual or prospective
participation in a portfolio transaction and any monitoring fee, director’s fee, consulting fee or other
similar fee in respect of a Client Fund’s investment). No such fees have historically been collected, and
any such fees would be offset, in whole or in part (as set forth in the relevant Governing Documents),
against other fees payable by the Client Fund to the related Fund GP. The Fund GPs, CIM and their
affiliates do, however, typically have discretion over whether to seek compensation through such fees,
and if so, the rate, timing and amount of such compensation. Any such compensation would give rise to
a conflict of interests between the relevant Client Fund, on the one hand, and the related Fund GP, CIM
or the relevant affiliate, on the other hand. Reimbursements for out-of-pocket expenses directly related
to Client Fund investments may be paid the related Fund GP, CIM and their affiliates in addition to
advisory fees.
Transactions affecting or involving other Client Funds or involving investors
In some instances where a Client Fund invests in a fund or company in which another Client Fund is also
invested, or in a subsidiary or affiliate of, or an entity otherwise associated with, the fund or company in
question, conflicts of interests between the investing Client Fund, on the one hand, and other Client
Funds, on the other, may arise. For example, one Client Fund may have economic or business interests
or objectives that are inconsistent with those of the other Client Fund, or the other Client Fund may be in
a position to take (or block) action in a manner contrary to the first Client Fund’s interests or objectives.
There may also be situations in which CIM determines that a Client Fund should acquire investments
from another Client Fund or from persons that are investors in the same or any other Client Fund. In
those circumstances, there may be a conflict between the interests of the selling Client Fund or relevant
investor, on the one hand, and those of the acquiring Client Fund, on the other, in respect of the price
and other terms of the acquisition.
In addition, there may be situations in which one or more other Client Funds, or CIM or one of its
affiliates for its own account, acquire limited partner interests in a Client Fund. In those circumstances,
there may be a conflict between the interests of such other Client Funds, CIM or its relevant affiliate, on
the one hand, and those of existing investors in the Client Fund being acquired who may wish to acquire
the relevant limited partner interests in the Client Fund, or who may have different interests in respect of
their investment in the Client Fund than the acquiring Client Fund, CIM or its relevant affiliate.
Competition between Client Funds for investment opportunities
CIM and its affiliates regularly advise, manage and operate more than one Client Fund or other
investment vehicle with similar or overlapping investment objectives (although historically, CIM and its
affiliates have generally limited active investment activity to a single Client Fund at a time). In the limited
circumstances where the same investment opportunity inures to more than one Client Fund or other
investment vehicle, co-investments will be proposed to them in a manner permitted by the Client Funds’
Governing Documents and the constituent documents of the other investment vehicles, based on good
faith determinations by CIM or its relevant affiliate. Such determinations will take into account
considerations including the sourcing of the transaction, the nature of the investment focus of each
Client Fund or other investment vehicle, the relative amounts of capital available for investment, any
restrictions provided under the terms of the Governing Documents, and any other considerations
deemed relevant by CIM or its relevant affiliate in good faith. To the extent that investment periods
overlap, any Client Fund may co-invest alongside its successor fund as contemplated by the relevant
Governing Documents.
Similarly, conflicts may arise in connection with the management or disposition of underlying
investments in which two or more Client Funds have a direct or indirect interest. For example, it may be
that one Client Fund holds a different type of interest, or an interest at a different level of the capital
structure, to the interest held by another Client Fund (for example, if one Client Fund owns equity
securities and another Client Fund owns debt securities of the same issuer). In such circumstances, the
interests of the affected Client Funds may not be aligned.
Conflicted investments
CIM, acting in its sole discretion, may decide not to pursue a particular investment opportunity or
proceed with an investment on behalf of a Client Fund because of a conflict of interests, irrespective of
whether such conflict relates to the Client Fund in question, any other Client Fund or investment vehicle,
or to CIM, any of its affiliates or any of their associated individuals. Similarly, CIM or its affiliates may be
prevented from proceeding with an investment or taking another action on behalf of a Client Fund where
any of them are in possession of material non-public information, irrespective of whether such
information was acquired in connection with their services to the Client Fund or otherwise.
Under a Client Fund’s Governing Documents, CIM and its affiliates typically are not in breach of any
obligation or duty to the Client Fund or to investors, or liable for any loss incurred by the Client Fund or by
investors, notwithstanding any conflict with their duties to, or the interests of, the Client Fund, if CIM
decides
not to pursue an investment opportunity or proceed with an investment on behalf of the Client
Fund,
to effect, or participate in, any transaction on its own behalf, on behalf of its affiliates or its or their
associated individuals, or on behalf of any other person, or
to provide advice or other services to any person.
Similarly, CIM and its affiliates typically are under no duty or obligation to disclose to, or use for the
benefit of, a particular Client Fund any information in relation to any transaction in which CIM or any of its
affiliates, or any person to whom any of them owes a duty, has an interest.
Co-investments with investors and third parties
As described in more detail in Item 4 above and in the relevant Governing Documents, a Fund GP may
provide some investors, including strategic partners, and third parties with opportunities (including
through participation in co-investment vehicles) to co-invest in selected investments alongside a Client
Fund. In some situations, co-investment opportunities may reduce the size of investments that would
otherwise be available to the Client Fund. Moreover, in situations where an investment opportunity does
not proceed to completion, potential or prospective co-investors in respect of the opportunity may not be
required to bear any broken deal or similar costs which arise as a result of the aborted transaction, in
which case the relevant Client Fund will bear all such costs.
While CIM and its affiliates have developed a framework for strategic partnerships and co-investments,
the relevant Fund GP retains sole discretion with respect to offering any co-investments alongside a
Client Fund, including the selection of co-investors, and has no obligation to offer any such opportunities
to any particular investors, or at all. Potential participants in co-investment opportunities may be selected
as strategic partners, based on the relevant Fund GP’s determination that their participation would have
the potential to result in a superior investment outcome and thereby provide benefits to the related
Client Fund. A Fund GP may, however, decide to offer co-investments for other reasons, too, for
example where it believes that one or more co-investments alongside the related Client Fund are
necessary or appropriate to ensure that the risk appetite and investing capacity of the Client Fund, taking
into account portfolio construction, covenant compliance and other relevant considerations, are not
exceeded in connection with particular investments. Any Fund GP determinations in this regard are
inherently subjective and, as such, susceptible to conflicts of interests. Fund GPs and their affiliates may,
but are not required to, charge management charges, carried interest, or other fees to any co-investment
vehicles or to co-investors, and may make an investment, or otherwise participate, in any vehicle formed
to structure a co-investment in connection therewith. Fund GPs are under no obligation to account to
Client Funds for any such fees. To the extent that a Fund GP or one of its affiliates enters into any
arrangement pursuant to which it may receive management charges, carried interest or other fees in
relation to any co-investment opportunity, then the Fund GP may be incentivized to offer such co-
investment opportunity to potential co-investors who are prepared to bear such fees, in preference to
others, which may result in fewer co-investment opportunities being made available to other investors.
To the extent that fees in relation to any co-investment opportunity exceed corresponding fees payable
by the relevant Client Fund in respect of its corresponding investment, this may create an incentive for
the related Fund GP to offer additional co-investment opportunities.
Capital Calls and Use of Credit Facilities
CIM from time to time, causes Client Funds to utilize one or more credit facilities, among other things, to
make investments, to satisfy liabilities of Client Funds or to (directly or indirectly) return proceeds from
investments to investors. The collateral for these facilities may be, for example, one or more assets of
the relevant Client Fund or the unused capital commitments of investors in the Client Fund.
For administrative convenience, capital calls, including those used to pay interest under credit facilities or
other indebtedness of any Client Fund, may be “batched” together into larger, less frequent capital calls
or closings, with the Client Fund’s interim capital needs being satisfied by the Client Fund borrowing
money under such credit facilities. In particular, capital needs of a Client Fund during its fundraising
period may be met through such borrowings rather than capital calls. The interest expense and other
costs associated with credit facilities are expenses borne by the relevant Client Fund and, accordingly,
decrease net returns of the Client Fund, while the use of borrowings may also have the effect of
materially enhancing the net internal rate of return for investors in the Client Fund.
This performance-enhancing effect may create an incentive for CIM to increase the use of such facilities
by Client Funds, notwithstanding the associated risks. For example, any “batching” of capital calls
enabled by the use of capital call facilities may amplify the magnitude of any defaults by investors in
making capital contributions as and when required. To the extent that amounts outstanding under a
Client Fund’s credit facility are due upon demand by a lender, such a demand may be issued at an
inopportune time at which liquidity is generally constrained, potentially resulting in greater defaults by
investors in making capital contributions. Additionally, the existence of a credit facility may impair the
ability of an investor to transfer its interest in a Client Fund as a result of restrictions imposed on such
transfers by a lender relating to, among other things, the transferee’s creditworthiness or KYC status.
Interest on any borrowings under credit facilities may accrue at rates lower than the relevant Client
Funds’ “preferred return”, which typically does not accrue on such borrowings and will begin accruing
only when capital contributions to fund investments, or to repay borrowings used to fund investments,
are actually advanced by investors to the Client Funds. As a result, the use of credit facilities to finance
investments or to satisfy ongoing capital needs may reduce or eliminate the “preferred return” received
by investors and accelerate or increase distributions of carried interest to the relevant Fund GP. Under a
Client Fund’s Governing Documents, at certain times during the term of the Client Fund, management
charges payable to the related Fund GP or one of its affiliates will typically be calculated on the aggregate
amounts that have been invested, or committed for investment, which will include any borrowings used
to fund investments. As a result of such arrangements, CIM has an incentive to cause Client Funds to
utilize credit facilities in lieu of drawing down investor commitments.
To the extent that a Client Fund receives proceeds from investments, then the Client Fund may utilize
such proceeds to repay outstanding borrowings of the Client Fund, rather than distributing such
proceeds to investors and issuing a capital call to investors to repay such borrowings. CIM may choose
to do this either because of requirements under a credit facility or to free up debt capacity that can then
be used for additional investments or for other reasons.
Joint Ventures and similar arrangements
Client Funds may invest through newly established funds, joint ventures or similar arrangements
involving third parties or other entities. Where such arrangements involve complex entity structures or
dedicated governance or management arrangements, such as third-party management teams or senior
advisors for underlying funds or companies, they may involve significant costs, both at the outset and on
an ongoing basis, including separate compensation arrangements, which may provide for performance-
based compensation. Such costs will reduce the investment returns to the Client Funds, and while any
separate compensation arrangements are typically designed to achieve greater alignment of interests,
they may also lead to conflicts of interests between the third parties receiving compensation, on the one
hand, and Client Funds, on the other.
Investments by CIM, its affiliates or associated individuals
While CIM, its affiliates and associated individuals have not historically done so, both they and any
investment vehicles advised or managed by, or affiliated with, them, may co-invest in funds or
companies side-by-side with Client Funds. CIM, its affiliates, associated individuals, and any such
vehicles may also invest in opportunities that would otherwise inure to a Client Fund where the Client
Fund (or any of its component partnerships or entities) is unable to consummate an investment under
the terms of its Governing Documents or any other relevant document, or pursuant to any law,
regulation, rule, court or administrative order applicable to the Client Fund (or component partnership or
entity). All determinations in this regard will be made by CIM and its affiliates, notwithstanding their
potential interest in the outcome.
While CIM, its affiliates and their associated individuals generally may not, without the approval of the
relevant Client Fund’s advisory committee, make privately negotiated investments in funds or portfolios
of investments acquired in the secondary market, or in securities of funds or companies owned by the
Client Fund, the Governing Documents of the Client Fund may provide for specified exceptions from this
prohibition.
Selection of service providers
Advisers or other service providers (including accountants, administrators, paying agents, depositaries,
lenders, bankers, brokers, attorneys, consultants, and investment or commercial banking firms) to Fund
GPs, Client Funds, or funds or companies in which Client Funds are invested, affiliates of such service
providers, or investment funds or other entities associated with them, may also provide goods or
services to or have business, personal, financial or other relationships with CIM or any of its affiliates.
Such service providers, or their affiliates may be investors in one or more Client Funds, persons affiliated
or otherwise associated with CIM or any of its affiliates, sources of investment opportunities, or co-
investors with or counterparties to one or more Client Funds. These relationships may influence CIM and
its affiliates in deciding whether to select a particular provider to perform services for a Fund GP, Client
Fund or an underlying fund or company, the cost of which will generally be borne directly or indirectly by
the Client Fund rather than be offset against management charges payable to the Fund GP or its
affiliates. In some circumstances, service providers or their affiliates may charge different rates or have
different arrangements for services provided to CIM or any of its affiliates as compared to services
provided to a Fund GP, a Client Fund, or an underlying fund or company, including more favorable rates
or arrangements than those available to the latter.
Other transactions and roles of associated individuals
To the extent permitted by the Governing Documents of a Client Fund, individuals associated with CIM
or its affiliates may hold, directly or indirectly, controlling or minority interests in businesses, or in
affiliates of businesses, that provide goods or services to, or otherwise transact with, the Client Fund or
underlying funds or companies. Depending on the circumstances, it is possible that any such transaction
may not be subject to the prior approval of the Client Fund’s advisory committee, and the individual or
individuals in question may not be liable to account to the Client Fund for any profits arising from any
such transaction, provided in each case that such transaction is entered into on arm’s length terms.
CIM’s directors are Jeremy Coller, Peter Hutton, Cyril Joseph Mahon, Roger Alan Le Tissier, Chris
Legge, John Charlton Loveless, Andrew Thane Maden Hitchon and Paul McDonald. A list of other
directorships held by such individuals currently and within the last five years is available for inspection by
investors at CIM’s registered office. Jeremy Coller, Peter Hutton and Cyril Joseph Mahon are members
of Coller Capital’s senior management team, and as such regularly hold carried interest in respect of the
Client Funds.
Additionally, all of the directors may, and some of them do, commit capital to Client Funds through the
relevant Fund GP.
Relationships with underlying funds and companies
CIM, its affiliates and their associated individuals may have or develop relationships with funds or
companies, or managers or representatives of funds or companies, in which one or more Client Funds
have or may acquire direct or indirect interests. Such relationships may include
serving as a member of the board of directors, advisory committee or similar body of an underlying
fund or company,
seeking a buyer or equity investor on behalf of such fund or company, or
advising such fund or company as to appropriate candidates, other than the relevant Client Fund,
for an acquisition or investment.
Personnel
Personnel of CIM and its affiliates, including such entities’ directors and members of Coller Capital’s
investment team, will generally devote only a portion of their time to the provision of management or
advisory services to any particular Client Fund. Personnel will provide the time necessary for the proper
performance of CIM’s duties to each Client Fund, even though they are involved in other activities
independent of the Client Fund, including the affairs of other Client Funds.
Due to laws governing the disclosure of material non-public information or insider trading, and for other
reasons, the fact that some of the personnel of CIM or its affiliates who are involved in the provision of
management or advisory services to any particular Client Fund are also involved in or have knowledge of
investments of other Client Funds may prevent the Client Fund in question from making some
investments or divestments which it might otherwise make. Conflicts may also arise in the allocation of
management and personnel resources among Coller Capital's various activities.
CIM or any of its affiliates may from time to time hire short-term or long-term personnel (whether on a
regular basis, for internships, or otherwise) who are connected to or affiliated with a Client Fund investor,
a fund or company in which a Client Fund is invested, or a service provider. Decisions regarding such
hires may create conflicts of interests.
Side agreements
Fund GPs or their affiliates may enter into agreements or arrangements with particular investors with
respect to their investments in Client Funds, without the approval of any other investor. Such
agreements or arrangements may have the effect of establishing rights under or supplementing the
terms of the relevant Governing Documents or otherwise providing economic or other benefits in a
manner that is more favorable to those investors benefitting from them than to other investors. They
may include, among other things, fee arrangements with respect to a one or more specified investors,
excuse rights with respect to specified types of underlying fund or company investments (whose
exercise may increase the proportionate interests and contribution obligations of other investors in
respect of such investments), reporting and disclosure obligations of Fund GPs or their affiliates, waivers
of specified confidentiality obligations, withdrawal or related rights applicable to one or more specified
investors, consents by Fund GPs to specified types of transfers of interests, or terms reflective of
particular legal, regulatory or public policy characteristics of an investor.
Diverse investor group
Investors in Client Funds are based in a wide variety of jurisdictions and take a wide variety of
organizational forms. As such, investors may have conflicting investment, tax, regulatory, and other
interests with respect to their investments in a Client Fund. Such conflicting interests may relate to or
arise from, among other things, the nature of underlying fund or company investments made by the
Client Fund, the structuring or the acquisition of investments, or the timing and manner of disposition of
investments. In addition, some investors may be invested in two or more Client Funds. As a
consequence, conflicts of interests may arise in connection with decisions made or actions taken by CIM
or its affiliates with respect to one or more Client Funds, including with respect to the nature or
structuring of underlying investments, that may be more beneficial for a particular investor or type of
investors than for another investor or type of investors, particularly with respect to investors' individual
tax situations.
In selecting and structuring investments appropriate for a particular Client Fund, CIM and its affiliates will
consider the investment, regulatory and tax objectives of the Client Fund and its investors as a whole,
not the investment, regulatory, tax or other objectives of any particular investor or type of investors. A
Fund GP may elect to exclude one or more investors from specified underlying fund or company
investments for legal, regulatory or similar reasons applicable to any such investment, as well as, in
some cases, as a result of an investor’s own stated investment limitations, which may increase the
proportionate interests and contribution obligations of non-excluded investors in respect of such
investments.
Some investors may periodically request information regarding a particular Client Fund or underlying
investment that is not contained in the reports or other information required to be delivered to all
investors. CIM and its affiliates may, subject to any confidentiality requirements and (where applicable)
their duty to act in the best interests of the Client Fund, provide any such information to the investor or
investors requesting it, but will generally not be obligated to provide such information to all investors
(although they will generally provide the same information upon request and treat investors equally in
that regard). As a result, some investors may have more information regarding the Client Fund or an
underlying investment, than other Investors and may be able to take actions on the basis of such
information.
It is also possible that a particular Client Fund or an underlying fund or company may be a counterparty
to, or otherwise involved in, agreements, transactions or other arrangements with an investor or an
affiliate of an investor. By virtue of their multiple roles, such investors may therefore have different
information about the Client Fund or its investments than investors not similarly positioned.
Conflicts affecting advisory committee members and other investors
Members of the advisory committee for, or other investors in, any Client Fund, who may be asked to
vote on any matter regarding conflicts of interests, or who may otherwise participate in deliberations,
votes, or actions of the advisory committee or as investors, may have investments or other interests in,
or other relationships with, one or more other Coller Funds, underlying funds or companies, CIM, or any
of their respective affiliates. As a result, such members or other investors may not be motivated to vote
or otherwise act solely in accordance with their interests related to the Client Fund. Moreover, investors
are generally not restricted from voting, and may affirmatively vote, in a manner that is adverse to the
interests of other investors in the same Client Fund, or of the Client Fund itself.
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Transactions and Personal Trading
Because CIM is an offshore adviser with no direct U.S. clients, it is not required to maintain a formal “code
of ethics” in accordance with Rule 204A-1 under the Advisers Act. However, as an entity licensed and
regulated by the GFSC, CIM is subject to the Conduct of Business requirements of the GFSC’s Licensees
(Conduct of Business) Rules 2014 (the “Conduct of Business Rules”) in carrying out its investment advisory
business. Further, each of the Client Funds is an Authorised Closed Ended Scheme under the GFSC’s
Authorised Closed-Ended Investment Scheme Rules 2008 (the “Authorised Closed-Ended Investment
Scheme Rules”). The Conduct of Business Rules outline the standards to which CIM is required to adhere in
connection with its conduct, skill, care and diligence, market practice, financial resources, internal
organization and the handling of conflicts of interest, customer assets and information about and for its
clients.
The Conduct of Business Rules establish a standard of conduct to which CIM is required to adhere in its
dealings with the GFSC, third parties and clients. Specifically, CIM is required to
observe high standards of integrity and fair dealing in the conduct of its business,
act with due skill, care and diligence towards its clients and counterparties,
seek from clients it advises or for whom it exercises discretion, including the Client Funds, any
information about their circumstances and investment objectives which might reasonably be
expected to be relevant in enabling it to fulfil its responsibilities to them,
take reasonable steps to give a client it advises, including a Client Fund, in a comprehensible and
timely way, any information needed to enable such client to make a balanced and informed decision,
be ready to provide a client with a full and fair account of the fulfilment of its responsibilities to the
client,
to the extent that CIM has control of or is otherwise responsible for assets belonging to a client which
it is required to safeguard, arrange proper protection for them, by way of segregation and
identification of those assets or otherwise,
observe high standards of market conduct, and comply with any code of standard as in force from
time to time and issued or approved by the GFSC,
maintain adequate financial resources to meet its investment business commitments and withstand
the risks to which the business is subject,
organize and control its internal affairs in a responsible manner, keeping proper records, and where
CIM employs staff or is responsible for the conduct of investment business by others, have adequate
arrangements to ensure that they are suitable, adequately trained and properly supervised and that it
has well-defined compliance procedures, and
deal with the GFSC in an open and co-operative manner and keep the GFSC promptly informed of
anything concerning CIM which might reasonably be expected to be disclosed to it.
The Conduct of Business Rules also contain principles designed to eliminate conflicts of interests
surrounding any transactions of CIM. The Conduct of Business Rules require CIM to either avoid any conflict
of interests arising or, where a conflict arises, ensure fair treatment to all its clients by disclosure, declining
to act or otherwise. CIM is not permitted to unfairly place its interests above those of its clients and, where
a properly informed client would reasonably expect that CIM would place its interests above the client’s
own interests, CIM is required to live up to that expectation.
The Conduct of Business Rules also contain rules on dealing which prohibit CIM and its associates from
knowingly effecting an own account transaction in an investment where CIM or its associates intends to
publish to clients a written recommendation, or a piece of research or analysis, until the clients for whom
the publication was principally intended have had (or are likely to have had) a reasonable opportunity to react
to it. However, CIM or its associates may effect an own account transaction where CIM discloses in the
publication that it has effected or may effect an own account transaction in the investment concerned or any
related investment. Further, the Conduct of Business Rules require CIM to have a staff dealing policy that
complies with the requirements of the Guernsey Company Securities (Insider Dealing) (Bailiwick of
Guernsey) Law, 1996, as amended, and any other requirements under the Guernsey Protection of Investors
(Bailiwick of Guernsey) Law, 1987, as amended.
Additionally, CIM’s directors are required to act and take all reasonable steps to ensure that all directors act
so as to avoid serious damage to CIM’s reputation or its financial position.
Copies of the Conduct of Business Rules and the Authorised Closed-Ended Investment Scheme Rules will
be provided to any existing or prospective client of CIM, including any Client Funds or investment funds to
be managed by a client of CIM and any existing or prospective limited partner of a Client Fund or
prospective investment fund, upon request.
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The Client Funds generally invest in other private investment funds, private companies, or other assets that
are not publicly traded, and typically neither CIM nor the Client Funds engage any brokers in connection with
transactions in such investments (although the Client Funds may bear fees and other costs associated with
finders or consultants). While distributions received from Client Fund investments are typically in the form of
cash, non-cash (“in specie”) distributions are received from time to time in the form of publicly traded
securities. In order to sell such securities, and to dispose of any other assets that are not self-liquidating or
that remain at the end of the term of a Client Fund, CIM may engage brokers on behalf of Client Funds.
CIM has discretionary authority with respect to the selection of brokers. Taking into account the generally
limited frequency and size of Client Fund transactions in publicly traded securities, CIM has historically
exercised its discretion by arranging for a significant majority of such transactions to be handled by a single
large brokerage firm (the “Global Broker”). CIM believes that this approach offers the Client Funds benefits
in the form of reliable access to a firm with global coverage of relevant securities and demonstrated
execution capabilities, at a reasonable cost. From time to time, CIM may select a different broker to handle
a specific securities transaction (or series of transactions) for a Client Fund. Any such ad hoc selection will
typically be made on the basis of
a recommendation by a relevant third party (for example, a private investment fund or company
making an in specie distribution), or
the broker’s specific experience and performance in selling assets of the type in question (for
example, securities distributed in specie from private investment funds or companies).
Standard brokerage commissions are paid by the Client Funds in connection with any transactions for which
either the Global Broker or any other broker is engaged. There are no financial arrangements between CIM
and its affiliates, on the one hand, and any brokers used on behalf of Client Funds, on the other hand.
CIM currently does not engage in soft dollar transactions. Should it decide to engage in such transactions in
the future, it would do so in accordance with the limitations of Section 28(e) of the Securities Exchange Act
of 1934, as amended. An affiliate of the Global Broker from time to time provides affiliates of CIM with
general economic and industry research and commentary, without separate charge. Such research and
commentary typically relate to the investment advisory activities of CIM’s affiliates as a whole, rather than
specifically benefiting those Client Funds who may pay brokerage commissions to the Global Broker in a
given time period.
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CIM reviews the status of the underlying investment portfolios of the Client Funds with representatives of
CCL on at least a quarterly basis. CCL actively monitors the underlying investments and has regular contact
with the underlying investment fund managers.
Accounts for the Client Funds are prepared on a quarterly basis by CIM. The accounts are reviewed by the
finance department and Finance Director of CCL. A separate review is undertaken by the Central Accounting
Unit of the Secretary to CIM.
Investors in the Client Funds receive quarterly accounts and a capital account as of March 31, June 30 and
September 30 of each year, as well as annual audited accounts and a capital account as of December 31 of
each year.
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CIM and its affiliates may enter into compensation arrangements with unaffiliated placement agents or
other third parties for introducing investors to a Client Fund. Any fees payable under such arrangements
(typically based on a percentage of the capital committed by an investor to a Client Fund) are payable by
CIM or its relevant affiliate. Such fees are not payable by or passed on to the Client Funds or to introduced
investors, but qualifying expenses of placement agents will typically be reimbursed by the relevant Client
Fund.
The receipt of compensation by placement agents creates a potential conflict of interests and may affect the
judgment of placement agents when making referrals to CIM. Placement agents may refer potential
investors to the Client Funds because they will be paid a fee and not because the Client Funds provide
appropriate investment strategies or are suitable for the investors.
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Under the SEC’s custody rules, CIM would be deemed to have custody of the Client Funds’ assets because
CIM serves as the ultimate general partner to the Client Funds and, therefore, has access to the funds or
securities in its Client Funds’ accounts. However, because CIM is an offshore adviser with no direct U.S.
clients, it is not currently required to comply with the custody requirements applicable to registered
investment advisers under the Advisers Act.
Cash and publicly traded securities of the Client Funds are held in custody by unaffiliated banks or broker-
dealers. Further, the Client Funds are subject to annual audits and the audited financial statements are
distributed to each investor in the Client Funds.
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As ultimate general partner of each Client Fund, CIM has discretionary authority to manage each Client Fund
and to determine whether and when a Client Fund purchases or sells an investment, including the type and
amount of the investment and the price and other terms on which a transaction is effected. Any limitation
on CIM’s authority with respect to managing or making investment decisions for a particular Client Fund is
set forth in the Governing Documents of the Client Fund.
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As CIM is an offshore adviser with no direct U.S. clients, it is not currently required to comply with the proxy
voting requirements applicable to registered investment advisers. In the exercise of its discretionary
authority over client assets, CIM votes all proxies for securities in the best interests of the relevant Client
Fund or Funds. A Client Fund cannot direct any vote in a particular way. CIM generally votes all proxies from
or with respect to a single issuer in the same way for all relevant Client Funds, unless there are particular
circumstances where it is in a Client Fund’s best interests to vote differently with respect to the matter in
question. In the event of a conflict between CIM and a Client Fund, proxies are voted in a manner that puts
the interest of the Client Fund first. In some instances, CIM may determine that it is in a Client Fund’s best
interests for the Client Fund to abstain from voting and will do so accordingly.
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CIM has no financial commitment that would impair its ability to meet contractual and fiduciary
commitments to clients and has not been the subject of a bankruptcy proceeding.
Item 19 – Requirements for State-Registered Advisers
CIM is not a state registered adviser.
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Open Brochure from SEC website