Forest Investment Associates (FIA), formed in 1986, is a Registered Investment Adviser
providing investment management services for timberland investors. Operating out of
Atlanta, Georgia, U.S. headquarters and multiple U.S. field offices, FIA acquires and manages
timberland portfolios for corporate pension plans, state and municipal retirement systems,
endowments, foundations and family offices. FIA offers customized separate account and
commingled fund investments.
Forest Investment Associates L.P. is majority owned and controlled by Forest Investment
Associates, LLC. No individual directly or indirectly owns or controls more than 25% of
Forest Investment Associates L.P. FIA’s Executive Committee is comprised of the following
persons:
Marc A. Walley, President
Andrew L. Boutwell, VP – Director of Real Estate Transactions
Samuel R. Grice, VP – Director of Client Accounting & Finance
V. Scott Bond, VP – Director of Marketing & Client Relations
Michael P. Cerchiaro, VP – Director of International Investments and Operations
Christina D. Purcell, VP – Director of Corporate Finance, Human Resources and
Compliance
Michael L. Clutter, VP – Director of U.S. Investments and Operations
FIA’s overall management objective is to maximize the value of each client portfolio through
capital appreciation from optimal forest productivity and cash flows from timber harvests.
Our experienced foresters, analysts and specialists combine financial management skills
with the latest forest science and technology to achieve this objective.
In managing timberland portfolios, FIA selects properties specific to the needs of the
particular client. FIA seeks to build portfolios that are diversified across various criteria,
including:
Geographic location
Timber species
Timber age
Hunting, recreation, mitigation, conservation and other non-timber income sources provide
opportunities for adding value, and we work to maximize these sources. FIA’s business
knowledge and expertise is not limited to forestry, and we proactively identify and
implement alternative land uses, timberland sales and other value growth opportunities
based on local market dynamics.
FIA has formed the four commingled funds (hereinafter, the “Funds) listed below. The Funds
are exempt from registration under the Investment Company Act of 1940. They are managed
in accordance with their own investment objectives, strategies and guidelines and are not
tailored to the individual needs of any particular investor in the Funds. Therefore, investors
must consider whether the Funds meet their investment objectives and risk tolerance prior
to investing. Detailed information about the Funds can be found in each respective Fund’s
private placement memorandum.
FIA Timber Partners, LP
FIA Timber Growth Partners, LP
FIA Timber Partners II, LP
FIA Timber Growth and Value Partners, LP and FIA Timber Growth and
Value Partners A, LP (Parallel Fund)
As of December 31, 2018, FIA had $4,352,515,019 in discretionary assets under
management, and $479,136,310 in non-discretionary assets.
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Clients pay FIA fees based on various measures of asset value. Fees are subject to negotiation
and may vary from client to client to reflect circumstances that apply to specific clients. The
fee schedule, with any applicable terms and conditions, is stated in each client’s Investment
Management Agreement.
Separate Accounts
Fees are charged in arrears based on the value of the portfolio at the end of the quarter.
Procedures for valuing portfolios are discussed in greater detail in Item 12. FIA’s fee
structure is based on one or more of the following components:
1.) Management fee based on a percentage of assets under management (either at
market value or cost);
2.) Acquisition fee based on a percentage of the purchase price of a property;
3.) Incentive performance fee (see Item 6 below); or
4.) Disposition fee based on a percentage of the sales proceeds from a property.
FIA’s fees include only the cost associated with the investment advisory services offered.
Clients are responsible for all expenses incurred associated with management of the
property, including but not limited to, timber sale expenses, property taxes, land appraisals,
and all other costs associated with forest operations and administration.
Clients may, but are not required to, grant FIA the authority to directly pay its advisory fees
from the clients’ cash accounts. Clients receive invoices from FIA stating the amount of the
fee paid from their cash account.
Clients may terminate management of their portfolio by written notice at any time, subject
to any specific terms and conditions stated in the Investment Management Agreement. Any
such termination will not affect either party’s status, obligations or liabilities.
Private Funds
Investment advisory fees and other expenses incurred by the Funds are described to
investors, in detail, in each Fund’s Private Placement Memorandum. Fund fees vary
depending on the nature of the services provided and the investment strategy utilized but
generally include: (1) a management fee, based on the value of assets in the Funds (at either
market value or cost); and (2) and incentive fee equal to a percentage of capital appreciation
above a prescribed hurdle rate of return. With respect to incentive fees, any losses are
carried forward so that no incentive fee is charged unless the losses have been recouped,
subject to certain adjustments (e.g. a high water mark provision). Management fees for
Private Funds are payable quarterly in arrears. Incentive fees, if earned, are paid through an
annual allocation of profits from each limited partner’s capital account into the general
partner’s capital account at each prescribed measurement point.
Specific procedures and restrictions apply to withdrawals and terminations, as described in
each Fund’s Private Placement Memorandum.
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Forest Investment Associates may enter into performance fee arrangements with clients.
Such fees are subject to negotiation, as outlined in each client’s Investment Management
Agreement. FIA will structure any performance or incentive fee arrangement subject to
Section 205(a)(1) of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940. In measuring clients' assets for
the calculation of performance-based fees, FIA includes realized and unrealized capital gains
and losses.
FIA has procedures in place designed and implemented to ensure that all clients are treated
fairly and equally and to prevent any conflict from influencing the allocation of investment
opportunities among clients. Please refer to the Investment Priority Policy for FIA in Item
12.
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Forest Investment Associates provides timberland investment portfolio management
services to corporate pension plans, state and municipal retirement systems, endowments,
foundations, family offices and commingled fund investors.
The minimum account sizes for each of the advisory services offered appear below. FIA
reserves the right to reduce these minimum requirements at its discretion.
Separate Accounts $50,000,000
Private Funds (see Private Placement Memoranda) $5,000,000
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The following list of risk factors describes some of the more significant risks associated with
an investment in timberland, but is not intended to be a comprehensive list of all the risks of
such an investment. There are additional risks associated with fund investments.
Prospective investors and their advisers considering investment in a Fund should refer to
the respective Private Placement Memorandum for a more detailed listing of fund-related
risks.
Prices for timber are volatile
A portion of client revenues will likely be dependent on prevailing market prices for timber,
which may fluctuate substantially based on changes in supply and demand. Decreases in
demand, increases in supply, or both, may reduce timber prices, which in turn may reduce
revenues and negatively impact financial results.
Demand risks - The principal factors that affect demand for timber include economic
conditions in the industries that use wood products, product substitution and
increased efficiency by end-users.
Supply risks - The supply of timber is affected by various factors, including increases
in foreign supply caused by the globalization of the timber markets and fluctuations
in local or regional supply. Historically, increases in timber prices have caused
owners of timberland to increase timber cutting. This increase in supply, in turn, may
mitigate any price increases. Additionally, a significant amount of intensive forest
management of timberland in a particular region may result in an increase in timber
reserves without a corresponding increase in demand.
Certain government agencies, such as the U.S. Forest Service and the U.S. Bureau of Land
Management, own large amounts of timberland. If these agencies were to modify their
policies and sell more timber than they have in recent years, timber prices could fall. The
supply of timber available for harvesting is also affected by, among other things,
environmental and other legal and regulatory restrictions on harvesting. Moreover, state
laws and federal trade policies impact imports and exports of timber and timber products,
which may affect both the demand for exports of U.S. timber and the supply of foreign timber
in the U.S. Any significant increase in the supply of, or decrease in the demand for, timber
and timber products could negatively impact financial results.
Environmental laws and other government regulations may adversely affect properties and
operations
The operations and properties will be subject to federal and state laws and regulations
governing forestry practices, timber harvesting, the environment and health and safety.
Some of these laws and regulations could impose significant costs, penalties and liabilities.
Losses of timber from fire and other causes
Fire, insect infestation, severe weather, disease, natural disasters and other causes beyond
FIA’s control may reduce the volume and value of timber that can be harvested from the
timberland and negatively impact financial results. While FIA will attempt to mitigate these
risks by constructing a portfolio diversified by geography, species and timber age and by
actively managing the timberland, significant natural disasters and similar events could have
a significant negative impact on financial results. If requested by the client and if available
on commercially reasonable terms, FIA will maintain, on behalf of the client and at the
client’s expense, casualty insurance on each portfolio property of the client insuring the
portfolio property against loss from one or more of the following perils: fire, lightening,
explosion, windstorm and hail, ice, theft and insect infestation.
Seasonality of timber harvesting
Inclement weather in winter and fire prevention measures in spring and summer may limit
timber harvesting on timberland properties in certain regions of the U.S. Due to less
favorable weather that generally prevails in the first and fourth quarters, timber customers
may harvest less timber from clients’ properties during these quarters. These seasonal
limitations may reduce client revenues and cash flow during those periods, and may limit
FIA’s ability to make cash distributions during these times.
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Registered investment advisers are required to disclose all material facts regarding any legal
or disciplinary events that would be material to evaluation of Forest Investment Associates
or the integrity of Forest Investment Associates’ management personnel. FIA has no
disciplinary events to disclose.
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As discussed previously, FIA created five Private Funds, described below. FIA, its officers,
directors or related entities serve as General Partner to each of the Funds. To the extent that
any of the Funds are an appropriate investment for FIA separate account clients, those clients
may be solicited to invest in the Private Funds. Interests in the Funds will only be offered to
a limited number of investors who are able to bear the risk of an investment in the Funds
and who meet the requirements set forth in each Funds’ offering documents.
FIA Timber Partners, L.P. is a Delaware limited partnership organized in 2004 to
provide qualified institutional and individual investors the opportunity to invest in a
diversified portfolio of timberland properties in the U.S. The General Partner of the
Fund is FIA Timber Management, LLC. FIA Timber Management, LLC is majority
owned and controlled by FIA.
FIA Timber Growth Partners, L.P. is a Delaware limited partnership organized in 2008
to provide qualified institutional and individual investors the opportunity to invest in
a diversified portfolio of timberland properties in the U.S. and internationally. The
General Partner of the Fund is FIA Growth Management, LLC. FIA Growth
Management, LLC is majority owned and controlled by FIA.
FIA Timber Partners II, L.P. is a Delaware limited partnership organized in 2009 to
provide qualified institutional and individual investors the opportunity to invest in a
diversified portfolio of timberland properties in the U.S. The General Partner of the
Fund is FIA Timber Management II, LLC. FIA Timber Management II, LLC is majority
owned and controlled by FIA.
FIA Timber Growth and Value Partners, L.P. and its parallel fund FIA Timber Growth
and Value Partners A, L.P. are Delaware limited partnerships organized in 2014 and
2015 to provide qualified institutional and individual investors the opportunity to
invest in a diversified portfolio of timberland properties in the U.S. and
internationally. The General Partner of the Fund is FIA Timber Growth and Value
Management, LLC. FIA Timber Growth and Value Management, LLC is majority
owned and controlled by FIA.
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FIA requires all officers, directors, and employees to adhere to the FIA’s Code of Ethics. The
purpose of the Code of Ethics is to ensure that all personnel conducts its business with the
highest level of ethical standards and fulfills its fiduciary duties to its clients. FIA has a duty
to exercise its authority and responsibility for the benefit of its clients, to place the interests of
its clients first, to refrain from having outside interests that conflict with the interests of its
clients, to safeguard clients’ personal information, and to comply with all federal securities
laws as they apply to the business of FIA. FIA’s employees must avoid any circumstances that
might adversely affect or appear to affect its duty of loyalty to its clients. A complete copy of
the Code of Ethics will be furnished upon request.
The FIA Code of Ethics requires certain employees (“Access Persons”) to report their
personal security holdings within ten days of being hired and annually thereafter, and also
requires them to report securities transactions within thirty days of the end of each calendar
quarter. In addition, any Access Person’s investment in an Initial Public Offering (IPO) or
limited offering must be pre-approved by the Chief Compliance Officer prior to any
transaction by the employee. The Chief Compliance Officer or other designated person
reviews the personal investment activity of each Access Person to ensure that employee
trading activity does not conflict with advice provided to clients.
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Allocation of Investment Opportunities
FIA’s Investment Committee adheres to the following Investment Priority Policy when
allocating investment opportunities among clients who have outstanding committed funds
for investment.
Clear Best Fit
Periodically, because of size, geographic location, market exposure, age
characteristics, species or other diversification factors, a particular timberland
property is clearly most appropriate for the portfolio of a particular client. In such a
case, the timberland property will be allocated to a particular client if FIA’s
Investment Committee determines that the property is a clear best fit for the portfolio
of that client.
Single Property, Multiple Fit
At times, a particular timberland property may meet the portfolio needs of more than
one client. At other times, an undivided timberland property, because of size or other
factors, may not meet the needs of any particular client, but if divided becomes
appropriate for more than one client portfolio. In these circumstances, FIA will seek,
where feasible, to physically delineate and apportion the timberland property in a
manner that suits the portfolio needs of more than one client. FIA will engage
appraisers or other third-party consultants to ensure that the property is equitably
divided and the purchase price equitably allocated.
Oldest Outstanding Commitment
In some cases, FIA may have an opportunity to acquire a timberland property that
meets the needs of more than one client portfolio, but because of size, location, or
other factors, is not suitable for division. In this circumstance, FIA will allocate the
timberland property to the client whose remaining un-invested funds have been
committed for investment for the longest period of time.
Pricing & Valuation
FIA’s pricing and valuation practices are detailed in each client’s Investment Management
Agreement. Specific valuation procedures for a particular client could vary from FIA
standard practice.
Appreciation is determined by periodic third-party appraisals of the clients’ timberlands.
Between independent third-party appraisals, the market values for all timberland properties
are updated quarterly to account for timber growth, timber harvest removals, land sales and
inventory adjustments. In addition, interim market changes are reflected in one of two ways:
1. For the majority of FIA client accounts, the independent, third-party appraiser
who performed the most recent comprehensive appraisal performs an appraisal
update on an annual basis until a new, comprehensive appraisal is required.
Under this approach, the unit values for merchantable timber, pre-merchantable
timber and land remain constant in the interim quarters until the annual appraisal
update is performed. Comprehensive appraisals are typically required every
three years.
2. For the remaining FIA client accounts, merchantable timber unit values are
indexed to publicly reported timber prices and adjusted each quarter based on
the movements of those publicly reported prices. Pre-merchantable timber unit
values are also adjusted quarterly based on an internal valuation system that ties
pre-merchantable timber unit values to current quarter merchantable timber unit
values. Alternatively, pre-merchantable timber unit values may be held at the
most recent independent appraised values. Under this approach, land unit values
are generally held constant at the most recent independent appraised value until
the next independent appraisal is performed.
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Each account is reviewed no less than quarterly by at least two members of FIA’s
Investment Committee. The Investment Committee is comprised of:
Marc A. Walley, President, Chairman of the Investment Committee
Charles L. VanOver, VP – Director of Corporate Development
Andrew L. Boutwell, VP – Director of Real Estate Transactions
Samuel R. Grice, VP – Director of Client Accounting & Finance
V. Scott Bond, VP – Director of Marketing & Client Relations
Michael P. Cerchiaro, VP – Director of International Investments and Operations
Michael L. Clutter, VP – Director of U.S. Investments and Operations
Michael F. Hart – Senior Portfolio Manager
Clients receive quarterly reports and financial statements prepared by FIA showing the
latest timber inventory and value, cash/checking account balances, income and expenses for
the period and internal rate of return.
Investors in Private Funds receive a quarterly report of their respective capital account that
shows the beginning and ending value of their investment in the Fund, any deposits or
withdrawals for the period and the performance of their account. Investors also receive an
annual audit report prepared by the independent certified public accountant within 120 of
the Fund’s fiscal year end.
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Forest Investment Associates has an agreement with a third-party who receives a solicitation
fee as a result of FIA’s relationship with a particular client. The arrangement is subject to the
terms and conditions of the written agreement between FIA and the third party. The third
party receives a portion of the management fee paid by the client. The client does not pay a
higher management fee as a result of the solicitation arrangement. The details of the
solicitation arrangement are described to the client as necessary, and acknowledged and
accepted by the client in a signed Solicitors Disclosure Document.
FIA also may directly or indirectly compensate employees for obtaining new business
relationships. Compensation arrangements are subject to the terms and conditions of a
written agreement between FIA and the employee. This agreement does not affect the fee
paid by the client to FIA for advisory services.
FIA does not receive any compensation other than investment advisory fees in connection
with the advisory services offered to clients.
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Clients receive bank statements from the financial institution(s) at which cash accounts are
located on a monthly basis. FIA urges clients to carefully review such statements and
compare such official custodial records to the account statements provided by FIA on a
quarterly basis. FIA statements may vary from custodial statements due to outstanding
checks or deposits.
Because FIA has custody of client funds, FIA engages the services of an independent certified
public accountant to perform an audit of FIA’s operations. The auditor conducts:
(1) a financial audit of the FIA entities (including the Private Funds);
(2) an internal controls audit of FIA’s operations;
(3) a custody audit of FIA’s advisory activities.
FIA’s annual audited financial statements are available to clients upon request.
Each of the Funds engages an independent certified public accountant to prepare audited
financial statements each year. Each Fund investor is provided with a copy of the audited
financial statements.
In many cases, separate account clients choose to engage their own certified independent
public accountant to conduct an audit of their timber portfolios and bank accounts onsite at
FIA’s office. FIA will comply with such requests upon reasonable notice and availability of
office space and any other resources necessary to accommodate the request.
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Clients generally grant FIA discretion over their accounts by providing authorization in the
Investment Management Agreement. This authorization gives FIA the authority to purchase,
sell or otherwise obtain and dispose of timber and timberland on behalf of the client.
Discretionary authority is limited only by any specific guidelines, instructions or mandates
provided by the client in writing, and to which FIA agrees. FIA is further granted the
authority to use client funds to pay expenses associated with managing each of the
properties owned by the client.
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Registered investment advisers are required in this Item to provide certain financial
information or disclosures about the financial condition of Forest Investment Associates.
Forest Investment Associates has no financial commitments that impair the ability to meet
contractual and fiduciary commitments to clients, and have not been the subject of a
bankruptcy proceeding.
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