A. Advisory Firm
IDF is a New York limited liability company and has been in business since 2015. It is owned by
Nikhil Nunes.
B. Advisory and Other Services Provided
IDF provides customized investment advice to separately managed accounts (“SMAs” or
“Clients”) in connection with long-term project finance transactions (each, a “Project”) through
a variety of product development and funding techniques, with an emphasis on debt finance.
Each Project is separately structured in an entity tailored to each Client’s requirements based on
investment objectives and applicable restrictions. IDF identifies potential Projects for Clients on
a global basis.
In addition to investment advisory services, IDF provides day-to-day managerial and
administrative services for each Project. These additional services may include identifying,
analyzing, structuring and negotiating potential investments and financing opportunities,
monitoring the performance of each Project and advising each Client regarding both financing
and disposition opportunities. The scope of these services is described in the respective advisory
and management agreements separately negotiated for each Project.
Separately, as opportunities arise, IDF also provides customized consulting services to project
originators on a contractual basis. These arrangements are documented in separately negotiated
consulting agreements.
C. Custom Advisory Services
As detailed in Section B, above, all of IDF’s investment advice to its Clients is customized and
tailored to each Client’s investment mandate, objectives and restrictions.
D. Wrap Fee Programs
IDF does not participate in wrap fee programs.
E. Assets under Management
As of December 31, 2019, IDF had approximately $212,561,544 in regulatory assets under management
for which it had non-discretionary authority, as described in each Client’s advisory and management
agreement.
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All fees and expenses are separately negotiated with each Client, as stated in each advisory and
management agreement. Since all Clients are “qualified purchasers,” as defined in section
2(a)(51)(A) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended IDF limits disclosure of such
fees and expenses in this Brochure.
IDF also charges fees for special projects and/or other ad hoc consulting assignments. Any such
fees are described in an investment management agreement or similar document. Therefore, IDF
may receive compensation for consulting services provided to business entities that are not
Clients. Compensation for such services are provided in accordance with the respective
consulting agreement with the business entity, and the consulting compensation would be
negotiated with such entities.
Clients are not required to pay certain IDF fees in advance.
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IDF typically receives performance-based compensation (which may take the form of an
incentive allocation, incentive fee, carried interest or other fees), as set forth in each Client’s
advisory and management agreement. Performance fees are paid in accordance with the rules
set forth in Section 205(a)(1) and Rule 205-3 of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as
amended (the “Advisers Act”).
Since all IDF Clients invest in specific Projects and are “qualified clients” as defined in Rule
205-3(d)(1) of the Advisers Act, performance-based compensation is separately negotiated in
each Client’s advisory and management agreement. IDF has varying compensation
arrangements among its Clients that are managed in a substantially similar fashion. This
potentially could lead to a conflict of interest if these agreements incentivize IDF to manage
each Client differently due to such different compensation arrangements or to make more
speculative or riskier investments than it would otherwise make in the absence of such
performance-based compensation.
In addition, IDF, because of differing investment objectives, different investment teams or other
factors, may cause a Client to take investment positions that are different from or adverse to
those taken by another Client, including positions contrary to those held by such other Client or
senior or junior to those held by such other Client. To the extent that a Client holds interests that
are different from (or more senior or junior to) those held by another Client, IDF may be
presented with decisions involving circumstances where the interests of one Client conflict with
those of another Client, including with respect to the operation of a company, the expected
returns for the investment and the timeframe for and method of exiting the investment.
Furthermore, it is possible that (in a bankruptcy proceeding or otherwise) a Client's interest may
be subordinated or otherwise adversely affected relative to another Client or otherwise by virtue
of such Client's involvement and actions relating to its investment. For example, a Client that is
a debt holder of a company may be better served by the company's liquidation, in which case it
may be paid in full, whereas a Client that is an equity holder of a company may prefer a
reorganization that could create value for the Client and other equity holders. IDF may have
varying compensation arrangements among Clients that could incentivize IDF to manage such
Clients differently. There will be no obligation to purchase, sell or exchange any security or
financial instrument for a Client if IDF believes in good faith, at the time the investment decision
is made that such transaction or investment would be unsuitable, impractical or undesirable for
the particular Client. In allocating investment opportunities among Clients, IDF may consider
factors including, among other things, the relative amounts of capital available for new
investments and the investment programs and portfolio positions, investment objectives and
restriction of the Client and such other Clients and investment vehicles. However, situations
may arise in which the activities of IDF may be disadvantageous to a Client, such as the inability
of the market to fully absorb the purchase or sale of particular investments placed by IDF for a
Client and other Clients or at prices and that may be obtainable if the same were being placed
only for the Client.
Sometimes, following an investment by a Client, IDF can make an additional or follow-on
investment in the same portfolio company or a project. Occasionally, rather than allocate these
additional or follow-on investment opportunities to the Client(s) that made the original
investment, IDF may allocate the opportunity in a different manner, including but not limited to
amongst other Clients (including Clients that may be wholly or principally owned by IDF) and
one or more strategic investors (which may include third parties). Typically, IDF makes these
allocations in circumstances where the additional investment opportunity or follow-on
investment could not, because of available capital, expected holding period of the investment,
risk limits, size, tax considerations, concentration or other reasons, be allocated in the same
manner as the original investment to which it relates. Additional investment opportunities and
follow-on investments may be more or less profitable than the original investment to which they
relate.
From time-to-time, a Client makes commitments to provide capital for investments at a certain
date in the future. At the time any such investment requires funding, IDF may allocate the
investment opportunity among such Client, other Clients eligible to participate in the investment,
one or more strategic investors, and/or co-investors (which may include third parties). In
addition, the Client and its affiliates may establish investment vehicles to facilitate the
investment of Clients in certain opportunities. To the extent that any other Clients make an initial
investment in or increase their investment in such an investment vehicle, such investment will
dilute the existing interest holders (and the underlying investments therein) unless IDF
determines to increase the other interest holders' commitment to the platform on a proportionate
basis. Accordingly, Clients may be disadvantaged if IDF allocates profitable opportunities away
from them or if IDF allocates unprofitable opportunities to them.
There may be situations in which one Client (or affiliate of a Client) makes or otherwise acquires
an investment that is later sold to another Client. Such transactions are referred to as “Internal
Cross Transactions.” The Client making the initial investment will bear the investment risk
related to the investment if and until such time as an Internal Cross Transaction is affected with
another Client. The Client making the initial investment may be paid interest or other
compensation from the Client purchasing the investment in such circumstances if believed to be
necessary and appropriate by IDF.
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IDF furnishes non-discretionary investment advisory, consulting and other services, directly and
indirectly, to SMAs including institutional investors, insurance and financial institutions, state
pension funds, and high net worth individuals (as previously noted, collectively referred to as
“Clients”). The advisory services IDF provides to Clients, from time to time, may be non-
discretionary.
The minimum investment for a Client generally will be determined by IDF and will generally
be set out in the investment management or other agreements. Such minimum investment
amounts may be waived by IDF, as applicable, if permissible under relevant law. Minimum
investment amounts generally are negotiated on a case-by-case basis with a Client.
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Methods of Analysis:
Investment ideas are usually generated internally, through research and analysis, and are based
primarily upon the research and analytical experience and expertise of each of the investment
and other professionals that supervise and review the Projects. IDF may obtain information
regarding investment opportunities through industry participants, broker-dealers and business
and other relationships. IDF may, from time to time, engage the services of affiliates as well as
consultants and third parties to provide investment ideas, source potential investments, or gather
further research or information.
IDF's investment analysis methods may include, depending upon the investment strategy and
circumstances, project, legal, and financial due diligence including reviewing project
documentation and project cash flow modelling.
Investment Strategy:
IDF's strategy seeks to achieve attractive returns by co-investing with world-class industrial
companies in product development and infrastructure with significant upfront costs, in exchange
for a share in future revenues.
Related Risks:
As with all investing, there are risks associated with investment funding solutions that share
product or project development risks in exchange for future product or project cash flows. A
description of some of the more significant risks follows:
• Product development risks: development cost overrun and timing delay risks, product
revenue & cash flow timing risks, technology risk, and product pricing risks
• Project development risks: construction cost overruns and timing delay risks, project
revenue and cash flow timing risks, operating costs risks, lower than expected equipment
utilization, and foreclosure or bankruptcy risks
.
• IDF seeks to mitigate these risks through rigorous project underwriting standards by
evaluating the creditworthiness of the parties involved, using experts to determine the
technological viability as well as the utilization expectations of the project, and ensuring
the use of top-tier equipment and service providers with sufficient guarantee provisions.
• IDF will review if the product or project developer has a strong history of successful
product or project development. IDF will perform customer research and market sizing to
determine that there is strong demand for developer's products or project and a significant
pipeline of attractive leads. IDF will employ independent third-party utilization forecasts
for investments tied to equipment utilization. IDF will choose mission-critical products
and projects that are key to the strategy and the growth of the product or project developer
to reduce the likelihood of product or project shut-down.
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As noted in Items 4 and 5 and with the permission of investment advisory Clients, IDF may
provide consulting services to non-advisory clients. Outside of consulting services, IDF does
not engage in any other financial industry activities and has no affiliations with other financial
industry firms. This includes potential project developers and any of the service providers
needed for a project and described in this Brochure. IDF employees and senior advisors,
including the owner of IDF, may serve on boards and act in consulting roles to business
enterprises, subject to approval in accordance with IDF's Code of Ethics, provided, however,
that no access person may serve on boards of any person or entity who sponsors projects that
may be recommended or are recommended as appropriate for investment by IDF Clients.
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and Personal Trading IDF has adopted a written code of ethics (the “Code”), in compliance with SEC requirements,
covering all supervised persons. The Code was designed to promote high ethical standards by
reinforcing fiduciary principles that govern the conduct of IDF and its employees. This Code
requires certain standards of business conduct, compliance with federal securities laws,
reporting and recordkeeping of personal securities transactions and holdings, reviews and
sanctions.
The Code is designed to protect the firm's Clients by deterring misconduct; educate employees
regarding the firm's expectations and the laws governing their conduct; remind employees that
they are in a position of trust and must act with complete propriety at all times; protect the
reputation of the firm; guard against violations of the securities laws; and establish procedures
for employees to follow so that IDF may determine whether our employees are complying with
the firm's ethical principles.
A conflict of interest may occur, or appear to occur, when the personal interests of IDF's
employees interfere or could potentially interfere with their responsibilities to IDF and its
Clients. IDF recognizes that both receiving and providing gifts and entertainment from
companies in which IDF invests could conflict with, or appear to conflict with, the interests of
the underlying Client objectives. IDF also has implemented policies and procedures to ensure
proper oversight, documentation and pre-approval of certain business entertainment and gifts,
outside of promotional gifts, such as coffee mugs, tee shirts, golf balls, etc. by all access persons.
All entertaining expenses will be reviewed periodically but no less frequently than annually.
IDF prohibits employees from accepting inappropriate gifts, favors, entertainment, special
accommodations, or other things of material value that could improperly influence their
decision- making or make them feel unduly beholden to a person or firm. Similarly, no employee
is permitted to offer gifts, favors, entertainment or other things of value that could be viewed as
overly generous or aimed at influencing decision-making or making a Client feel inappropriately
beholden to the firm or its employees. IDF and its employees are allowed to make political
contributions subject to pre-approval from the IDF Chief Compliance Officer.
IDF does not trade marketable securities on behalf of Clients so insider trading is not an issue,
but IDF does place restrictions on personal trades by employees. Employees are required to
report their transactions in securities on a quarterly and annual basis and to pre-clear any
transactions in privately-placed securities and initial public offerings. This reporting obligation
also extends to immediate family members of employees.
On an annual basis, IDF requires all employees to re-certify that they are adhering to the Code.
Any Client or potential Client may request a copy of IDF’s Code by contacting Nik Nunes,
IDF’s Chief Compliance Officer, at (917) 658-7661 or
[email protected].
Participation or Interest in Client Transactions:
Neither IDF nor any of its principals or employees may invest in the aggregate more than 4.9%
in any Project selected for Client investment.
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General Brokerage Practice
As noted above, the investment strategy does not involve the purchase and sale of public
securities. In connection with providing this advice to Clients, the specific security each Client
buys is the subject of extensive contract negotiations with the project originator. IDF engages in
no brokerage business for its clients and does not have a brokerage practice. From time to time,
IDF may pay brokers solicitation fees in accordance with Rule 206(4)-3 under the Advisers Act.
Research and Other Soft Dollar Benefit: N/A
Trade Aggregation: N/A
Other Issues and Conflicts:
Allocation of Time and Resources. Generally, IDF is not subject to specific obligations or
requirements concerning the allocation of time, efforts, resources, or investment opportunities
to any particular Client. The firm's personnel devote time to the affairs of Clients as they, in their
discretion, determine to be necessary for the conduct of the firm's business.
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IDF reviews Client transaction accounts as necessary, but in no case less than quarterly. IDF
provides relevant data to the Client such as power plant utilization reports. IDF does not provide
any valuation services on behalf of its separately managed account Clients.
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IDF may pay solicitors to refer prospective Clients to us and if we retain a solicitor, IDF will
comply with applicable requirements of Advisers Act Rule 206(4)-3.
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All separately managed account Clients should receive, at least quarterly, account statements
from the broker-dealer, bank, or other custodian that maintains the Client's assets. Client funds
are directly invested into the Project, so IDF does not have custody of any Client funds.
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IDF generally receives and exercises non-discretionary authority to manage investments on
behalf of Clients, though the firm may also provide discretionary investment management
services upon request. IDF typically assumes this authority through contractual provision
entered into by a Client. Generally, however, IDF exercises authority to invest in a Project for
Clients unless a Client sends a notice to decline a particular investment opportunity. Once Client
consent is obtained to commit capital to a specific project, IDF has the authority to execute on
that consent.
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As noted above, the IDF investment strategy does not involve securities other than privately-
negotiated interests. In respect of those interests, there are no matters on which the Client can
vote.
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None.
B-1
Brochure Supplement Biographical Information
In lieu of adding ADV Form 2B as a Brochure Supplement, IDF is providing the biographical
information for Mr. Nikhil Nunes, IDF’s sole owner and investment advisor, here.
Educational Background and Business Experience:
Nikhil Nunes, born in 1969, received a Master of Science in Materials Engineering from the
Georgia Institute of Technology, an MBA from New York University, and a Bachelor of Science
in Mechanical Engineering from the University of Massachusetts.
Mr. Nunes, IDF’s CEO and CCO, founded IDF in January 2015 while he was a Partner at Perella
Weinberg Partners Asset Management (“PWP”) from 2015-2018.
Prior to PWP, Nikhil was at General Electric (“GE”) for 25 years, leading multiple divisions
across the globe. During his last position at GE (2009 to 2015), he was Managing Director of
the Strategic Investment Partnerships group, where he led over $15Bn of strategic partnerships
across GE’s industrial and financial businesses.
Disciplinary Information:
None.
Other Business Activities:
As noted in Item 5, below, IDF also charges fees for special projects and/or other ad hoc
consulting assignments. Any such fees are described in an investment management agreement or
similar document. Therefore, IDF may receive compensation for consulting services provided to
business entities that are not Clients. Compensation for such services are provided in accordance
with the respective consulting agreement with the business entity, and the consulting
compensation would be negotiated with such entities.
Supervision:
Mr. Nunes has extensive experience in the financial services industry, having previously worked
for, among other firms, GE and PWP, where he structured transactions similar to the Projects on
which he currently provides investment advice for IDF’s Clients. He is the CCO of IDF and is
fully aware of his fiduciary and other duties to Clients. Advice provided by IDF to each Client,
through Nikhil, are clearly documented in email, investment management agreements and/or
investment materials provided, mentioning key terms and disclosures to Clients.
Name: Nikhil Nunes
Title: CEO and CCO
Telephone: +1.917.658.7661
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