PPC INVESTMENT PARTNERS LP
- Advisory Business
- Fees and Compensation
- Performance-Based Fees
- Types of Clients
- Methods of Analysis
- Disciplinary Information
- Other Activities
- Code of Ethics
- Brokerage Practices
- Review of Accounts
- Client Referrals
- Custody
- Investment Discretion
- Voting Client Securities
- Financial Information
Pritzker Private Capital and its advisory affiliates provide investment advisory services to investment funds privately offered to qualified investors in the United States and elsewhere. Based in Chicago, Illinois, and with an office in Los Angeles, California, Pritzker Private Capital takes a long-term approach to building middle market companies within the manufactured products, services and healthcare sectors. Pritzker Private Capital commenced advisory operations on January 1, 2018. PPC Fund GP II LP (a "General Partner" and, together with Pritzker Private Capital and their affiliated advisory entities, "PPC") is affiliated with Pritzker Private Capital and is subject to the Advisers Act pursuant to Pritzker Private Capital's registration in accordance with SEC guidance. This Brochure also describes the business practices of the General Partner, which operates together with Pritzker Private Capital as a single advisory business. PPC's clients include the following investment vehicles:
• PPC Fund II LP (the "Main Fund II");
• PPC Fund II-A LP (the "Blocker Fund II"); and
• PPC Fund II-B LP (the "AI Fund II" and, together with Main Fund II and Blocker Fund II, "Fund II" and, together with any future private investment fund or investment vehicle to which PPC provides investment advisory services, the "Funds"). The Funds are private equity funds and invest through negotiated transactions in operating entities, generally referred to herein as "PPC Companies." PPC's investment advisory services to the Funds consist of identifying and evaluating investment opportunities, negotiating the terms of investments, managing and monitoring investments and achieving dispositions for such investments. Although investments are made predominantly in non-public companies, investments in public companies are permitted. PPC typically designates representatives (including senior principals of PPC, other PPC personnel and third parties appointed by PPC) to serve on the PPC Companies' respective boards of directors or similar governing bodies or otherwise act to influence control over management of PPC Companies in which the Funds have invested. PPC's advisory services to the Funds are detailed in the relevant private placement memoranda or other offering documents (each, a "Memorandum"), limited partnership or other operating agreements or governing documents (each, a "Partnership Agreement") and are further described below under "Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies and Risk of Loss." Investment advice and authority for each Fund is tailored to the investment objectives of that Fund. PPC does not tailor its investment advisory services to the individual needs of investors in any given Fund. Investors in a Fund participate in the overall investment program for the applicable Fund, but are permitted in certain circumstances to be excused from a particular investment due to legal, regulatory or other agreed-upon circumstances pursuant to the relevant Partnership Agreement. The Funds and/or PPC generally will enter into side letters or other similar agreements ("Side Letters") with certain investors that have the effect of establishing rights (including economic or other terms) under, or altering or supplementing the terms of, the relevant Partnership Agreement with respect to such investors. These rights, benefits or privileges are not always made available to all investors nor are they required to be disclosed to all investors. Side Letters typically are negotiated at the time of a Fund's formation and once invested in a Fund, investors generally cannot impose investment guidelines or restrictions on such Fund. Prior to the formation of PPC, certain members of the PPC investment team were part of Pritzker Group Private Capital ("PGPC"), an investment division of Pritzker Group. Pritzker Group was founded in 2002 for the purpose of investing proprietary family capital across private capital, venture capital and public market debt and equity strategies. Historically, PGPC oversaw the investment of proprietary capital in middle-market private companies on behalf of Pritzker Group. In addition to providing discretionary investment advice to the above-referenced PPC Funds, PPC also provides non-discretionary investment sub-advisory services to the manager of certain investment vehicles, trusts and other estate planning vehicles through which the proprietary capital of Pritzker Group (or related persons thereof) historically has been deployed. Such investment vehicles, trusts and other estate planning vehicles generally are referred to herein collectively as the "Pritzker Investors." As described in the Partnership Agreement, PPC has contracted to offer certain Pritzker Investors the opportunity to co-invest alongside Fund II in each PPC Company pro rata with Fund II (based on Fund II's and such Pritzker Investors' respective shares of total commitments for investment and co-investment, respectively, in Fund II PPC Companies), subject to certain variations and limitations further described in the Partnership Agreement. Additionally (and as described in the Partnership Agreement and Memorandum), to the extent PPC determines in its discretion that the amount of an investment opportunity exceeds the amount appropriate for Fund II, PPC expects to provide co-investment opportunities (including the opportunity to participate in co- invest vehicles) to certain investors or other persons, including other sponsors, market participants, finders, Senior Advisors (as defined below), consultants and other service providers, PPC personnel, certain other persons associated with PPC and the Pritzker Investors (any such amounts would be in addition to the amount co-invested by the Pritzker Investors pursuant to the preceding sentence). Such co-investments typically involve investment and disposal of interests in the applicable PPC Company at the same time and on the same terms as the Fund making the investment. However, from time to time, for strategic and other reasons, a co- investor or co-invest vehicle purchases a portion of an investment from one or more Funds after such Funds have consummated their investment in the PPC Company (also known as a post- closing sell-down or transfer), which generally will have been funded through Fund investor capital contributions and/or use of a Fund credit facility. Any such purchase from a Fund by a co- investor or co-invest vehicle generally occurs shortly after the Fund's completion of the investment to avoid any changes in valuation of the investment. Where appropriate, and in PPC's sole discretion, PPC reserves the right to charge interest on the purchase to the co-investor or co-invest vehicle (or otherwise equitably to adjust the purchase price under certain conditions) and to seek reimbursement to the relevant Fund for related costs. However, to the extent such amounts are not so charged or reimbursed, they generally will be borne by the relevant Fund. As of December 31, 2019, PPC managed approximately $1,129,799,637 in assets from advisory clients and $829,662,726 in assets from non-client committed co-investors, all managed on a discretionary basis, and provided advice with respect to $3,028,620,000 in assets on behalf of the non-client Pritzker Investors (and other co-investors participating in such investments) on a non-discretionary basis as described in more detail herein. Non-client assets managed on behalf of committed co-investors and assets for which PPC provides non-discretionary advice and related investment and management services are not included in the regulatory assets under management disclosed in PPC's Form ADV Part 1. PPC Management LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, acts as the general partner of Pritzker Private Capital. PPC is principally managed by Anthony N. Pritzker and owned by certain trusts as described in more detail in PPC's Form ADV Part 1, Schedules A and B. please register to get more info
In general, PPC receives a management fee and a carried interest in connection with the advisory services provided to the Funds. PPC or its affiliates also receive additional compensation in connection with management and other services performed for the PPC Companies, and the Fund's share of such additional compensation will offset the management fees otherwise payable to PPC. Investors in a Fund also bear certain expenses as described below. Investors should refer to the Partnership Agreement of the applicable Fund for a complete understanding of how PPC is compensated for its advisory services to the Fund. The information contained herein is a summary only and is qualified in its entirety by such documents.
Management Fees
Fund II will pay PPC a management fee (the "Management Fee") equal to 1.5% on an annual basis of the aggregate Fund II investor capital commitments of such Funds ("Commitments"). Investors participating in a closing after the initial closing date bear the Management Fee from the initial closing date, including interest thereon. Upon the earliest to occur of certain events specified in the Partnership Agreement (e.g., the expiration of Fund II's five-year investment period, or the date on which PPC begins to receive Management Fees with respect to a successor Fund having a similar investment strategy, objective and criteria as Fund II), the Management Fee will be reduced and will equal 1.5% of the aggregate funded Commitments, as reduced by permanent write-downs and distributions constituting returns of capital. Upon the tenth anniversary of the initial closing date of Fund II, the Management Fee will be further reduced (although, in no event, below zero) by an additional 0.1% per year thereafter. The Management Fee payable by Fund II investors is accrued on a quarterly basis in advance with installments pro-rated for partial periods based on the actual number of days elapsed in such period. A portion of the committed capital that PPC "calls" or "draws down" from time to time from Fund II investors is permitted to, and frequently is, used to pay accrued Management Fees. The Management Fee will be payable until all PPC Companies are distributed or until PPC's relationship with the Fund is terminated for other reasons (as described in the relevant Partnership Agreement). Installments of the Management Fee payable for any period are calculated based on the actual number of days in such period. The Management Fee will be reduced by an amount equal to all of a Fund's fully diluted pro rata share of closing fees, financing fees, investment banking fees, placement fees, excess organizational costs, commitment fees, breakup fees, litigation proceeds from transactions not consummated, monitoring fees, consulting fees, directors' fees and other similar fees, in each case paid to PPC or its partners and employees (such fees, "Transaction Fees"), but less any amount necessary to reimburse such parties for all unreimbursed costs and expenses (other than ordinary overhead and administrative expenses) incurred by them in connection with any consummated or unconsummated transactions or in connection with generating any such fees. To the extent that such an offset credit would reduce the Management Fee for a given period below zero, the credit will be carried forward for application against future Management Fees payable in cash, and if a credit remains upon dissolution, a payment will be made to investors that have not elected to waive such amount for tax or other reasons. As described in more detail in the Partnership Agreement of each Fund, the following amounts received by PPC or its partners or employees or the Senior Advisors (as defined below) from a PPC Company are not considered Transaction Fees and therefore do not offset the Management Fee: (i) reimbursements for expenses directly related to such PPC Company or a prospective investment; (ii) payments for services provided to any PPC Company in its ordinary course of business; and (iii) compensation for services provided by such individuals as an employee of or in a similar capacity for, including any secondment or similar arrangement on a full-time or interim basis, or by any Senior Advisor to, such PPC Company or any of its subsidiaries. As a matter of practice, PPC is typically paid fees of the type referred to in the preceding paragraph from, on behalf of or with respect to co-investors or potential co-investors in an investment (including the Pritzker Investors). In certain circumstances, PPC expects that co- investors, lenders, consultants or other parties will negotiate the right to share a portion of such fees from a particular investment, and the above-described offset percentage generally will be applied after excluding any amounts paid to such persons. The portion of any such fees received attributable to amounts co-invested (or on behalf or with respect to any co-investors in a Fund investment), which is expected to be significant, will not reduce the Management Fee payable by any Funds that have also invested in such investment, and as a result a Fund will, in most cases, only benefit with respect to its allocable portion of any such fee and not the portion of any fee that relates to such co-investors. Additionally, as further described below and in the applicable Memorandum and/or Partnership Agreement of each Fund, it is PPC's practice to retain certain senior advisors and/or other similar operating consultants (the "Senior Advisors") to provide services to (or with respect to) certain PPC Companies in which one or more Funds invest. Such Senior Advisors generally receive compensation and other amounts described herein, but no such amounts will result in additional offsets to the Management Fee. For the avoidance of doubt, PPC also will not offset compensation received from outside sources, such as residual employee board seats at entities that are no longer PPC Companies. In exchange for providing non-discretionary investment sub-advisory services to the manager of a legacy portfolio of private equity investments held by the Pritzker Investors, PPC is entitled to receive reimbursement for certain expenses, in addition to a quarterly fee relating to an annual amount adjustable year-to-year by mutual agreement between PPC and the Pritzker Investors.
Carried Interest
The General Partner will receive a carried interest with respect to Fund II equal to 20% of all realized profits subject to an 8% annually compounded preferred return, as more fully described in the Partnership Agreement and Item 6 below. The carried interest distributed to the General Partner is subject to a potential giveback at the end of life of such Funds, as well as certain interim givebacks, if the General Partner has received excess cumulative distributions.
Other Information
The General Partner is permitted, in its sole discretion, to reduce or waive all or a portion of the Management Fee and other fees. PPC is permitted to exempt certain "affiliated partner" investors in the Funds from payment of all or a portion of Management Fees and/or carried interest, including PPC and any other person designated by PPC. For example, neither PPC nor the General Partner receives any Management Fees or carried interest in respect of investors in AI Fund II. Any such exemption from fees and/or carried interest can be made by a direct exemption, a rebate by PPC and/or its affiliates, or through other Funds which co-invest with a Fund. For example, in instances where a PPC professional (or an affiliated entity thereof) invests in a Fund, such professional (or such affiliated entity) generally will be exempt from payment of the Management Fee and carried interest with respect to such Fund. Additionally, to the extent permitted by the relevant Partnership Agreement, PPC has the right to permit investors, affiliated with PPC or otherwise, to invest through the relevant General Partner or other vehicles that do not bear Management Fees or carried interest. PPC also retains flexibility to structure its compensation from investors, including by invoicing an investor directly for Management Fees or other compensation, rather than deducting such amounts from the investor's capital account(s). The Funds generally invest on a long-term basis. Accordingly, investment advisory and other fees are expected to be paid, except as otherwise described in the Partnership Agreement, over the term of the relevant Fund, and investors generally are not permitted to withdraw or redeem interests in the Funds. Principals or other current or former employees of PPC generally receive salaries and other compensation derived from and including portions of the Management Fee, carried interest or other compensation received by PPC or its affiliates.
Fund Expenses
In addition to the Management Fee and carried interest payable to PPC, each Fund bears certain expenses. As set forth more fully in the applicable Memorandum and/or Partnership Agreement of each Fund, to the extent not reimbursed by a PPC Company or applied to reduce Transaction Fees, a Fund bears all expenses relating to such Fund's activities, investments and business, including fees, costs, expenses, liabilities and obligations relating or attributable to the Fund's (and its subsidiaries' and intermediate entities') activities, investments and business, including:
• structuring, organizing, negotiating, consummating, financing, refinancing, diligencing, acquiring, bidding on, owning, managing, monitoring, operating, holding, hedging, restructuring, trading, taking public or private, selling, valuing, winding up, liquidating, dissolving or otherwise disposing of, as applicable, PPC Companies and a Fund's actual and potential investments (including follow-on investments) or seeking to do any of the foregoing (including any associated legal, financing, commitment, transaction or other fees and expenses payable to attorneys, accountants, tax professionals, investment bankers, lenders, third-party diligence software and service providers, consultants and similar professionals in connection therewith, any associated fees and expenses related to subscriptions to periodicals or databases and any fees and expenses related to transactions that have been offered to co-investors), whether or not any contemplated transaction or project is consummated and whether or not such activities are successful;
• indebtedness of, or guarantees made by, a Fund or PPC on behalf of the Fund (including any credit facility, letter of credit or similar credit support), including repayment of principal and interest with respect thereto, or seeking to put in place any such indebtedness or guarantee;
• financing, commitment, origination and similar fees and expenses;
• broker, dealer, finder (including both buy-side and sell-side fees), underwriting (including both commissions and discounts), loan administration, private placement fees, sales commissions, investment banker and similar services;
• brokerage, sale, custodial, depository (including a depositary appointed pursuant to the Alternative Investment Fund Managers Directive (the "AIFMD")), Swiss representative and paying agent (pursuant to the Swiss Collective Investment Schemes Act (as amended) including any law, rule or regulation relating to the implementation thereof), trustee, record keeping, account and similar services;
• legal, accounting, research, auditing, administration (including fees and expenses associated with any third-party administrator and administration, tracking or reporting software), information, appraisal, advisory, valuation (including third-party valuations, appraisals or pricing services), consulting (including consulting and retainer fees and other compensation paid to the Senior Advisors, consultants performing investment initiatives or providing services related to environmental, social and governance investment considerations and policies, consultants providing services relating to portfolio company employment and executive search matters and other similar consultants), tax and other professional services;
• reverse breakup, termination and other similar fees;
• directors and officers liability, errors and omissions liability, crime coverage and general partnership liability premiums and other insurance and regulatory expenses, including any costs and expenses related to any retention or deductibles;
• filing, title, transfer, registration and other similar fees and expenses;
• printing, communications, marketing and publicity;
• the preparation, distribution or filing of Fund-related or investment-related financial statements or other reports, tax returns, tax estimates, Schedule K-1s, other communications with Fund partners, or any other administrative, compliance or regulatory filings or reports (including Form PF), including fees and costs of any third-party service providers and professionals related to the foregoing;
• compliance with the requirements of the AIFMD (excluding, for clarity, the initial and/or preliminary registrations, filings and compliance relating thereto), including fees, costs and expenses of any third-party service providers and professionals related to the foregoing;
• developing, licensing, implementing, maintaining or upgrading any web portal, extranet tools, computer software or other administrative or reporting tools (including subscription-based services) for the benefit of a Fund or its investors;
• any activities with respect to protecting the confidential or non-public nature of a Fund or investor information or data;
• to the extent provided in the relevant Partnership Agreement, or otherwise approved by the General Partner in its sole discretion, activities or proceedings of the Fund advisory board (including any costs and expenses incurred by representatives of PPC, the members of the advisory board, permitted observers and other persons attending or otherwise participating in meetings of the advisory board) and legal counsel engaged by the advisory board to advise them with respect to any matter relating to a Fund, including any right or obligation of the advisory board with respect thereto;
• indemnification (including any fees, costs and expenses incurred in connection with indemnifying any party pursuant to the Partnership Agreement or otherwise and advancing fees, costs and expenses incurred by any such person in defense or settlement of any claim subject to a right of indemnification pursuant to the Partnership Agreement), except as otherwise set forth in the relevant Partnership Agreement;
• actual, threatened or otherwise anticipated litigation, mediation, arbitration or other dispute resolution process, including the costs and expenses of discovery related thereto and any judgment, other award or settlement entered into in connection therewith;
• any annual limited partner meeting or other periodic, if any, meetings of the limited partners, any other conference or meeting with any limited partner(s), and any periodic executive forum of PPC Company management and other persons, in each case to the extent incurred by the Fund or PPC, together with any related costs for venue and items and materials related thereto;
• except as otherwise determined by PPC in its sole discretion, any fee, cost, expense, liability or obligation relating to any alternative investment vehicle or its activities, business, PPC Companies or actual or potential investments (to the extent not borne or reimbursed by a PPC Company of such alternative investment vehicle) that would be a Fund expense if it were incurred in connection with a Fund, and any expenses incurred in connection with the formation, management, operation, termination, winding up and dissolution of any feeder vehicles related to such Fund to the extent not paid by the investors investing in such entities, and any other costs and expenses related to any structuring or restructuring of a Fund and/or its affiliated entities;
• the termination, liquidation, winding up or dissolution of a Fund;
• defaults by investors in the payment of any capital contributions;
• amendments to, and waivers, consents or approvals pursuant to, the constituent documents of a Fund and any alternative investment vehicle of the Fund and, to the extent relating to any of the foregoing persons and/or their respective activities, the constituent documents of the General Partner, the General Partner's general partner and PPC, including the preparation, distribution and implementation thereof;
• (i) complying with any law, regulation or policy related to the activities of a Fund (including any legal fees and expenses related thereto, any regulatory expenses of the General Partner incurred in connection with the operation of a Fund and any costs and expenses related to compliance with any environmental, social and governance investment considerations and policies of the General Partner or a Fund) and/or (ii) any litigation or governmental inquiry, investigation or proceeding involving a Fund, including any costs and expenses of discovery related thereto and the amount of any judgments, settlements or fines paid in connection therewith, except to the extent such expenses or amounts have been determined to be excluded from the indemnification provided for in the relevant Partnership Agreement;
• any litigation or governmental inquiry, investigation or proceeding involving a Fund, including any costs and expenses of discovery related thereto and the amount of any judgments, settlements or fines paid in connection therewith, except as set forth in the relevant Partnership Agreement;
• any third-party experts, including independent appraisers, engaged by the General Partner (to the extent the General Partner deems such an engagement advisable under the circumstances) in connection with a Fund considering, making or holding an investment;
• unreimbursed costs and expenses incurred in connection with any transfer or proposed transfer contemplated by the relevant Partnership Agreement;
• any taxes, fees and other governmental charges levied against a Fund and all expenses incurred in connection with any tax audit, investigation, settlement or review of a Fund;
• distributions to the partners and other expenses associated with the acquisition, holding and disposition of a Fund's investments, including extraordinary expenses;
• unreimbursed expenses and unpaid fees of the Senior Advisors or other persons engaged by the Senior Advisors;
• compliance or regulatory matters related to a Fund, except as otherwise set forth in the relevant Partnership Agreement;
• any travel (including, where appropriate as determined by the General Partner, the cost of using or chartering private aircraft or other private air travel (including the use of a private aircraft owned or partially owned by PPC, any of its affiliates or any of their respective owners) at a cost not to exceed the cost of corresponding first class commercial airfare, as determined by the General Partner), lodging, meals or entertainment relating to any of the foregoing, including in connection with consummated and unconsummated investment and disposition opportunities and after-hours meals and transportation expenses for PPC employees;
• organizational expenses and any most-favored nations process of a Fund;
• any placement fees; and
• any other fees, costs, expenses, liabilities or obligations approved by a Fund's advisory board.
Co-Investment Fees and Expenses
As described above, in certain circumstances, the General Partner is expected to permit certain investors (including the Pritzker Investors) to co-invest in PPC Companies alongside one or more Funds, subject to PPC's related policies and the relevant Partnership Agreement(s) and/or Side Letter(s). Where a co-invest vehicle is formed, such entity generally will bear all or a portion of the expenses related to its formation and operation, many of which are similar in nature to those borne by the Funds. Expenses related to the structuring, formation and operation of any co- investment holding or aggregator vehicle (i.e., any vehicle through which the Funds invest together with any co-investor) generally will be allocated pro rata among the Funds and each co- investor (including the Pritzker Investors, as applicable) participating through such co-investment holding vehicle. In the event that a transaction in which a co-investment was planned, including a transaction for which a co-investment was believed necessary in order to consummate such transaction, ultimately is not consummated, all expenses relating to such unconsummated transaction will be borne by the Funds and the Pritzker Investors, and not by any prospective co- investors, that were to have participated in such transaction.
Senior Advisor Fees and Expenses
As further described herein and in the applicable Memorandum and/or Partnership Agreement of each Fund, it is PPC's practice to retain certain Senior Advisors to provide services to (or with respect to) one or more Funds or certain current or prospective PPC Companies in which one or more Funds invest. Such Senior Advisors generally provide services in relation to the identification, acquisition, holding, improvement and disposition of PPC Companies, including operational aspects of such companies. In certain circumstances, these services also include serving in management or policy-making positions for PPC Companies. As described herein and in the Memorandum, Senior Advisors receive compensation, including, but not limited to, cash fees, finders' fees, retainers, Transaction Fees, a profits or equity interest in a PPC Company, incentive equity, stock awards, profits or equity interests in one or more Funds or the General Partner, remuneration or reimbursement from PPC and/or the Funds or other affiliates. The amount of such compensation typically is determined according to one or more methods, including retainers, minimum annual amounts, the value (including an allocation for overhead and other fixed costs) of such Senior Advisor's time, a percentage of the value of the PPC Company, the invested capital exposed to such PPC Company, amounts believed to be charged by other providers for comparable services and/or a percentage of cash flows from such company. Any costs related to recruiting Senior Advisors also will be borne by the applicable PPC Company (and, therefore, indirectly by the Fund). Senior Advisors also generally will be reimbursed for certain travel and other costs in connection with their services. As described above, no such amounts will offset the Management Fee. The use of Senior Advisors subjects PPC to conflicts of interest, as discussed in Item 8 below. In addition to Senior Advisors, PPC also retains or employs certain persons it designates as "Functional Advisors," who are expected to provide certain services to the Funds, one or more PPC Companies and/or, from time to time, PPC. PPC generally bears the fees, expenses and compensation of its Functional Advisors; however, in certain instances, Functional Advisors are permitted to be seconded to a PPC Company or otherwise receive compensation from the Funds or certain PPC Companies or prospective PPC Companies in connection with performing services for, or serving in certain roles with respect to, such PPC Companies. In those instances, the compensation received by such Functional Advisors will not result in offsets to or reductions of the Management Fee. All travel and other reimbursable expenses incurred by the Functional Advisors in performing services for a PPC Company or prospective PPC Company will be borne by the relevant PPC Company in accordance with established expense reimbursement policies and will not result in offsets to or reductions of the Management Fee.
Other Information
PPC generally has discretion over whether to charge Transaction Fees, monitoring fees or other compensation to a PPC Company and, if so, the rate, timing and/or amount of such compensation, as well as to charge such amounts at varying levels in a PPC Company's holding or operating structure. The receipt of such compensation generally will give rise to potential conflicts of interest between the Funds, on the one hand, and PPC on the other hand. The Funds also bear expenses indirectly to the extent a PPC Company pays expenses, including expenses incurred by PPC on behalf of, and reimbursed by, the PPC Company. In certain cases, these or similar amounts are expected to be charged to PPC Companies, capitalized into the cost basis of a transaction or, to the extent necessary or desirable for operational, administrative, tax or other reasons, charged at the level of an intermediate holding company between the relevant Fund and the PPC Company. Generally included in the expenses permitted to be borne by a Fund are the fees, costs, expenses, liabilities and obligations of legal counsel, consultants and/or other service providers to procure, develop, establish, review, revise, customize, upgrade and/or negotiate relationships relating to the list of fees, costs, expenses, liabilities and obligations permitted to be borne, which generally are expected to be significant. Excluded from Fund expenses are ordinary administrative and overhead expenses of PPC, which generally include employees' salaries and bonuses, rent, utilities and other similar expenses specified in the relevant Partnership Agreement. As is typical for private equity funds, the Funds likely bear additional and greater expenses, directly or indirectly, than many other pooled investment products, such as mutual funds, and there can be no assurance that the benefits to investors will be commensurate with such expenses. To the extent brokerage fees are incurred, they will be incurred in accordance with the general practices set forth in "Brokerage Practices." In certain circumstances, a Fund or PPC expects to pay an expense common to multiple Funds or a Fund and any applicable co-investors (including without limitation legal expenses for a transaction in which all such Funds or co-investors participate, or other fees or expenses in connection with services the benefit of which are received by other Funds over time), and be reimbursed by such other Funds or co-investors by their share of such items, without interest. While PPC believes such circumstances to be highly unlikely, it is possible that one of the other Funds or a co-investor could default on its obligation to reimburse the paying Fund. In certain circumstances, PPC, the relevant General Partner or an affiliate thereof is expected to advance amounts related to the foregoing and receive reimbursement from the Funds or co-investors to which such expenses relate. please register to get more info
A carried interest allocation represents an adviser's compensation based on a percentage of net profits of the investment products it manages. As described in Item 5 above, PPC receives a carried interest allocation on certain realized profits in certain Funds generally equal to 20% of all realized profits subject to an 8% annually compounded preferred return (or hurdle) and subject to reimbursement for all relevant Fund expenses, including Management Fees. The carried interest allocated to a General Partner is subject to a potential giveback if the respective General Partner has received excess cumulative distributions on account of such carried interest. Each Fund's carried interest calculation, as well as related clawback provisions, is further described in the relevant Partnership Agreements. These performance fee arrangements have been structured subject to Section 205(a)(1) of the Advisers Act in accordance with the available exemptions thereunder, including the exemption set forth in Rule 205-3. The General Partner of each Fund, in its sole discretion, has waived or reduced the amount of carried interest for certain investors in such Fund. Specifically, if an investor is a principal, employee, Senior Advisor or otherwise affiliated with PPC, then such individual and his or her respective family members, trusts, and other estate planning vehicles will generally pay reduced carried interest or none at all. The existence of performance-based compensation has the potential to create an incentive for PPC to make more speculative investments on behalf of a Fund than it would otherwise make in the absence of such arrangement, although PPC generally considers performance-based compensation to better align its interests with those of its investors. PPC manages multiple Funds (including investments made by or on behalf of Pritzker Group and other co-investors in such investments for which PPC manages on a non-discretionary basis) with similar investment strategies on a side-by-side basis. As a result, PPC and its related entities can have conflicts of interest in: (i) allocating their time and activity among the multiple Funds and other investment vehicles; (ii) allocating investments among the multiple Funds and other investment vehicles; (iii) effecting transactions among the multiple Funds and other investment vehicles, including ones in which PPC and/or the General Partners have a greater financial interest; and (iv) allocating expenses among such entities. These conflicts of interest can create an incentive for PPC to favor a Fund or other investment vehicle in which it and/or a General Partner have a greater financial interest. PPC's procedures are designed to ensure that all investment decisions are made in accordance with PPC's fiduciary duties to its Funds and without consideration of PPC's (or its affiliates' or employees') pecuniary interest. PPC will not allocate investment opportunities based in whole or in part on (i) the relative fee structure or amount of fees paid by any Fund or (ii) the profitability of any Fund. please register to get more info
PPC provides investment advice solely to its Fund clients, and any reference throughout this Brochure to "clients" and to PPC's related duties to and practices on behalf of its clients and/or investors should be construed accordingly. The Funds include investment partnerships or other investment entities formed under domestic or foreign laws and operated as exempt investment pools under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended. The investors participating in the Funds include individuals, banks or thrift institutions, other investment entities, university endowments, sovereign wealth funds, family offices, pension and profit-sharing plans, trusts, estates or charitable organizations or other corporations or business entities and include, directly or indirectly, principals or other employees of PPC and its affiliates and members of their families, Senior Advisors or other service providers retained by PPC. The Fund generally has a minimum investment amount of $25 million for third-party investors, and interests are offered and sold to qualified purchasers that are also qualified clients or qualified knowledgeable PPC personnel (with the exception of AI Fund II, which generally has a minimum investment amount of $500,000, and is offered and sold only to accredited investors that also are qualified clients). Such minimum investment amounts have in the past and may in the future be waived by PPC. Investors in the Funds must also meet certain other suitability and net worth qualifications prior to making an investment in the Funds. As referenced in Item 4 above, in addition to its contractual commitment with the Pritzker Investors to offer the opportunity to co-invest pro rata alongside Fund II in each PPC Company, to the extent PPC determines in its discretion that the amount of an investment opportunity exceeds the amount appropriate for Fund II, PPC provides co-investment opportunities to other third party co-investors. In certain cases co-investments have been structured either as a direct investment by certain investors into a PPC Company or its holding or operating company. In the case of direct co- investments, PPC does not consider the investment to be a Fund or a client, does not act as the investment manager to the co-investment portion of the investment, does not charge Management Fees or carried interest to the investment, does not have custody of the investment or include the amount of assets of the co-investment in the Firm's regulatory assets under management. In such direct co-investment opportunities, PPC will perform management, advisory and other services for the PPC Companies in which these co-investment vehicles invest alongside the Funds, generally at no cost to such vehicles except expenses. Opportunities to participate in co-investment transactions arise when PPC has the opportunity for an investment in an existing or prospective PPC Company and PPC determines that all or a portion of the applicable opportunity is not required to be offered to, or is not appropriate for, a Fund. Such determinations are based on the provisions of the applicable Partnership Agreements, Side Letters and such other factors as PPC will consider in its sole discretion, including those specified in its policies on investment allocation and co-investments. Subject to any restrictions contained in the Partnership Agreements of the relevant Fund or any Side Letter or other terms negotiated with respect to such Fund, in general no investor has a right to participate in any co-investment opportunity. Opportunities to invest in a PPC Company are made available to select persons or entities, who may or may not be Fund investors, including, without limitation, sponsors, market participants, finders, consultants and other service providers, PPC personnel, certain other persons associated with PPC and the Pritzker Investors. Additionally, certain individuals who source transactions may negotiate co-investment rights or co-investment priority rights as a component of their compensation or other arrangements with the relevant Fund(s). When co-investment opportunities are permitted, it is possible that the size of the investment opportunity otherwise available to the relevant Fund(s) will be less than it would otherwise have been without the inclusion of such co-investors. please register to get more info
General PPC is a private investment firm focused on making control investments in middle-market manufactured products, healthcare and services companies headquartered in North America. PPC's investment advisory services consist of identifying and evaluating investment opportunities, negotiating investments, managing and monitoring investments and achieving dispositions for investments. Investments are predominantly in non-public companies although investments in public companies are permitted under certain circumstances described in more detail in the applicable Memorandum and/or Partnership Agreement of each Fund. PPC is also authorized to make non-control investments in companies that otherwise satisfy PPC's investment criteria. Any such non-control investments are subject to certain minimum size and investment diversification requirements as described in more detail in the applicable Partnership Agreement of each Fund. PPC's investment strategy for the Funds focuses on the acquisition of interests in established middle-market companies within the manufactured products, services and healthcare sectors (the "Target Sectors"). PPC seeks companies within the Target Sectors that offer (or have the potential to offer) distinctive, value-added services or products, have defensible market positions, operate in industries with favorable growth trends and have strong core management teams. PPC intends to pursue transactions involving family or founder liquidity events, management-led buyouts, corporate divestitures and/or industry consolidations. PPC typically looks for investment opportunities within the Target Sectors requiring between $100 and $300 million in capital investment. In the case of any non-control investment, PPC will typically invest or commit to invest at least $75 million of capital on behalf of the Funds and other co-investors (including the Pritzker Investors) in the relevant company. PPC also is permitted to acquire larger companies within the Target Sectors, which opportunities have the potential to provide meaningful additional co-investment opportunities. PPC's sourcing model primarily is designed to identify investment opportunities with the characteristics described above, and where sellers and management teams are aligned with the PPC ownership model, which has the potential to entail a longer investment hold period and a greater focus on long-term value creation relative to other private equity sponsors. PPC also believes that its personnel's prior association with, and PPC's ability to leverage, Pritzker Group contacts and relationships represents an important resource and competitive advantage in consummating the investment opportunities it identifies as attractive for the Funds. Once an investment opportunity has been identified, PPC takes a collaborative approach to systematically review the quality of the opportunity and determine whether it is a good fit for the Funds, including through weekly meetings with PPC's relevant investment and operations personnel. These meetings help PPC validate actionable investment opportunities, garner broad support across the firm for the prospective investment and identify important diligence concerns and areas of focus. The relevant investment team then prepares a comprehensive business download identifying qualitative merits and risks prior to submitting an initial indication of interest in the prospect. If an indication of interest is accepted, the relevant investment team (and other relevant service providers and due diligence reviewers) undertakes a comprehensive due diligence process. Upon the satisfactory completion of the due diligence process, the relevant investment team presents a final presentation to PPC's investment committee, which includes a review of risks and opportunities, suggested transaction terms and a value-creation plan post-transaction closing. If PPC's investment committee unanimously agrees, PPC will pursue the investment opportunity on behalf of the relevant Fund. Post-closing, the relevant investment team also presents to other PPC investment and operating personnel key lessons learned in connection with the transaction to help ensure that PPC is able to continually evolve, improve and consolidate institutional knowledge. There can be no assurance that PPC will achieve the investment objectives of any Fund and a loss of investment is possible.
Investment and Operating Strategy
The PPC strategy from initial investment through exit is exemplified by the following characteristics: (i) leveraging the PPC network and reputation with a preference toward investing in businesses for the long term to attract sellers who care about the direction of their business post-closing; (ii) identifying and supporting a core group of strong senior managers at the PPC Company; (iii) utilize PPC's integrated operating model to implement improvements; (iv) identifying, sourcing and successfully integrating accretive add-on acquisitions; (v) collaborating among PPC Companies to seek new revenue opportunities and identify areas for potential cost savings; and (vi) monitoring the investment for appropriate exit timing without artificial limitations on the hold period. PPC's strategy is aimed at building value at the PPC Companies over time, and anticipates in many cases a longer investment hold period than is common for other private equity funds. Post- acquisition, PPC and its investment and operating personnel work closely with PPC Company management teams to integrate its investment strategy by applying cost-saving and other tested processes with a view towards enhancing PPC Company performance and generating value over the longer-term. Risks of Investment Each Fund and its investors bear the risk of loss that PPC's investment strategy entails. Investors should also refer to the applicable Fund's Partnership Agreement for a description of the risk factors specific to their Fund. Different or new risks not addressed below will likely arise in the future and, therefore, the following list is not intended to be exhaustive. The risks involved with PPC's investment strategy and an investment in a Fund include, but are not limited to: Investments in Private Companies. A Fund's investment portfolio is expected to consist primarily of securities issued by privately held companies, and operating results in a specified period will be difficult to predict. Such investments involve a high degree of business and financial risk that can result in substantial losses. General Concentration of Investments; Lack of Diversification. The Funds are permitted to invest a significant portion of their aggregate commitments in any single PPC Company (including its direct or indirect subsidiaries) and will likely participate in a limited number of overall investments within the Funds' Target Sectors and investment criteria. If a Fund co-invests with another Fund, an investor in such other Fund has the potential to be exposed to a single PPC Company through more than one Fund, potentially multiplying such investor's losses. Given the prior experience of the PPC investment team in certain core industries and the structural requirements of operating the Funds, it is possible that a Fund will seek to make investments in a single industry segment, in a limited geographic area, in a single asset type and/or within a short period of time, which could create the conditions for a portfolio of investments that exhibit, amongst themselves, a very high degree of correlated returns. As a result of the foregoing, a Fund's investment portfolio could become highly concentrated, and the performance of a few holdings or of a particular industry, or the timing of a Fund's investments, has the potential to substantially affect such Fund's aggregate return. In particular, a Fund's investments are expected to be concentrated in the manufactured products, services and/or healthcare sectors. Instability, fluctuation or an overall decline within such sectors likely will not be offset by investments in other sectors and/or industries not similarly affected, which has the potential to negatively impact returns to investors. In addition to the foregoing, because a Fund is expected to only make a limited number of investments and such investments generally will involve a high degree of risk, poor performance by even a single investment could materially affect total returns. If certain investments perform unfavorably, then in order for a Fund to achieve attractive returns, one or more of its other investments must perform very well, and there can be no assurance that this will occur. Unspecified Investments. Investors will be relying on the ability of PPC to locate and evaluate the investments to be made by the Funds. The business of identifying, structuring, completing and realizing private equity investments involves a high degree of uncertainty and is subject in some cases to the prevailing capital market, regulatory or political environment. There can be no assurance that PPC will be able to identify, or the Funds will be able to complete, portfolio investments that satisfy a Fund's rate of return objectives or, if completed, realize such investments for fair or attractive values, or that a Fund will be able fully to invest its committed capital. Lack of Sufficient Investment Opportunities. The business of identifying, structuring and completing private equity transactions is highly competitive. The Funds will encounter competition from other entities having similar investment objectives. Potential competitors include other investment funds, single or multi-family offices and other high net worth individuals, strategic industry acquirers and other financial investors. Over the past several years, an ever-increasing number of investment funds have been formed, and many fund sponsors have increased the size of successor funds as compared to their corresponding prior funds. Other investment funds with similar investment objectives to the Funds likely will be formed in the future by other unrelated parties. Some of the Funds' competitors for investment opportunities will have more relevant experience, greater financial resources, a greater willingness to take on risk, and/or more personnel than PPC, the Funds and their respective affiliates. In this highly competitive environment, the valuations of many potential target companies have recently risen to historically high levels as measured by multiples of EBITDA. PPC expects that competition for appropriate investment opportunities will remain high or increase, which while not expected, has the potential to increase the likelihood that a Fund will participate in auctions for investments, the outcome of which cannot be guaranteed. As a result, it is possible that the Funds can experience difficulty identifying and consummating investments. To the extent that a Fund encounters significant competition for investments, returns to investors will potentially be negatively affected. In addition, it is possible that the Funds will never be fully invested if enough sufficiently attractive investments are not identified and consummated. Regardless of the extent that investors' Commitments are invested (or drawn down to be invested), investors will be required to bear Management Fees during the investment period of a Fund based on the entire amount of investors' Commitments and other expenses as set forth in the Partnership Agreement. Investment Timeline. The Funds' investment strategy is expected to be implemented according to a longer and more stable timeline than many private equity funds, as a result, it will likely from time to time pass on or delay pursuing investment opportunities on behalf of a Fund that it determines to be unsuited for its preferred pace of capital deployment across the investment period. Although PPC intends to pursue on behalf of the Funds all suitable investment opportunities consistent with the investment objectives, criteria and other terms described herein, in certain cases, this pace of deployment can result in a Fund foregoing additional gains or incurring additional losses. Illiquidity; Lack of Current Distributions. An investment in a Fund should be viewed as illiquid. It is uncertain as to when profits, if any, will be realized. Losses on unsuccessful investments can be realized before gains on successful investments. While it is possible for a PPC Company to be sold at any time, it is generally expected that such a sale will not occur until a number of years after a Fund's initial investment in such PPC Company, and such Fund generally will not be able to realize a profit on an investment in a PPC Company until its sale. Before such time, there will be no current return on such investment, and the expenses of operating such Fund (including the Management Fee) can exceed such Fund's income, thereby requiring that the difference be paid from such Fund's capital (including the aggregate unfunded Commitments). A Fund's ability to dispose of investments would likely be limited for several reasons, including the absence of an established market for such investments, as well as contractual and other limitations on transfer or other restrictions that would interfere with subsequent sales of such investments or adversely affect the terms upon which a disposition could be made. Any possibility of a disposition in the public markets will depend upon favorable market conditions, including receptiveness to initial or secondary public offerings for the companies in which the Funds invest and an active mergers and acquisitions (or recapitalizations and reorganizations) market, among other factors. Valuation of Investments. There is no established market for the interests in the PPC Companies held by the Funds and there may not be any comparable companies for which public market valuations exist. Because there is significant uncertainty as to the valuation of illiquid investments, there can be no guarantee that the values of such investments will necessarily reflect the values that could be realized by the Funds. Under certain conditions the Funds may be forced to sell investments at lower prices than it had expected to realize or defer sales that it had planned to make. In addition, under limited circumstances, it is possible that PPC will not have access to all material information relevant to a valuation analysis with respect to an investment. As a result, the valuation of the Funds' investments, and as a result the valuation of the interests themselves, would be based on imperfect information and is subject to inherent uncertainties. Valuations will generally not be audited or verified by any third-party service provider. Leveraged Investments; Borrowing. The Funds make use of leverage by incurring or causing certain PPC Companies to incur debt to finance a portion of such Fund's investments in such PPC Companies, including in respect of PPC Companies not rated by credit agencies. Leverage generally magnifies both a Fund's opportunity for higher returns and its risk of loss from a particular investment, and the magnification of the risk of loss has the potential to be substantial. The use of leverage by a PPC Company has the potential to impose restrictive financial and operating covenants, in addition to the burden of debt service, and could therefore impair its ability to operate its business as desired and/or finance future operations and capital needs. Such leverage will increase a PPC Company's exposure to any deterioration in its industry, competitive pressures, adverse economic environment or rising interest rates. As a result, any decline in the value of a leveraged PPC Company would likely be accelerated and magnified in a market downturn. In the event that a PPC Company cannot generate adequate cash flow to meet its debt service, the applicable Fund would suffer a partial or total loss of capital invested in such PPC Company, which could adversely affect such Fund's returns. Additionally, in such a situation, lenders would typically have a claim that has priority over any claim by such Fund to the assets of such PPC Company in an insolvency event or proceeding. The cost and availability of leverage is highly dependent on the state of the broader credit markets (which is impacted by regulatory restrictions and guidelines), which state is difficult to accurately forecast, and at times it can be difficult for PPC Companies to obtain or maintain the desired degree of leverage. The availability of leverage also is subject to governmental and regulatory oversight, and certain governmental bodies (including the U.S. Federal Reserve System, the U.S. Office of the Comptroller of the Currency and the U.S. Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation) can restrict or otherwise discourage lending that results in companies carrying large amounts of debt. Should the credit markets be limited or costly at the time a Fund determines that it is desirable to sell all or a portion of a PPC Company, it is possible that such Fund may not achieve an exit multiple or enterprise valuation consistent with its forecasts for such PPC Company. If a PPC Company is unable to obtain favorable financing terms for its investments, refinance its indebtedness or maintain a desired or optimal level of financial leverage, the applicable Fund would likely hold a larger-than-expected equity investment in such PPC Company and may realize lower-than-expected returns from such PPC Company, which would likely adversely affect such Fund's returns. Any failure by lenders to provide previously committed financing could also expose the Funds to potential claims by sellers of prospective PPC Companies which the Fund may have been contracted to purchase. The Funds also from time to time intend to borrow money or guaranty indebtedness (such as a guaranty of a PPC Company's debt, a letter of credit or other forms of promise to provide funding) or otherwise be liable therefor. In such circumstances where a Fund guarantees a PPC Company's debt and the Pritzker Investors are co-investing in such PPC Company, it is expected that the Pritzker Investors will enter into one or more agreements with the applicable Fund(s) to provide a right of contribution, subrogation or reimbursement relating to their pro rata share of the liability guaranteed by such Fund(s), based on the amount of the initial equity investment allocation made by PPC among the Funds and the Pritzker Investors in the PPC Company. Other third-party co-investors generally are not expected to agree to be subject to such agreements or obligations, and the Pritzker Investors will not be required to further guarantee PPC Company liabilities beyond the pro rata apportionment determined in connection with the initial equity investment allocation. In such cases, third-party co-investors (and to the extent they co-invest additional capital, the Pritzker Investors) are expected to benefit from any applicable PPC Company loans guaranteed by the Funds and the Pritzker Investors without an obligation to act as a guarantor. In such situations, it is expected that neither the Funds nor the Pritzker Investors would be compensated for providing such guarantee or exposure to such liability. Any use of leverage by the Fund can result in interest expense and other costs to the Fund that have the potential to exceed distributions or other income to the Fund or appreciation of its investments. Additionally, the Funds can incur leverage on a joint and several basis with one or more other Funds, and, in connection with incurring such indebtedness, PPC retains the right, in its sole discretion, to cause a Fund to enter into one or more agreements to obtain a right of contribution, subrogation or reimbursement from or against such entities. However, it is possible that, if and when a Fund were to seek to enforce any such right, any such entity could default on its obligation and/or such right could otherwise be unenforceable. To the extent that a Fund incurs leverage or provides any guaranty, such amounts are typically secured by such Fund's Commitments and other Fund assets. The inability of a Fund to repay any leverage secured by the Fund Commitments could enable a lender to issue a capital call on behalf of the General Partner of such Fund. Although borrowings by a Fund have the potential to enhance overall returns that exceed the Fund's cost of capital, such borrowings increase the potential exposure of a Fund to a particular investment above the level the Fund would have typically made had an investment been limited to equity. Any such borrowings would further diminish returns (or increase losses on capital) to the extent overall returns are less than the Fund's cost of funds. To the extent a Fund uses borrowed funds in advance or in lieu of capital contributions or a PPC Company borrows funds directly through the Fund facility, the Fund's investors generally make later capital contributions, but the Fund will bear the expense of interest on such borrowed funds. In addition, a Fund's use of borrowed funds has the potential to impact the calculation of net performance metrics (to the extent that they measure investor cash flows) and may make net IRR calculations higher than they otherwise would be without Fund-level borrowing (especially where financing remains outstanding for longer durations), as these calculations generally depend on the amount and timing of capital contributions which timing is delayed by virtue of the use of the financing facility. While a Fund will bear the expense of borrowed funds, such borrowings can also increase the carried interest received by the Fund's General Partner by effectively reducing or eliminating the preferred return received by the investors and accelerating or increasing distributions of carried interest to the relevant General Partner. The General Partner therefore has a potential conflict of interest in deciding whether to borrow funds because the General Partner has the potential to receive disproportionate benefits from such borrowings. Conflicts of interest also have the potential to arise to the extent a financing facility is used to make an investment that is later sold in part to co-investors, as to the extent co-investors are not required to act as guarantors under the relevant facility or pay related costs or expenses, co-investors nevertheless stand to receive the benefit of the use of the facility and neither the relevant Fund nor investors generally will be compensated for providing the relevant guarantee(s) or being subject to the related costs, expenses and/or liabilities. Uncertainty of Projections. The Funds use financial projections to help analyze a potential investment, future capital raises and financing for PPC Companies, or for other transactions. In general, projected operating results of a PPC Company will be based primarily on financial projections prepared by such PPC Company's management, with adjustments to such projections made by the relevant General Partner in its discretion. In all cases, projections are only estimates of future results that are based upon information received from a PPC Company and third parties and assumptions made at the time the projections are developed. Also, general economic factors, which are not predictable, can have a material effect on the reliability of projections. The inaccuracy of certain assumptions, the failure to satisfy certain financial requirements and the occurrence of other unforeseen events could impair the ability of a PPC Company to realize projected values. There can be no assurance that the results set forth in any projections will be attained, and actual results can differ significantly from projections. Changes in Investment Focus. The Funds are not restricted in terms of the percentage of its capital that can be invested in a particular industry. Many factors can contribute to changes in emphasis in the construction of a Fund's portfolio of investments, including changes in market or economic conditions or regulation as they affect various industries and changes in the political or social situations in particular countries. There can be no assurance that the actual investment portfolio of the Funds will resemble the portfolio originally contemplated. Dynamic Investment Strategy. While PPC generally intends to seek attractive returns for the Funds primarily through making investments of the type described herein, PPC is permitted to pursue additional investment strategies and can modify or depart from its initial investment strategy, investment process and investment techniques as it determines appropriate. PPC reserves the right to pursue investments outside of the industries and sectors in which it has previously made investments or has internal operational experience. Non-Control Investments. The Funds intend from time to time to invest in non-controlling interests in one or more operating companies and, therefore, expect to have limited ability to control or influence the management and operations of the relevant companies. Similarly, the Funds intend to co-invest with third parties through joint ventures or other entities, thereby acquiring non-controlling interests in certain investments. In such cases, the Funds must rely on the existing management team and governing bodies of such companies, which generally will include representation of other financial investors with whom neither PPC nor the Funds are affiliated and whose interests may conflict with the interests of the Funds. Moreover, in the case where the Funds co-invest, such investments typically will involve risks not present in investments where a third party is not involved, including the possibility that a third-party partner has economic or business interests or goals which are inconsistent with those of the Funds, or will be in a position to take action contrary to the Funds' investment objectives. In addition, the Funds can, under certain circumstances, be held liable for the actions of its third-party partners. While PPC generally expects to obtain appropriate minority shareholder rights with respect to any non-control investment made on behalf of the Funds interests to the extent possible, there can be no assurance that such minority shareholder rights will be available or that such rights will provide sufficient protection of the Funds' interests. Risks in Effecting Operating Improvements. The success of the Funds' investment strategy is likely to depend, in part, on the ability of the Funds to effect improvements in the operations of certain PPC Companies. Identifying and implementing operating improvements at PPC Companies entails a high degree of uncertainty. In addition, executing operational improvements can, on occasion, divert the attention of key PPC Company personnel and disrupt normal business. There can be no assurance that the Funds will be able to successfully identify and implement such improvements. Non-U.S. Operations and Investments. While the Funds intend to make investments in PPC Companies headquartered or with principal places of business located in North America, any acquired PPC Company may have substantial sales or operations outside of the United States and its territories and possessions. Investments in non-U.S. securities or instruments, or investments with a substantial non-U.S. component, involve certain considerations not typically associated with investing in U.S. securities and instruments, including risks relating to (i) currency exchange matters (including fluctuations in the rate of exchange between the U.S. Dollar and the various non-U.S. currencies in which the Fund's non-U.S. investments are denominated (including risks associated with potentially rapid inflation), and costs associated with conversion of investment principal and income from one currency into another); (ii) exposure to fluctuations in interest rates payable with respect to the instruments in which the Funds invest; (iii) differences in conventions relating to documentation, settlement, corporate actions, stakeholder rights and other matters; (iv) differences between the U.S. and non-U.S. securities markets (including potential price volatility in, and relative illiquidity of, certain non-U.S. securities markets); (v) the absence of uniform accounting, auditing, and financial reporting standards, practices and disclosure requirements, and less or more government supervision and regulation; (vi) certain economic, social and political risks (including potential exchange control regulations, restrictions on non-U.S. investment and repatriation of capital, and the risks of political, economic, governmental or social instability (including the risk of sovereign defaults, regulatory change, and the possibility of expropriation or confiscatory taxation)); (vii) the possible imposition of non-U.S. taxes on income, gains and gross sales or other proceeds recognized with respect to non-U.S. securities or instruments; (viii) the application of complex U.S. and non-U.S. tax rules to cross- border investments; (ix) possible non-U.S. tax return filing requirements for the Funds and/or certain investors; (x) differing and potentially less well-developed or well-tested corporate laws regarding stakeholder rights, creditors' rights (including the rights of secured parties), fiduciary duties and the protection of investors; (xi) differences in the legal and regulatory environment (including enhanced legal and regulatory compliance); (xii) political hostility to investments by foreign or private equity investors; and (xiii) less publicly available information. Additionally, the Funds will perhaps be less influential than other market participants in jurisdictions where it or PPC does not have a significant presence, and it expects to have greater difficulty enforcing its legal rights in a non-U.S. jurisdiction. It is possible that the Funds will be subject to additional risks, which include possible adverse political and economic developments, possible seizure or nationalization of foreign deposits and possible adoption of governmental restrictions which would adversely affect the payment of principal and interest to investors located outside the country of the issuer, whether from currency blockage or otherwise. Furthermore, certain of the Fund's investments may be subject to brokerage taxes levied by non-U.S. governments, the effect of which would be to increase the cost of such an investment and reduce the realized gain (or increase the realized loss) on such an investment at the time of its disposition. While PPC intends, where it deems appropriate, to manage the Funds in a manner that will minimize exposure to the foregoing risks (although PPC does not expect to, in the ordinary course, hedge currency risks) and to take these factors into consideration in making investment decisions for the Funds, there can be no assurance that adverse developments with respect to such risks will not adversely affect the assets of the Funds that are held in certain non- U.S. jurisdictions. Non-U.S. Currency Risks. Although the Funds' investments are expected to be U.S. Dollar- denominated, any investment that is denominated in a non-U.S. currency would be subject to the risk that the value of the particular currency in which such investment is denominated will change in relation to one or more other currencies, including the U.S. Dollar, which is the currency in which the books of the Funds are kept and contributions and distributions generally will be made. Among the factors that can affect currency values are: trade balances between nations; short-term interest rates; variations in the relative value of similar assets in different currencies; long-term opportunities for investment and capital appreciation; and political developments. The Funds and/or the PPC Companies expect to incur costs in converting investment proceeds from one currency to another. PPC is permitted to, but it is under no obligation to, employ hedging techniques to manage currency exchange exposure, although there can be no assurance that such techniques will be effective. Interests in the Funds are denominated in U.S. Dollars, and prospective investors in any country in which U.S. Dollars are not the local currency should note that changes in the exchange rate between the U.S. Dollar and such local currency may have an adverse effect on the value, price or income of an investment in a Fund. Foreign exchange regulations are often applicable to investments in certain jurisdictions. Any fees, costs and expenses incurred by a non-U.S. investor in converting its local currency to U.S. Dollars in order to make capital contributions to a Fund will be borne solely by such non-U.S. investor, will be in addition to the amounts required to be contributed, and will not be part of a Fund Commitment of such non-U.S. investor. Need for Follow-on Investments. Following its initial investment in a PPC Company, a Fund will often determine to provide additional funds or otherwise increase its investment in such PPC Company (whether for opportunistic reasons, to fund the needs of the business, as an equity cure under applicable debt documents or for other reasons). There can be no assurance that a Fund will make follow-on investments or that a Fund will have sufficient funds to make all or any of such investments. Any determination by a Fund to not make a follow-on investment or its inability to make a follow-on investment can have a substantial negative effect on a PPC Company in need of such follow-on investment (including an event of default under applicable debt documents in the event an equity cure cannot be made). Additionally, such determination or inability has the potential to result in a lost opportunity for a Fund to increase its participation in a successful PPC Company or the dilution of a Fund's ownership in a PPC Company to the extent that a third party invests in such PPC Company. Risks of Extended Term. The term of the Funds and the holding period for its PPC Company investments are expected to be longer than those of many other private equity funds. As a result, certain risks that are generally associated with an investment in a private equity fund have the potential to be heightened in respect of an investment in the Funds. For example, it is possible that an investment in the Funds will be illiquid for a longer period, Management Fees will be payable for a longer period and/or in a greater aggregate amount, and PPC Companies will be more likely to experience employee and/or management turnover during a Fund's holding period with respect thereto, in each case as compared to many other private equity funds. Economic and Market Conditions. The state of the private equity industry, generally, and the success of the Funds' investment activities, specifically, will be affected by general economic and market conditions, as well as by changes in laws, currency exchange controls, and U.S. and global political and socioeconomic circumstances. Such factors are unpredictable and cannot be controlled by PPC. Conditions such as financial market volatility, illiquidity and/or decline, a generally unstable economic environment (including as a result of a slowdown in economic growth and/or changes in interest rates or foreign exchange rates) and/or a deterioration in the capital markets can negatively impact the availability of attractive investment opportunities for the Funds, the Funds' ability to make investments, the availability of funding to support the Funds' investment objectives, the performance and/or valuation of the Funds' investments, and/or the Funds' ability to dispose of investments. In addition, such conditions can impact the public market comparable earnings multiples that are frequently used to value privately held PPC Companies and investors' risk-free rate of return. In such an environment, a Fund can be more likely to pay reverse break-up, termination or other fees and expenses in the event that a Fund is not able to close a transaction (whether due to lenders' unwillingness to provide previously committed financing or otherwise) and/or the inability of the Fund to dispose of investments at prices PPC believes reflect the fair value of such investments. Such conditions could result in substantial or total losses to a Fund in respect of certain investments, which losses will likely be exacerbated by the presence of leverage in a PPC Company's capital structure. Enhanced Scrutiny of Private Equity Industry; Potential Regulatory Changes. Certain media, regulatory and political discourse has been and continues to be focused on enhancing governmental scrutiny and/or increasing regulation of the private equity industry. The combination of such discourse and the public perception that certain alternative asset managers (including private equity firms) may have contributed to the 2008 global financial crisis has the potential to negatively impact the Funds' efforts to structure, consummate and/or exit investments, both in general and relative to competitors outside of the alternative asset space. As a result, the Funds could, in some cases, make fewer investments, incur greater expenses or delays in completing or exiting investments, and/or realize lower proceeds on the disposition of investments than it otherwise would have. Moreover, any such enhancement of scrutiny or increase in regulation may adversely impact the Funds' activities (including the Funds' ability to implement PPC Company operating improvements, comply with applicable law and regulation in a manner not materially more burdensome than currently anticipated, or otherwise execute its investment strategy or achieve its investment objectives). Deterioration of Credit Markets. The ability of the Funds and the PPC Companies to effectively execute their respective strategies will be dependent on the health of the U.S. and global credit markets. In the event that, as a result of an economic downturn or otherwise, credit markets deteriorate and it becomes more difficult for investment funds such as the Funds to obtain favorable financing for investments, the Funds' ability to consummate investments will potentially be adversely affected, an effect of which is likely to be a slower-than-anticipated rate of capital deployment by the Funds. A persistent credit market deterioration can result in limited availability of credit to consumers, homeowners and/or businesses, which can lead to an overall weakening of the U.S. economy and/or global economies. In such a situation, it is possible that PPC Company performance would decline and/or the value of PPC Companies be diminished. As a result, the Funds' ability to realize its investments at favorable times and/or for favorable prices can be negatively impacted, which also can result in longer-than-anticipated holding periods for investments. Accordingly, a deterioration in credit markets can negatively affect the Funds' ability to achieve its investment objectives and/or generate attractive returns for investors. Healthcare Regulation and Reimbursement. Healthcare and healthcare-related companies are generally subject to greater governmental regulation than most other industries at the U.S. federal, state and local levels, and internationally. In recent years, both local and national governmental budgets have come under pressure to reduce spending and control healthcare costs, which could both adversely affect regulatory processes and public funding available for healthcare products, services and facilities. In March 2010, comprehensive healthcare reform legislation was enacted in the United States through the U.S. Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, as amended by the U.S. Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act (collectively, the "Health Care Reform Act"). These laws are intended to increase health insurance coverage through individual and employer mandates, subsidies offered to lower income individuals, tax credits available to smaller employers and broadening of Medicaid eligibility. While one intent of healthcare reform is to expand health insurance coverage to more individuals, it can also involve additional regulatory mandates and other measures designed to constrain medical costs, including coverage and reimbursement for healthcare services. The Health Care Reform Act has had a significant impact on the healthcare sector in the United States and consequently has the ability to affect the companies within the healthcare industry. There currently is uncertainty surrounding the future of the Health Care Reform Act and whether it will be repealed and replaced or otherwise modified, and any decisions with respect to the Health Care Reform Act likely will have a significant impact on the healthcare industry and the healthcare companies in which the Fund may invest. The ultimate effects of U.S. federal healthcare reform or any future legislation or regulation, or healthcare initiatives, if any, on the healthcare sector, including the modification or repeal of the Health Care Reform Act (whether in whole or in part), whether implemented at the U.S. federal, state or local level, or internationally, cannot be predicted with certainty and such reform, legislation, regulation or initiatives, including the Health Care Reform Act, may adversely affect the performance of the Fund's investments. Governmental and Third-Party Payors. In both U.S. and non-U.S. markets, sales of a healthcare company's products and its success will depend in part on the availability of reimbursement from third-party payors such as government health administration authorities and private health insurers. The revenues and profitability of healthcare companies can be affected by the efforts of governmental and third-party payors to contain or reduce the costs of healthcare. In addition, significant uncertainty exists as to the reimbursement status of newly approved healthcare products. There can be no assurance that a healthcare company's proposed products will be considered cost effective or that adequate third-party reimbursement will be available to enable such healthcare company to maintain price levels sufficient to realize an appropriate return on its investment in product development. Healthcare Research and Innovation. Changes in governmental policies can have a material effect on the demand for or costs of certain products and services. A healthcare or healthcare-related company must receive government approval before introducing new drugs and medical devices or procedures. This process can delay the introduction of these products and services to the marketplace, resulting in increased development costs, delayed cost recovery and loss of competitive advantage to the extent that rival companies have developed competing products or procedures, adversely affecting the company's revenues and profitability. Failure to obtain governmental approval of a key drug or device or other regulatory action could have a material adverse effect on the business of a PPC Company. Moreover, expansion of facilities by healthcare-related providers is subject to "determinations of need" by the appropriate government authorities. This process not only increases the time and cost involved in these expansions, but also makes expansion plans uncertain, limiting the revenue and profitability growth potential of healthcare-related facilities operators. In addition, research findings (e.g., regarding side effects or comparative benefits of one or more particular treatments, services or products) and technological innovation (together with patent expirations) can make any particular treatment, service or product less attractive if previously unknown or underappreciated risks are revealed, or if a more effective, less costly or less risky solution is or becomes available. Any such development could have a material adverse effect on the companies in which the Funds invest. Healthcare Company Patents. Certain healthcare and healthcare-related companies depend on the exclusive rights or patents for the products they develop and distribute. Patents have a limited duration and, upon expiration, other companies can market substantially similar "generic" products that are typically sold at a lower price than the patented product, causing the original developer of the product to lose market share and/or reduce the price charged for the product, resulting in lower profits for the original developer. As a result, the expiration of patents can adversely affect the profitability of these companies. Labor Relations. Certain PPC Companies have a unionized work force or employees who are covered by a collective bargaining agreement, which could subject any such PPC Company's activities and labor relations matters to complex laws and regulations relating thereto. Moreover, a PPC Company's operations and profitability could suffer if it experiences labor relations challenges. Upon the expiration of any such collective bargaining agreement, a PPC Company may be unable to negotiate a new collective bargaining agreement on terms favorable to it, and its business operations at one or more of its facilities may be interrupted as a result of labor disputes or difficulties and delays in the process of renegotiating such collective bargaining agreement. A work stoppage at one or more such facility could have a material adverse effect on such PPC Company's business and financial condition. In addition, any such issues have the potential to bring scrutiny and attention to such Fund itself, which could adversely affect the Fund's ability to implement its investment objectives. Unfunded Pension Liabilities of PPC Companies. Recent court decisions have found that, where an investment fund owns 80% or more (or under certain circumstances, less than 80%) of a PPC Company, such fund and any other 80%-owned PPC Companies of such fund might be found liable for certain pension liabilities of such a PPC Company to the extent the PPC Company is unable to satisfy such liabilities. Although the Funds generally intend to manage their investments to minimize any such exposure, there is a possibility that the Funds will, from time to time, make an investment in a PPC Company that has unfunded pension fund liabilities, and such an investment will be structured in a manner that results in the Funds or the Funds a group of related investors acting in concert owning an 80% or greater interest in such PPC Company. If the Funds and/or any other 80%-owned PPC Companies of the Fund were deemed to be liable for such pension liabilities, such Fund and the PPC Companies could be adversely affected. Investment in Junior Securities. The securities in which the Funds will invest may be among the most junior in a PPC Company's capital structure and, thus, subject to the greatest risk of loss. Generally, there will be no collateral to protect a Fund's investments once made. Litigation. The transactional nature of the Funds' business exposes the Funds and PPC generally to the risk of third-party litigation. Accordingly, in the ordinary course of its business, such persons and entities expect to be subject to litigation from time to time. Under the Partnership Agreements, the Funds generally will be responsible for indemnifying the General Partners and certain other persons and entities for costs they are likely to incur with respect to such litigation not covered by insurance. The outcome of litigation proceedings can adversely affect the value of a Fund in a material manner, and such litigation can continue without resolution for extended periods of time. Additional regulation could also increase the risks of third-party litigation. Any litigation carries the potential to consume substantial amounts of PPC's time and attention, and such time and attention, as well as the devotion of other resources, spent in connection with such litigation can, at times, be disproportionate to the amounts at stake in such litigation. Multi-Step Transactions. In the event a Fund determines to effect an investment in a PPC Company by means of a multi-step transaction (e.g., a first-step cash tender offer, a stock purchase followed by a merger, or a simultaneous acquisition and concurrent merger of two separate companies), there can be no assurance that, following one or more initial steps, the remainder of such investment will be successfully consummated. As a result, such Fund would generally be expected to acquire less control over such a PPC Company or less access to its cash flows to service any debt incurred in connection with its acquisition, in each case relative to what PPC originally intended. Lack of Co-Investment Availability. The Funds' investment strategy relies significantly on the use of co-investors, including the Pritzker Investors, and in certain cases, other third-party co- investors. To the extent that PPC has identified an investment opportunity that would otherwise be suitable for a Fund, but PPC is unable to identify a sufficient number of third-party co- investors, or the co-investors identified do not have sufficient capital available to co-invest in such opportunity, PPC will, in some cases, pass on or delay pursuing such opportunity, and the Fund would therefore miss out on additional gains or incur additional losses. A default or failure to fund by a co-investor would be expected to have a similar detrimental effect. Reliance on PPC Company Management. The success of many of the PPC Companies will be heavily dependent on the management of such PPC Companies. In general, the management team of each PPC Company will be responsible for its day-to-day operations. Additionally, the capital structure of the PPC Companies generally will be determined on the basis of financial projections, which will be based in significant part on input from PPC Company management teams. Although PPC will be responsible for monitoring the performance of each PPC Company, and the Funds generally intend to invest in PPC Companies with strong management or otherwise recruit strong management to PPC Companies, there can be no assurance that a PPC Company's management team will be able or willing to successfully operate a PPC Company in accordance with a Fund's objectives. It is possible that a PPC Company will need to attract, retain and develop executives and members of their management teams. The market for executive talent during life of a Fund can be highly competitive. There can be no assurance that the management team of a PPC Company on the date of a Fund's investment in such PPC Company will remain the same or continue to be affiliated with such PPC Company throughout the period in which such PPC Company is held by a Fund. There can be no assurance that any PPC Company will be able to attract, develop, integrate and retain suitable members of its management team. Early Termination of the Investment Period; Early Dissolution of the Funds. Pursuant to and in accordance with the terms of each Fund's Partnership Agreement, it is possible that the investment period could be cancelled earlier than anticipated and/or a Fund may be dissolved earlier than anticipated. In each case, a Fund's ability to consummate, manage and/or dispose of investments or otherwise achieve its investment objectives is likely to be negatively affected. In the case of early dissolution, a Fund would likely be required to dispose of investments at a disadvantageous time and/or make in-kind distributions, resulting in investors not having their capital invested and/or deployed in the manner originally contemplated. Investments Longer than Term. It is possible that one or more Fund investments will not be disposed of prior to such Fund's dissolution. Although PPC generally expects that investments will be disposed of prior to a Fund's dissolution or will be suitable for in-kind distribution at the time of such Fund's dissolution, PPC has a limited ability to extend the term of a Fund, and it is possible that a Fund will be required to sell, distribute or otherwise dispose of investments at a disadvantageous time as a result of its dissolution. To the extent that such investments are held in trust in connection with a Fund's dissolution, such trusts would likely incur operating and formation expenses. In addition, there can be no assurance with respect to the timeframe in which a Fund's winding up and final distribution to investors will occur. Cyber Security Risk and Identity Theft. The Funds, the PPC Companies, their service providers and other market participants increasingly depend on complex information technology systems and communications systems to conduct business functions. These information and technology systems are subject to a number of different threats or risks that could adversely affect the Funds and their investors, despite the efforts of PPC and its service providers to adopt technologies, processes and practices intended to mitigate these risks and protect the security of their computer systems, software, networks and other technology assets, as well as the confidentiality, integrity and availability of information belonging to the Funds and their investors. For example, these systems may be subject to damage or interruption from computer viruses, network failures, computer and telecommunication failures, infiltration by unauthorized persons and security breaches, usage errors by their respective professionals, power outages and catastrophic events (including fires, tornadoes, floods, hurricanes and earthquakes). Third parties may also attempt to fraudulently induce employees, customers, third-party service providers or other users of such systems to disclose sensitive information in order to gain access to PPC's data or that of Fund investors. To the extent that a PPC Company is subject to cyber-attack or other unauthorized access is gained to a PPC Company's systems, such PPC Company has the potential to be subject to substantial losses in the form of stolen, lost or corrupted: (i) customer data or payment information; (ii) customer or PPC Company financial information; (iii) PPC Company software, contact lists or other databases; (iv) PPC Company proprietary information or trade secrets; or (v) other items. In certain events, a PPC Company's failure or deemed failure to address and mitigate cybersecurity risks could be the subject of civil litigation or regulatory or other action. Any of such circumstances has the potential to subject a PPC Company, or the Funds, to substantial losses. In addition, in the event that such a cyber-attack or other unauthorized access is directed at PPC or one of its affiliates or service providers holding its financial or investor data, PPC, its affiliates or a Fund may also be at risk of loss. Although PPC has implemented various measures to manage risks relating to these types of events, if such a system is compromised, becomes inoperable for an extended period of time or ceases to function properly, PPC, the Funds and/or a PPC Company may be required to spend time and/or incur significant expense seeking to fix or replace such system or otherwise remedy the effects of such issues. The successful penetration or circumvention of the security of these systems and/or disaster recovery plan for any reason can cause significant interruptions in PPC's, the Funds' and/or a PPC Company's operations and result in a failure to maintain the security, confidentiality or privacy of sensitive data (including personal information relating to investors and/or the beneficial owners of investors) and proprietary and/or confidential information relating to PPC Companies, the inability to access electronic systems, loss or theft of proprietary information or corporate data, physical damage to a computer or network system and costs associates with system repairs. Such a failure could harm the reputation of PPC, the Funds, the PPC Companies, an investor or a beneficial owner of an investor, subject such persons to legal claims, compliance costs, or otherwise affect their businesses and financial performance of such persons. In addition, PPC may incur substantial costs related to forensic analysis of the origin and scope of a cybersecurity breach, increased and upgraded cybersecurity, identity theft, unauthorized use of proprietary information, adverse investor reaction or litigation which costs, under certain circumstances, may be borne by a Fund. Privacy and Data Protection Law Compliance Risk. The adoption, interpretation and application of consumer protection, data protection and/or privacy laws and regulations ("Privacy Laws") in the United States, Europe and elsewhere could significantly impact current and planned privacy and information security related practices, the collection, use, sharing, retention and safeguarding of personal data and current and planned business activities of PPC, the General Partner, the Funds and/or the PPC Companies, and increase compliance costs and require the dedication of additional time and resources to compliance for such entities. A failure to comply with such Privacy Laws by any such entity or their service providers could result in fines, sanctions or other penalties, which could materially and adversely affect the results of operations and overall business, as well as have a negative impact on reputation and Fund performance. As Privacy Laws are implemented, interpreted and applied, compliance costs for PPC, the General Partners, the Funds and/or the PPC Companies, are likely to increase, particularly in the context of ensuring that adequate data protection and data transfer mechanisms are in place. For example, California has passed the California Consumer Privacy Act of 2018, and the EU has enacted the General Data Protection Regulation (EU 2016/679), each of which broadly impacts businesses that handle various types of personal data, potentially including private fund managers and their funds and investments. Such laws impose stringent legal and operational obligations on regulated businesses, as well as the potential for significant penalties. Other jurisdictions, including other U.S. states, have proposed or are considering similar Privacy Laws, which if enacted could impose similarly significant costs, potential liabilities and operational and legal obligations. Such Privacy Laws are expected to vary from jurisdiction to jurisdiction, thus increasing costs, operational and legal burdens, and the potential for significant liability for regulated entities, which could include PPC, the General Partner, the Funds and/or the PPC Companies. Limited Access to Information. Investors' rights to information regarding a Fund, the relevant General Partner or PPC generally will be specified, and in many cases strictly limited, by the Partnership Agreement and Memorandum. In particular, it is anticipated that the General Partner and its affiliates will obtain certain types of material information from or relating to a Fund's investments that will not be disclosed to investors because such disclosure is prohibited, including as a result of contractual, legal or similar obligations outside of PPC's control. Decisions by PPC or its affiliates to withhold information can have adverse consequences for investors in a variety of circumstances. For example, an investor that seeks to transfer its interest in a Fund may have difficulty in determining an appropriate price for such interest. Decisions to withhold information would also make it difficult for an investor to monitor PPC and its performance. Additionally, it is anticipated that investors that designate representatives to participate on a Fund's advisory board generally will, by virtue of such participation, have more or earlier information about a Fund and its investments in certain circumstances than other investors. Investors generally will bear the expenses of responding to disclosure requests, including in connection with state public records, similar freedom of information and other laws, whether or not the relevant Fund succeeds in asserting confidentiality for requested documents and other materials, and PPC reserves the right to withhold certain information from investors subject to such laws for reasons relating to PPC's public reputation, business strategy or other reasons. Use of Expert Networks and Data Analytics. In connection with the evaluation of potential investment opportunities, PPC on occasion engages expert networks and/or makes use of data analytics, including data provided by third-party vendors. PPC seeks to avoid inadvertently obtaining confidential information from such sources and has therefore implemented policies and procedures to mitigate the risk that the use of expert networks or data analytics could result in the receipt of confidential information by investment professionals. Hedging Arrangements. PPC is permitted (but is not obligated to) endeavor to manage the Funds' or any PPC Company's currency exposures, interest rate exposures or other exposures, using hedging techniques where available and appropriate. The Funds generally incur costs related to such hedging arrangements, which may be undertaken in exchange-traded or over-the-counter ("OTC") contexts, including futures, forwards, swaps, options and other instruments. There can be no assurance that adequate hedging arrangements will be available on an economically viable basis or that such hedging arrangements will achieve the desired effect, and in some cases hedging arrangements can result in losses greater than if hedging had not been used. In certain cases, particularly in OTC contexts, hedging arrangements will subject the Funds to the risk of a counterparty's inability or refusal to perform under a hedging contract, or the potential loss of assets held by a counterparty, custodian or intermediary in connection with such hedging. OTC contracts can expose the Funds to additional liquidity risks if such contracts cannot be adequately settled. Certain hedging arrangements have the potential to create an obligation for PPC (and/or any of its affiliates) to register with the U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission (the "CFTC") or other regulator or comply with an applicable exemption. Losses can result to the extent that the CFTC or any other regulator imposes position limits or other regulatory requirements on such hedging arrangements, including under circumstances in which the ability of a Fund or a PPC Company to hedge its exposures becomes limited by such requirements. Material Non-Public Information; Other Regulatory Restrictions. As a result of the operations of PPC and its affiliates, as well as in connection with officerships or directorships of PPC personnel, PPC frequently comes into possession of confidential or material non-public information. Therefore, PPC and its affiliates will, on occasion, have access to material, non-public information that may be relevant to an investment decision to be made by a Fund. Consequently, a Fund would be restricted from initiating a transaction or selling an investment which, if such information had not been known to it, would have been undertaken on account of appli please register to get more info
PPC and its management persons have not been subject to any material legal or disciplinary events required to be discussed in this Brochure. On occasion, in the ordinary course of their respective businesses, PPC, the Funds, or the PPC Companies (or their respective directors and executive officers) may be named as defendants in a legal action. Although there can be no assurance of the outcome of such legal actions, PPC does not believe that any current legal proceedings or claims to which PPC, the Funds, or the PPC Companies (or their respective directors and executive officers) are a party, if any, would individually or in the aggregate materially affect an investor's or prospective investor's evaluation of PPC or the integrity of PPC's management. please register to get more info
Neither PPC nor any of its management persons are registered or have an application pending to register as a broker-dealer or a registered representative of a broker-dealer, a futures commission merchant, commodity pool operator, a commodity trading adviser, or an associated person of the foregoing. PPC does not any have arrangement with a related person who is a broker-dealer, municipal securities dealer, government securities dealer or broker, investment company, other investment adviser or financial planner, futures commission merchant, commodity pool operator, commodity trading adviser, banking or thrift institution, accountant or accounting firm, lawyer or law firm, insurance company or agency, pension consultant, real estate broker or dealer, or sponsor or syndicator of limited partnerships that is material to its advisory business, the Funds or investors. PPC has and will continue to develop relationships with service providers, including legal, accounting, banking, investment banking, tax preparation, insurance brokerage and other personal services. Some of these professionals provide services to the Funds or the PPC Companies. Additionally, some of these professionals are investors in PPC Funds, either personally or through their company. As mentioned in Item 4 above, Pritzker Private Capital is affiliated with certain other advisory entities who are considered registered with the SEC under the Advisers Act or otherwise subject to the Advisers Act pursuant to PPC's registration in accordance with SEC guidance. These affiliated advisory entities operate as a single advisory business together with Pritzker Private Capital and serve as general partners of Funds and other pooled vehicles and generally share common owners, officers, partners, employees, consultants or persons occupying similar positions. please register to get more info
PPC has adopted a Code of Ethics and Securities Trading Policy and Procedures (the "Code"), pursuant to Rule 204A-1 of the Advisers Act which sets forth standards of conduct that are expected of PPC principals and employees and addresses conflicts that arise from personal trading. The Code of Ethics requires all supervised persons to place Fund interests ahead of PPC's interests, to avoid taking advantage of his or her position and to maintain full compliance with the federal securities laws. Supervised persons are required upon hire and at least annually to certify their adherence to the Code. PPC's personnel are prohibited from trading, either personally or on behalf of others, in securities while in possession of material nonpublic information regarding publicly traded securities or communicating material nonpublic information about such securities to others. Under the Code, certain PPC personnel are required to report their personal securities transactions and file various reports. The Code of Ethics establishes guidelines for personal trading requirements, insider trading and reporting of personal securities transactions, including certain pre-clearance and reporting obligations. PPC maintains a restricted list of issuers about which it has or may be deemed to have material nonpublic information. Pre-clearance is required by certain personnel for certain personal securities transactions, including trading in restricted list securities, initial public offerings and limited offerings. A copy of the Code will be provided to any investor or prospective investor upon request to Brad West, PPC's Chief Compliance Officer, at (312) 447-6050. Personal securities transactions by PPC employees are required to be conducted in a manner that prioritizes a Fund's interests in Fund eligible investments. Principals and employees of PPC and its affiliates generally are expected to directly or indirectly own an interest in one or more Funds, including certain co-invest vehicles. To the extent that co- invest vehicles exist, such vehicles will generally invest in one or more of the same PPC Companies as a Fund. Co-invest opportunities can also be presented to certain affiliates of PPC, as well as third party investors and other persons (including the Senior Advisors), and such co-investments are typically effected through co-invest vehicles, directly in a particular PPC Company or through an intermediate entity in a PPC Company's structure. Such co-investment opportunities generally will be allocated in the manner described in Item 8, above. PPC and its affiliates, principals and employees intend from time to time carry on investment activities for their own account, for personal or employee investment vehicles and for family members, friends or others who do not invest in a Fund, and on occasion give advice and recommend securities to vehicles which can differ from advice given to, or securities recommended or bought for, any Fund, even though their investment objectives are the same or similar. The operative documents and investment programs of certain Funds restrict, limit or prohibit, in whole or subject to certain procedural requirements, investments of certain other vehicles in issuers held by such Funds or give priority with respect to investments to such Funds. Some of these restrictions are permitted to be waived by investors (or their representatives) in such Funds or be subject to limitations, e.g., by time or percentage of capital deployed. Principal transactions are generally defined as transactions where an adviser, acting as principal for its own account, knowingly buys from or sells a security to an advisory client. This also applies to any affiliates or controlling persons of the adviser (i.e., an owner, employee or affiliate of the adviser). Cross trades between funds can also be deemed to be principal transactions if the adviser (and/or its affiliates, owners, or controlling persons) own, in the aggregate, 25% or more of either fund. In the context of PPC's business, a principal transaction would most likely refer to the practice of warehousing an investment for the formation of a future fund or PPC or a Fund General Partner purchasing the interest of an existing investor. Agency cross transactions occur when an adviser or an affiliate arranges a transaction (i.e., acts as broker) between two or more different funds or accounts that are managed by that same adviser or an affiliate. Agency cross transactions can also arise where an adviser is dually registered as a broker-dealer or has an affiliated broker-dealer. An adviser is not "acting as a broker" if the adviser receives no compensation (other than the advisory fee earned in the ordinary course of managing the assets) for effecting the transaction and therefore is not considered to be conducting an agency cross transaction under Section 206(3) of the Advisers Act. In the context of PPC's business, an agency cross transaction would occur when selling a PPC Company, investment or other asset from one Fund to another. In the event PPC were to recommend a principal transaction or agency cross transaction, it would only be after: (i) PPC has determined the transaction to be in the best interest of participating Funds; (ii) the transaction is permitted by the relevant Partnership Agreements; (iii) proper disclosure is given to the General Partner, investors or advisory board, as appropriate; (iv) consent is obtained from the appropriate parties; and (v) PPC ensures that best execution is achieved for the transaction. please register to get more info
PPC focuses on securities transactions of private companies and generally purchases and sells such companies through privately-negotiated transactions in which the services of a broker- dealer may be retained. However, PPC is also permitted to distribute securities to investors in a Fund or sell such securities, including through using a broker-dealer, if a public trading market exists. Whether for private or public securities transactions, PPC selects a broker-dealer or investment banker based on PPC's judgment and upon consideration of a variety of factors, which will not be limited solely to ultimate deal price, and including but not limited to: (i) execution capabilities with respect to the relevant type of order; (ii) commissions charged; (iii) the reputation of the firm being considered; and (iv) responsiveness to requests for trade data and other financial information. Although PPC generally seeks competitive commission rates, it will not necessarily pay the lowest commission or commission equivalent, especially in private securities transactions that rely heavily on the specialty services or experience of a broker-dealer or investment banker that operate outside of a competitive bidding environment. Transactions that involve such specialized services on the part of the broker-dealer or investment banker can thereby entail higher commissions or their equivalents than would be the case with other transactions requiring more routine services. PPC does not receive research or other soft dollar benefits in connection with securities transactions for the Funds, does not receive referrals in connection with selecting or recommending broker-dealers for the Funds, and does not engage in directed brokerage. In the event PPC were to aggregate the purchase or sale of securities for Fund accounts, it would do so on a pro rata basis. please register to get more info
The investments made by the Funds are generally private, illiquid and long-term in nature. Accordingly, the review process is not directed toward a short-term decision to dispose of securities. A team of investment professionals including principals and other PPC personnel closely monitors the PPC Companies in which the Funds invest, and the PPC Chief Compliance Officer (or a designee thereof) periodically checks to confirm that each Fund is maintained in accordance with its stated objectives. Each Fund generally will provide to its investors the following written reports: (i) annual GAAP audited and quarterly unaudited financial statements; (ii) annual tax information necessary for each investor's tax return; and (iii) descriptive investment information for each PPC Company annually. In the course of conducting due diligence or otherwise, investors periodically request information pertaining to PPC's investments. In responding to such requests, PPC reserves the right to provide information that is not generally made available to other investors who have not requested such information. please register to get more info
As described in Item 5 above, PPC and/or its affiliates provide certain business or consulting services to the PPC Companies and receive compensation from these companies in connection with such services. These fees are paid pursuant to separate agreements entered into with the PPC Companies to provide certain consulting services that PPC believes will ultimately enhance the value of the companies and benefit the Funds and their investors. These types of arrangements present potential conflicts of interest and provide PPC with an incentive to recommend investments based on compensation received rather than the best interests of the Funds. To help mitigate this potential conflict, as described in the relevant Partnership Agreement, a pro rata portion of this compensation will offset the Management Fees paid by such Fund. However, in other cases (e.g., reimbursements for out of pocket expenses directly related to a PPC Company), these fees are in addition to Management Fees. When raising capital for a new Fund, PPC generally enters into solicitation arrangements pursuant to which it compensates third parties for referrals that result in a potential investor becoming a limited partner in a Fund. Any fees payable to any such placement agents will be borne by PPC indirectly through an offset against the Management Fee, although related expenses incurred pursuant to the relevant placement agent or similar agreement, including but not limited to placement agent travel, meal and entertainment expenses, typically are borne by the relevant Funds. PPC and Fund II engaged Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC (CSS) and Thomas Capital Group, Inc. to act as placement agents in connection with the offering of limited partner interests in Fund II. please register to get more info
PPC maintains custody of assets held in the name of one or more Funds with the following qualified custodian(s): Bank of America Merrill Lynch, Chicago, Illinois. PPC has elected to undergo an annual GAAP financial statement audit for each of the Funds over which it is deemed to have custody, copies of which are (or will be, for newly closed Funds) distributed to all investors in the Funds no later than 120 days after the end of the applicable Fund's fiscal year end (unless an earlier date is specified in the Partnership Agreement of the applicable Fund). In addition, upon the final liquidation of a Fund, PPC will obtain a final audit and distribute audited financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP with respect to such Fund to all underlying investors promptly upon completion of the audit. With respect to Fund assets, called capital is directly sent or wired into the account(s) of the relevant Fund's qualified custodian(s). PPC receives monthly statements from its qualified custodian(s) on behalf of the Funds. please register to get more info
PPC has discretionary authority to manage investments made on behalf of each Fund as detailed in the Partnership Agreement of each Fund. Investment advice is provided directly to the Funds, subject to the discretion and control of the relevant Fund general partner, and not to investors in the Funds individually. PPC assumes this discretionary authority pursuant to the terms of the Partnership Agreement and powers of attorney executed by the investors of such Fund. Once an investor executes these documents, PPC is not required to contact such investor prior to transacting business in a Fund. Pursuant to the terms of the Partnership Agreement, however, PPC and/or its affiliates have entered into Side Letters with certain investors whereby the terms applicable to such investor's investment in a Fund have been altered or varied, including, in some cases, the right to opt-out of certain investments for legal, tax, regulatory or other similar reasons. Other investors meeting certain commitment thresholds are often provided with notification provisions regarding such Side Letter agreements but are not provided with consent rights over such agreements. Except where required in the relevant Partnership Agreements, other investors will not receive copies of Side Letters or related provisions, and as a general matter, the other investors have no recourse against a Fund, the relevant General Partner or any of their affiliates in the event that certain investors have received additional and/or different rights and/or terms as a result of such Side Letters. As a consequence of one or more investors being excused or excluded, or from regulatory or other factors limiting their participation in investments, the aggregate returns realized by participating investors could be adversely affected in a material manner by the unfavorable performance of particular investments. As mentioned above in Item 4, PPC provides non-discretionary investment advisory services to an entity that oversees the investment activities of the Pritzker Investors. Under the terms of a non-discretionary investment sub-advisory agreement between PPC and such entity, PPC recommends investment opportunities to such entity, and all decisions with respect to the acquisition or disposition of any recommendation by PPC are the sole responsibility of such entity. please register to get more info
By virtue of the applicable Partnership Agreement, PPC has the authority to vote proxy statements on behalf of the Funds. The majority of "proxies" received by PPC, however, are written shareholder consents or similar instruments for private companies owned by the Funds. PPC has adopted Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures (the "Proxy Policy") pursuant to Rule 206(4)-6 to address how it will vote proxies, as applicable, for any Fund's portfolio investments. The Proxy Policy seeks to ensure that PPC votes proxies (or similar instruments) in the best interest of the Funds, including where there is a material conflict of interest in voting proxies. PPC generally believes its interests are aligned with those of each Fund's investors, for example, through the principals' beneficial ownership interests in such Fund and therefore will not seek investor approval or direction when voting proxies. In the event that there is or may be a conflict of interest in voting proxies, the Proxy Policy provides that PPC can address the conflict using several alternatives as set forth in the Proxy Policy. Additionally, a Fund's advisory board can be called upon to approve PPC's vote in a particular solicitation. PPC does not consider service on PPC Company boards by PPC personnel or PPC's receipt of management or other fees from PPC Companies to create a material conflict of interest in voting proxies with respect to such companies. In addition, the Proxy Policy sets forth certain specific proxy voting guidelines followed by PPC when voting proxies on behalf of a Fund. If you would like a copy of PPC's complete Proxy Policy or information regarding how PPC voted proxies for particular PPC Companies, please contact Brad West, PPC's Chief Compliance Officer, at (312) 447-6050, and it will be provided to you at no charge. please register to get more info
PPC does not require prepayment of Management Fees more than six months in advance or have any other events requiring disclosure under this item of the Brochure. please register to get more info
Open Brochure from SEC website
Assets | |
---|---|
Pooled Investment Vehicles | $1,129,799,637 |
Discretionary | $1,129,799,637 |
Non-Discretionary | $ |
Registered Web Sites
Related news
Loading...
No recent news were found.