Item 5: Performance-Based Fees and Side-By-Side Management ............................................ 8
Item 6: Types of Clients ............................................................................................................. 9
Item 7: Methods of Analysis, Investment Strategies and Risk of Loss .................................... 10
Item 8: Disciplinary Information .............................................................................................. 18
Item 9: Other Financial Industry Activities and Affiliations ..................................................... 19
Item 10: Code of Ethics,Participation or Interest in Client Transactions & Personal Trading20
Item 11: Brokerage Practices................................................................................................... 22
Item 12: Review of Accounts ................................................................................................... 24
Item 13: Client Referrals and Other Compensation ................................................................ 25
Item 14: Custody ..................................................................................................................... 26
Item 15: Investment Discretion ............................................................................................... 27
Item 16: Voting Client Securities ............................................................................................. 28
Item 17: Financial Information ................................................................................................ 29 LMR Partners LLC is a Delaware limited liability company formed in 2017 (hereinafter “LMR
US,” the “Investment Manager”, “we”, “us”, “our” or the “Firm”) with its principal place of
business in New York, and which under a proposed agreement (“Agreement”) between LMR
Partners LLC and LMR Partners (Offshore) Limited (the “Manager”) has discretionary authority
to trade on behalf of private pooled investment vehicles.
The LMR Investment Group consists of five entities:
• LMR Partners (Offshore) Ltd. – an exempted company incorporated under the laws
of the Cayman Islands (“Manager”);
• LMR Partners LLP (“UK Investment Manager”);
• LMR Management Services Limited – A limited company incorporated in the United
Kingdom and a Corporate Member of LMR Partners LLP;
• LMR Partners LLC – (“US Investment Manager”) and
• LMR Partners Limited (“HK Investment Manager”)
The appointed Manager, LMR Partners (Offshore) Ltd. has entered into agreements with LMR
Partners LLC, a Delaware limited partnership, LMR Partners LLP, a United Kingdom entity
regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority (“FCA”), and LMR Partners Limited, a Hong Kong
regulated entity (collectively the “LMR investment group” or “LMR”) to provide advisory
services to its funds.
LMR US serves as a co-investment adviser, with discretionary trading authority, to the
following private pooled investment vehicles, the securities of which are offered to qualified
investors on a private placement basis to accredited investors, as defined under Securities Act
of 1933, as amended, and qualified purchasers, as defined under the Investment Company
Act of 1940, as amended: LMR Fund Limited, a Cayman Islands exempted company (the
“Feeder Fund”) and LMR Master Fund Limited, a Cayman Islands exempted company (the
“Master Fund” and, collectively with the Feeder Fund where applicable, the “Fund” or
“Funds”).
The Offshore Fund’s “Shareholders” and any potential future Onshore Fund’s “Limited
Partners” are hereafter collectively referred to as the “Investors” where appropriate. We will
not tailor our advisory services to the individual needs of any particular Investor.
LMR US may in the future provide investment advice to one or more separately managed
accounts, funds or single investor clients. All current, and future, LMR clients, including the
Fund, are referred to herein collectively as “Clients” or “Client” unless otherwise specified.
We do not currently have any individual managed accounts.
The descriptions set forth in this Brochure of specific advisory services that we offer to our
clients, and investment strategies pursued and investments made by us on behalf of our
clients, should not be understood to limit in any way our investment activities. We may offer
any advisory services, engage in any investment strategy and make any investment, including
any not described in this Brochure, that we consider appropriate, subject to each client’s
investment objectives and guidelines. The investment strategies we pursue are speculative
and entail substantial risks. Clients should be prepared to bear a substantial loss of capital.
There can be no assurance that the investment objectives of any client will be achieved.
We do not currently participate in any Wrap Fee Programs.
Determined as of November 30, 2019, we have regulatory assets under management of $2.8
billion managed on a discretionary basis, and no assets under management on a non-
discretionary basis.
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The fees applicable to each Fund are set forth in detail in each Fund’s offering documents. A
brief summary of such fees is provided below.
Management Fee
The Manager receives a Management Fee equal to 1/12 of 2 per cent of the Net Asset Value
of each series of Shares in the Fund and calculated as at the last Valuation Day in each calendar
month, before deduction of that month’s Management Fee and before deduction of any
accrued Performance Fees.
LMR US and its employees do not accept compensation, including sales charges or service
fees, from any person for the sale of securities or other investment products.
In LMR Partners’ sole discretion, the Management Fee may be waived, reduced or calculated
differently with respect to certain clients.
Performance Compensation
The Manager is also entitled to receive a Performance Fee from the Fund payable annually in
arrears in respect of each calendar year.
For each Calculation Period, the Performance Fee in respect of each series of Shares is equal
to the Relevant Percentage of the appreciation in the Net Asset Value of that series of Shares
during the Calculation Period above the Base Net Asset Value of that series of Shares. The
“Relevant Percentage” is 30 per cent in respect of Class D Shares, Class E Shares and Class F
Shares and 20 per cent in respect of Class A Shares, Class B Shares and Class C Shares. The
“Base Net Asset Value” of a series of Shares is the greater of (i) the Net Asset Value of that
series of Shares at the time of issue and (ii) the highest Net Asset Value of that series of Shares
achieved as at the end of any previous Calculation Period (if any) during which such series was
in issue, adjusted appropriately in respect of any redemptions of Shares of that series. The
Performance Fee in respect of each Calculation Period is calculated by reference to the Net
Asset Value of each series of Shares before deduction of any accrued Performance Fee. The
Performance Fee is payable to the Manager in arrears within 15 Business Days of the end of
each Calculation Period. However, in the case of Shares redeemed, exchanged or transferred
during a Calculation Period, the accrued Performance Fee in respect of those Shares is payable
within 15 Business Days of the date of redemption, exchange or transfer, as the case may be.
In the event of a partial redemption, Shares will be redeemed on a “first-in-first-out” basis
unless the redeeming Shareholder advises the Administrator otherwise in writing.
The Manager will share the Management Fee and the Performance Fee with the Investment
Managers. The Manager and the Investment Managers may from time to time and at their
sole discretion and out of their own resources decide to rebate to intermediaries and/or
Shareholders part or all of the Management Fee and/or the Performance Fee. Any such
rebates may be applied in paying up additional Shares to be issued to the Shareholder, or may
(at the discretion of the Manager or the Investment Manager) be paid in cash.
Other Types of Fees or Expenses
The Fund also pays the costs and expenses of (i) all transactions carried out by them or on
their behalf and (ii) the administration of the Fund, including (but not limited to) (a) the
charges and expenses of legal advisers, accountants and auditors, (b) brokers’ commissions (if
any), borrowing charges on securities sold short and any issue or transfer taxes chargeable in
connection with any securities transactions, (c) all taxes and corporate fees payable to
governments or agencies, (d) Directors’ fees and expenses, (e) interest on borrowings,
including borrowings from a Prime Broker and Custodian, (f) communication expenses with
respect to investor services and all expenses of meetings of Directors and Shareholders and of
preparing, printing and distributing financial and other reports, proxy forms, prospectuses and
similar documents, (g) the cost of insurance (if any) for the benefit of the Directors, (h)
litigation and indemnification expenses and extraordinary expenses not incurred in the
ordinary course of business, (i) the cost of obtaining and maintaining the listing of the Shares
on any stock exchange, (j) fees and expenses incurred by the Firm in connection with the
provision of their investment management services to the Fund including, without limitation,
investment research and data expenses, recruitment costs (such as the fees of recruitment
consultants, the remuneration and other costs of personnel involved in recruitment at the
Firm and its affiliates, and signing bonuses, payments in lieu of forfeited deferred
compensation or other amounts paid to relevant portfolio management personnel recruited
by the Firm and its affiliates) and a portion (determined in the discretion of the Firm and its
affiliates by reference to factors including, without limitation, the net asset value and the
relative performance of portfolio management personnel, and accrued periodically) of any
exceptional variable remuneration payable by the Firm or any of its affiliates to any relevant
portfolio management personnel and (k) all other organisational and operating expenses.
These other fees and expenses, as well as dealing commissions and other non-monetary
benefits, payable by the Fund are charged at normal commercial rates. The Fund bears its
proportionate share of any fees, charges and expenses incurred by the Fund through its
investment therein (which, in the absence of any other feeder fund or other investor in the
Master Fund, will be all of them).
There is no maximum amount of fees, charges and expenses that will be borne (directly or
indirectly) by Investors of the Fund, and the aggregate amount will depend on a number of
factors, including without limitation portfolio turnover, the level of borrowings, the value of
short sales and the operational and organisational requirements of the Fund.
As noted above, the Fund will bear expenses of LMR incurred in connection with recruitment
and a portion of exceptional variable remuneration paid by LMR or any of their affiliates to
relevant portfolio management personnel. As a result, the Fund may be subject to material
expenses, and these expenses will impact the performance of the Fund. LMR’s method of
allocating any such expenses to the Fund is, in part, subjective and involves a potential conflict
of interest since any expenses borne by the Fund will not be paid out of the assets of LMR.
We may, in our sole and absolute discretion, bear any of the Funds’ expenses described above;
provided that, if we bear any such expenses, we will not be required to continue to bear such
expenses and may thereafter cause the Funds to bear such expenses.
Neither the Firm nor its employees accept compensation, including sales charges or service
fees, from any person for the sale of securities or other investment products.
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We and our affiliates accept performance-based compensation from every Client (other than
clients that are not assessed performance-based compensation because it is assessed through
another entity in a single master-feeder or similar structure). As a result, we and our affiliates
do not face certain conflicts of interest that may arise when an investment adviser accepts
performance-based fees from some clients, but not from other clients.
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We provide investment advice to private investment pools, as described in Item 5 above.
However, we may in the future provide investment advice to one or more separately managed
accounts, funds or single investor funds.
Generally, the minimum initial investment in the Funds is $500,000. However, the Fund
Manager, LMR Partners LLP and/or co-advisors, LMR US and/or LMR Partners Limited may, in
its discretion, accept smaller initial investments from time to time.
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The descriptions set forth in this Brochure of specific advisory services that we offer to clients,
and investment strategies pursued and investments made by us on behalf of our clients,
should not be understood to limit in any way our investment activities. We may offer any
advisory services, engage in any investment strategy and make any investment, including any
not described in this Brochure, that we consider appropriate, subject to each client’s
investment objectives and guidelines. The investment strategies we pursue are speculative
and entail substantial risks. Clients should be prepared to bear a substantial loss of capital.
There can be no assurance that the investment objectives of any client will be achieved.
Investment Objective The following is a summary of the investment strategies and methods of analysis employed
by us on behalf of our Clients. Certain Clients pursue only some of these investment strategies.
We invest all of our assets (to the extent not retained in cash) in the ordinary shares of the
Fund. Our investment objective is to seek to achieve capital appreciation with an absolute
return focus. We aim to achieve this objective by investing in securities and other financial
instruments on a global basis.
Investment Philosophy
Our investment philosophy is to exploit relative value opportunities across a range of asset
classes, regions and horizons with a view to building a diversified overall investment portfolio
with a low correlation between separate strategies, thus achieving absolute returns with a
low correlation to markets.
Investment Strategies – Multi-Strategy
We deploy capital across a diverse selection of mostly market neutral investment strategies
spanning a variety of asset classes, regions and horizons. We aim to balance broadly capital
across sub-strategies focused on exploiting inefficiencies within fixed income, equities, credit,
volatility and risk arbitrage / event driven markets.
Sub-strategies within the Fund are run by expert portfolio managers / trading teams, with
each of these groups working independently, effecting investments for their own segregated
investment portfolio. Trading teams managing a segregated investment portfolio may be led
by one or more lead portfolio manager(s) and work collaboratively within the team on
investments for such portfolio. Such collaborative teams and their portfolios are however
functionally segregated from other portfolio managers / trading teams. All portfolio managers
/ trading teams are overseen on an overarching, holistic basis by a formal Risk Committee
comprised of LMR’s Partners and Chief Risk Officer.
As a result of the segregation of portfolio managers / trading teams and as an inherent facet
of our multi-strategy approach, such teams may take opposing positions in the same
investments / securities, notwithstanding that such trading positions have been effected for
the same Fund.
Material, Significant or Unusual Risks Relating to Investment Strategies and Risks Associated with Particular Types of Securities. The Risk Committee has adopted unique risk policies for the Fund, which include,
inter alia,
concentration, liquidity and stop-loss limits relevant to that Fund’s trading strategy. However,
as with any investment, the Fund’s investment strategies have the potential for complete loss
of capital.
LMR Partners have created a formal Risk Policy & Infrastructure to express its core Risk
Management philosophy through a set of procedures and limits. The Risk Policy represents
the minimum set of risk limits to which the LMR Master Fund subscribes and ensures risk
discipline throughout the Investment process. This Risk Committee is responsible for
ensuring the Fund is trading within the Risk parameters set-out within the Risk Policy.
The Risk Committee meets on a monthly basis to review:
- Risk Exposures
- Performance
- Capital Allocation
-
Risk Limits
- Risk Model & Methodology Updates
- New Product Approvals
- Compliance Issues
Complete descriptions of the risks associated with investment in a Fund are included in each
Fund’s offering documents, subscription agreement, or other constituent documents. Some
or all of the following risks may be applicable to a Fund depending upon its investment
program and restrictions.
The following risk factors do not purport to be a complete list or explanation of the risks
involved in an investment in the Clients advised by us. These risk factors include only those risks
we believe to be material, significant or unusual and relate to particular significant investment
strategies or methods of analysis employed by us.
Risk of Loss Factors Risk management and portfolio construction are core to the philosophy. We believe that
monitoring Value at Risk is not sufficient, and monitor the portfolio continually for exposures
to a range of factors. In particular, they impose limits on single asset size, exposure to any
single factor and total portfolio size.
We consider the liquidity of the Fund to be paramount, and generally aim to construct the
portfolio such that investments could be implemented and unwound with minimal market
impact.
Borrowing and Leverage
We do not intend to leverage our capital, through borrowing or otherwise.
We may employ leverage in circumstances where we deem it appropriate to do so in pursuit
of the investment objective, philosophy and strategies.
We may leverage our capital by borrowing, including (but not limited to) margin lending
agreements, collateralised borrowing, securities lending and through the use of futures,
forwards, contracts, options and other derivative instruments.
We may employ leverage by borrowing funds from brokerage firms, banks and other financial
institutions and/or through the use of derivatives and other non-fully funded instruments. In
each case, leverage may be obtained on a secured or unsecured, and collateralised or
uncollateralised basis. Leverage obtained through borrowing is obtained from the relevant
lender. Leverage obtained through the use of derivatives and other non-fully funded
instruments is obtained from the relevant counterparty.
We may use borrowing for the purpose of making investments. The use of borrowing creates
special risks and may significantly increase investment risk. Borrowing creates an opportunity
for greater yield and total return but, at the same time, will increase our exposure to capital
risk and interest costs. Any investment income and gains earned on investments made
through the use of borrowings that are in excess of the interest costs associated therewith
may cause the Net Asset Value of the Shares to increase more rapidly than would otherwise
be the case. Conversely, where the associated interest costs are greater than such income
and gains, the Net Asset Value of the Shares may decrease more rapidly than would
otherwise be the case.
Collateral and Asset Re-use Arrangements
Our collateral and asset re-use arrangements vary according to the identity of the trading
counterparty or broker.
We may from time to time be required to deliver collateral to our trading counterparties
and/or brokers (including, but not limited to, the Prime Brokers and Custodians) under the
terms of the relevant agreements (including, but not limited to, ISDA master agreements,
global master securities lending agreements, credit support documentation and/or securities
lending, repurchase, foreign exchange and/or futures clearing agreements), by posting initial
margin and/or variation margin and on a daily mark-to-market basis. We may deliver such
collateral by way of title transfer or by way of security interest (and in certain circumstances
may grant a right of re-use of such collateral) to a trading counterparty or broker. The
treatment of such collateral varies according to the type of transaction and where it is traded.
There are generally no restrictions on the re-use of collateral by trading counterparties and
brokers.
Currency Hedging
The base currency of the Master Fund is the US Dollar. The Investment Managers seek to
hedge the foreign currency exposure of the Master Fund to currencies other than the base
currency through the use of spot and forward foreign exchange contracts or other methods
of reducing exposure to currency fluctuations. In addition, assets of the Fund attributable to
the Euro Shares, the Sterling Shares or the Yen Shares will be exposed to possible adverse
currency fluctuations between the Euro, Sterling, or Yen respectively, the currency in which
the relevant Shares are denominated, and the US Dollar, the base currency of the Fund. The
Investment Managers seek to hedge this exposure with the aim of minimizing the impact
thereof on the Net Asset Value per Share of the Euro Shares, the Sterling Shares and the Yen
Shares. Notwithstanding such hedging, the Management Fees and Performance Fees
payable in respect of Class G Shares are calculated on the basis of the Unhedged Net Asset
Value of the relevant series of Class G Shares.
Investment through Other Vehicles
We may invest in other funds or vehicles which are managed or co-managed by the Manager,
one or more Investment Managers or one of their affiliates, or by a third party.
Any fund or vehicle in which we may invest may be open-ended or closed-ended, listed or
unlisted and may employ leverage. Subject to the arrangements relating to the management
fee and performance fee for funds and vehicles managed by the Manager, one or more
Investment Managers or one of their affiliates, the Fund will be subject to the costs and
expenses of operating any such fund or vehicle.
We may, in order to implement our investment strategy in an efficient manner, invest
indirectly through trading subsidiaries where it is considered that this would be commercially
or tax efficient or provide a practicable means of access to a particular security.
Availability of Investment Strategies
Our success depends on our ability to identify overvalued and undervalued investment
opportunities and to exploit price discrepancies in the financial markets, as well as to assess
the import of data that may affect the financial markets. Identification and exploitation of
the investment strategies involves a high degree of uncertainty. No assurance can be given
that we will be able to locate suitable investment opportunities in which to deploy assets or
to exploit discrepancies in the securities and derivatives markets. A reduction in liquidity or
the pricing inefficiency of the markets in we seek to invest, as well as other market factors,
will reduce the scope for our investment strategies.
Concentration of Investments
We invest our assets in the ordinary shares of the Fund, and accordingly is not diversified.
Although it is our policy to diversify its investment portfolio, the Fund may at certain times
hold relatively few investments. We could be subject to significant losses if it holds a large
position in a particular investment that declines in value or is otherwise adversely affected,
including default of the issuer.
Currency Exposure
The Shares are denominated in Euro, US Dollars and Sterling, and Shares will be issued and
redeemed in those currencies. Certain of the assets may, however, be invested in securities
and other investments which are denominated in currencies other than Euro, US Dollars or
Sterling. Accordingly, the value of such assets may be affected favourably or unfavourably
by fluctuations in currency rates. We may generally seek to hedge its foreign currency
exposure but is necessarily subject to foreign exchange risks. In addition, prospective
investors whose assets and liabilities are predominantly in other currencies should take into
account the potential risk of loss arising from fluctuations in value between the Euro, the US
Dollar or Sterling and such other currencies.
Derivatives
We may utilise both exchange-traded and over-the-counter derivatives, including, but not
limited to, futures, forwards, swaps, options and contracts for differences, as part of its
investment policy. Over-the-counter derivative instruments which we may invest in include,
but are not limited to, interest rate derivatives, volatility derivatives and credit derivatives.
These instruments can be highly volatile and expose investors to a high risk of loss. The low
initial margin deposits normally required to establish a position in such instruments permit
a high degree of leverage. As a result, depending on the type of instrument, a relatively small
movement in the price of a contract may result in a profit or a loss which is high in proportion
to the amount of funds actually placed as initial margin and may result in unquantifiable
further loss exceeding any margin deposited. In addition, daily limits on price fluctuations
and speculative position limits on exchanges may prevent prompt liquidation of positions
resulting in potentially greater losses. Transactions in over-the-counter contracts may
involve additional risk as there is no exchange market on which to close out an open
position. It may be impossible to liquidate an existing position, to assess the value of a
position or to assess the exposure to risk. Contractual asymmetries and inefficiencies can
also increase risk, such as break clauses, whereby a counterparty can terminate a
transaction on the basis of a certain reduction in Net Asset Value, incorrect collateral calls
or delays in collateral recovery. We may also sell covered and uncovered options on
securities. To the extent that such options are uncovered, we could theoretically incur an
unlimited loss.
Forward Foreign Exchange Contracts
We may enter into forward foreign exchange contracts. A forward foreign exchange contract
is a contractually binding obligation to purchase or sell a particular currency at a specified
date in the future. Forward foreign exchange contracts are not uniform as to the quantity or
time at which a currency is to be delivered and are not traded on exchanges. Rather, they
are individually negotiated transactions. Forward foreign exchange contracts are effected
through a trading system known as the interbank market. It is not a market with a specific
location but rather a network of participants electronically linked. Documentation of
transactions generally consists of an exchange of telex or facsimile messages. There is no
limitation as to daily price movements on this market and in exceptional circumstances there
have been periods during which certain banks have refused to quote prices for forward
foreign exchange contracts or have quoted prices with an unusually wide spread between
the price at which the bank is prepared to buy and that at which it is prepared to sell.
Transactions in forward foreign exchange contracts are not subject to comprehensive
regulation nor are they guaranteed by an exchange or clearing house. We will be subject to
the risk of the inability or refusal of its counterparties to perform with respect to such
contracts. Any such default would eliminate any profit potential and compel us to cover our
commitments for resale or repurchase, if any, at the then current market price. These events
could result in significant losses.
Illiquidity
There is currently no active secondary market for the Shares and it is not expected that such
a market will develop.
Interest Rate Risk
Changes in the interest rates can affect the value of our investments in fixed income
instruments. Unexpected increases or decreases in interest rates may cause the value of our
investments to decline. We may experience increased interest rate risk to the extent they
invest, if at all, in debt securities with longer maturities, debt securities paying no interest
(such as zero coupon securities) or debt securities paying non-cash interest in the form of
other debt securities.
Liquidity and Market Characteristics
In some circumstances, investments may be relatively illiquid making it difficult to acquire or
dispose of them at the prices quoted on the various exchanges. Accordingly, our ability to
respond to market movements may be impaired and we may experience adverse price
movements upon liquidation of its investments. Settlement of transactions may be subject
to delay and administrative uncertainties.
Loans
In relation to trading in loans either directly or through participations, our ability to acquire
or dispose of positions may be restricted, delayed or prevented to the extent that any
conditions to transfer are required to be satisfied. Such conditions may include, without
limitation, obligations on us, as transferee, to provide satisfactory confidentiality
undertakings to the borrower, grantor of a participation or transferor to procure the same
from any onward transferee. The underlying documents governing our holding of a loan
position may contain restrictions on our ability to transfer our loan position, including that
the consent of the grantor of any participation may be required. There may also be
restrictions on transfer in the underlying loan documents. In addition, illiquidity in the market
for trading loan positions may affect our ability to dispose of, and realise value in respect of,
its loan positions.
Market Liquidity and Leverage
We may be adversely affected by a decrease in market liquidity for the instruments in which
it invests which may impair our ability to adjust our positions. The size of our positions may
magnify the effect of a decrease in market liquidity for such instruments. Changes in overall
market leverage, deleveraging as a consequence of a decision by a Prime Broker and
Custodian, or other counterparties with which we enter into repurchase/reverse repurchase
agreements or derivative transactions, to reduce the level of leverage available, or the
liquidation by other market participants of the same or similar positions, may also adversely
affect the portfolio.
Price Fluctuations
It should be remembered that the value of Shares and the income (if any) derived from them
can go down as well as up.
Short Selling
Short selling involves trading on margin and accordingly can involve greater risk than
investments based on a long position. A short sale of a security involves the risk of a
theoretically unlimited increase in the market price of the security, which could result in an
inability to cover the short position and a theoretically unlimited loss. There can be no
absolute guarantee that securities and/or currencies necessary to cover a short position will
be available for purchase.
Due to regulatory or legislative action taken by regulators around the world as a result of
volatility in the global financial markets, taking short positions on certain securities has been
restricted and/or subject to more onerous disclosure requirements at certain times in certain
jurisdictions. The levels of restriction and disclosure vary across different jurisdictions and
are subject to change in the short to medium term. These restrictions and/or disclosure
requirements have at times made it difficult and in some cases impossible for numerous
market participants either to continue to implement their investment strategies or to control
the risk of their open positions. Accordingly, we may not always be in a position to fully
express the negative views in relation to certain securities, companies or sectors and our
ability to fulfil the investment objective may be constrained.
Sovereign Debt
We may invest directly, and indirectly through derivative instruments (including swaps and
credit default swap indices) or money market funds, in sovereign debt instruments. The
issuers of sovereign debt or the governmental authorities that control the repayment of the
debt may be unable or unwilling to repay principal or interest when due, and we may have
limited recourse in the event of a default. A sovereign debtor’s willingness or ability to repay
principal and pay interest in a timely manner may be affected by, among other factors, our
cash flow situation, the extent of our foreign currency reserves, the availability of sufficient
foreign exchange on the date a payment is due, the sovereign debtor’s policy toward
international lenders and the political constraints to which a sovereign debtor may be
subject. Furthermore, such entities may be entitled to claim sovereign immunity from any
claims made against them should they default on any of their obligations under such loans.
This may hinder, or prevent entirely, the recovery of any loss suffered as a result of such
default.
Index or Index Options
The value of an index or index option fluctuates with changes in the market values of the
securities included in the index. Because the value of an index or index option depends upon
movements in the level of the index rather than the price of a particular security, whether we
will realise appreciation or depreciation from the purchase or writing of options on indices
depends upon movements in the level of instrument prices in the security market generally
or, in the case of certain indices, in an industry or market segment, rather than movements in
the price of particular securities.
Index Futures
The price of index futures contracts may not correlate perfectly with the movement in the
underlying index because of certain market distortions. First, all participants in the futures
market are subject to margin deposit and maintenance requirements. Rather than meeting
additional margin deposit requirements, shareholders may close futures contracts through
offsetting transactions that would distort the normal relationship between the index and
futures markets. Second, from the point of view of speculators, the deposit requirements in
the futures market are less onerous than margin requirements in the securities market.
Therefore, increased participation by speculators in the futures market also may cause price
distortions. Our successful use of index futures contracts also is subject to our ability to
correctly predict movements in the direction of the market.
Futures Contracts
We may invest in futures contracts or options thereon. Futures positions may be illiquid
because, for example, many commodity exchanges limit fluctuations in certain futures
contract prices during a single day by regulations referred to as "daily price fluctuation limits"
or "daily limits." Under such daily limits, during a single trading day no trades may be executed
at prices beyond the daily limits. Once the price of a contract for a particular future has
increased or decreased by an amount equal to the daily limit, positions in the future can
neither be taken nor liquidated unless traders are willing to effect trades at or within the limit.
Futures contract prices on various commodities or financial instruments occasionally have
moved the daily limit for several consecutive days with little or no trading. Similar occurrences
could prevent us from promptly liquidating unfavourable positions and subject the Fund to
substantial losses. In addition, we may not be able to execute futures contract trades at
favourable prices if trading volume in such contracts is low. It is also possible that an exchange
or a regulator may suspend trading in a particular contract, order immediate liquidation and
settlement of a particular contract or order that trading in a particular contract be conducted
for liquidation only. In addition, various exchanges impose speculative position limits on the
number of positions that may be held in particular commodities. Trading in commodity futures
contracts and options are highly specialised activities that may entail greater than ordinary
investment or trading risks. Furthermore, low margin or premiums normally required in such
trading may provide a large amount of leverage, and a relatively small change in the price of
a security or contract can produce a disproportionately larger profit or loss.
Swap Agreements
We may enter into swap agreements. These agreements are individually negotiated and can
be structured to include exposure to a variety of different types of investments, asset classes
or market factors. Depending on their structure, swap agreements may increase or decrease
our exposure to, for example, equity securities. Swap agreements can take many different
forms and are known by a variety of names. We are not limited to any particular form of swap
agreement if consistent with our investment objective. Whether our use of swap agreements
will be successful depends on our ability to select appropriate transactions. Swap transactions
may be highly illiquid and may increase or decrease the volatility of our portfolio. Moreover,
we bear the risk of loss of the amount expected to be received under a swap agreement in
the event of the default or insolvency by the counterparty. We also bear the risk of loss related
to, for example, breaches of swap agreements or our failure to post or maintain required
collateral. Many swap markets are relatively new and still developing. It is possible that
developments in the swap markets, including potential government regulation, could
adversely affect our ability to terminate existing swap transactions or to realize amounts to
be received under such transactions.
Other Derivative Instruments
We may take advantage of opportunities with respect to certain other derivative instruments
that are not currently contemplated for use or that are currently not available, but that may
be developed, to the extent such opportunities are both consistent with the investment
objective of the Firm and that we believe are legally permissible. Special risks may apply to
instruments in the future that cannot be determined at this time or until we invest in such
instruments. Other derivative instruments may be subject to various types of risks including
market risk, liquidity risk, the risk of non-performance by the counterparty (including risks
relating to the financial soundness and creditworthiness of the counterparty), legal risk and
operations risk.
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There are no legal or disciplinary events that are material to a Client’s or prospective client’s
evaluation of our advisory business or the integrity of our management.
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LMR US is registered with the CFTC as a commodity pool operator (“CPO”) and is a member
with National Futures Association (the “NFA”). In connection with our registration with the
CFTC, certain of our employees are registered “Associated Persons” and “Principals” of LMR
US. The Funds are operated pursuant to Regulation 4.7 (the “4.7 Exemption”) of the U.S.
Commodity Exchange Act (the “CEA”).
Neither LMR US nor its management persons are not registered as broker-dealers and does
not have any application pending to register with the SEC as a broker-dealer or registered
representative of a broker-dealer.
We do not recommend or select other investment advisers for our Clients.
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Code of Ethics
LMR Partners has adopted a “Code of Ethics” that establishes the high standard of conduct
that we expect of our employees and procedures regarding our employees’ personal trading
of securities. Our employees are required to certify their adherence to the terms set forth in
the Code of Ethics upon commencement of employment and quarterly thereafter. Employees
are required to provide quarterly certifications of compliance with certain Code of Ethics
provisions.
The foundation of our Code of Ethics is based upon the following underlying fiduciary
principles:
• Employees must at all times place the interests of Clients/Funds first;
• Employees must ensure that all personal securities transactions are conducted
consistent with the Code of Ethics; and
• Employees should not take inappropriate advantage of their position at the Firm.
Participation or Interest in Client Transactions Neither we nor our related persons generally purchase any securities for their own accounts
from, or sell any securities for their own accounts to, the Funds. LMR Partners may solicit
qualified Investors to invest in a Fund. LMR Partners could be considered to have
recommended an investment in the Fund as suitable for an Investor as a result of the
relationship between LMR Partners and the Fund. LMR Partners will inform each Investor of
its relationship with a Fund prior to the Investor’s investment, but does not intend to advise
Investors as to the appropriateness of the investment and will not receive any compensation
for doing so or for selling interests in a Fund (except to the extent that LMR Partners receives
Management Fees and performance compensation from all Investors).
LMR Partners discloses these, and other potential conflicts of interest, to Investors in the
Fund’s offering documents. These materials are delivered to Investors prior to their
investment and Investors are given the opportunity to ask questions and seek answers
regarding, among other things, potential conflicts involving the Firm, its affiliates, or the
executive officers of the foregoing.
Personal Securities Trading LMR Partners’ policy regarding personal securities trading by personnel (the “Employee
Investment Policy”) significantly constrains the ability of personnel to engage in personal
securities trading. Under the Employee Investment Policy, employees, their spouses,
immediate family members and other dependents (where the employee has investment
discretion), are required to direct their brokers, or directly provide, duplicate copies of
personal discretionary brokerage account statements to the compliance team, which are used
to monitor compliance with the Employee Investment Policy.
Employees must obtain pre-approval from the compliance team before: (i) effecting any
personal trades in covered securities; (ii) engaging in any outside business activities that may
present a conflict with the employees’ duties at the Firm; or (iii) making any private
investments.
We will provide a copy of our Code of Ethics policy to our Investors, or any prospective investor
or client, upon request.
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LMR US is authorised to determine the broker-dealer to be used for executing securities
transactions for the Funds. In selecting broker-dealers to execute transactions, we do not need
to solicit competitive bids and do not have an obligation to seek the lowest available
commission cost. The Funds’ securities and other assets are held in securities accounts at our
prime brokers that are “Qualified Custodians” as defined under the Advisers Act.
Best Execution LMR has a duty to obtain best execution for its Clients and accordingly has adopted a Best
Execution Policy (“Best Execution Policy”), which sets forth the criteria considered when
selecting a broker-dealer.
LMR utilises various brokers and dealers to execute securities transactions and will take all
sufficient steps to achieve the best possible result for the Client (i.e. sufficient steps will be
taken in order to obtain “best execution”) which may include, but are not limited to:
• price;
• costs;
• speed;
• likelihood of execution and settlement (including the creditworthiness of the venue
and the quality of any related clearing and settlement facilities);
• size;
• any other consideration relevant to the execution of the order, including whether the
executing broker is providing services to LMR beyond merely trade execution.
In addition to these factors we believe that achieving best execution may also involve a
consideration of the following:
• the liquidity of the market; and
• the size and nature of the order, including whether it is executed on a regulated
market or over-the-counter.
All these factors will be considered and prioritised in light of the following execution criteria
of the Clients:
• objectives;
• investment policy;
• risks specific to the Client;
• the characteristics of the order;
• the characteristics of the financial instruments or other assets that are the subject of
the order; and
• the characteristics of the broker-dealers and/or execution venues to which that order
can be directed.
Soft Dollars
The Firm may use “Soft Dollars” generated by the Fund’s trading activities to purchase
brokerage and research services or products that would otherwise have been our expense.
We intend to keep any such arrangements within the parameters of the safe harbour of
Section 28(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. The firm currently does not utilise soft
dollars.
Neither LMR Partners nor any related person receives client referrals from any broker-dealer
or third party. However, subject to the Best Execution Policy, LMR Partners may consider,
among other things, capital introduction and marketing assistance with respect to Investors
in the Funds in selecting or recommending broker-dealers for the Funds.
The provision by a broker of research and other services and property to us creates an
incentive for us to select such broker since we would not have to pay for such research and
other services and property as opposed to solely seeking the most favourable execution for a
client. Any research, services or property provided by a broker may benefit any client and
such benefits may not be proportionate to commission dollars related to the provision of such
research, services or property.
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Our portfolio managers and investment professionals continuously monitor and analyse the
transactions, positions, and investment levels of the Fund to ensure that they conform with
the investment objectives and guidelines that are stated in the relevant Funds’ offering
documents. In these reviews, we pay particular attention to any changes in the investment’s
fundamentals, overall risk management and changes in the markets that may affect price
levels.
Account Reporting
We perform various periodic reviews of each Client’s/Fund’s portfolio in conjunction with the
fund’s administrators.
We will distribute annual audited financial statements with respect to the previous fiscal year
to all Investors within 120 days of relevant Fund’s fiscal year end. We also may distribute other
interim reports to Investors.
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We do not receive economic benefits from non-clients for providing investment advice and
other advisory services. Neither we nor any of our related persons directly or indirectly
compensates any person who is not a supervised person, including placement agents, for
client referrals.
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Rule 206(4)-2 under the Advisers Act (and certain related rules and regulations under the
Advisers Act) imposes certain obligations on registered investment advisers that have custody
or possession of any funds or securities in which any client has any beneficial interest
("Custody Rule"). An investment adviser is deemed to have custody or possession of client
funds or securities if the adviser directly or indirectly holds client funds or securities or has the
authority to obtain possession of them.
We will comply with Custody Rule by meeting the conditions of the pooled vehicle annual
audit approach. Upon completion of the relevant Fund’s annual audit by an independent
auditor registered with, and subject to inspection by, the Public Company Accounting
Oversight Board (PCAOB), we will distribute the Fund’s audited financials to Investors within
120 days of the Fund’s fiscal year end.
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We will have full discretionary authority over the Fund, including authority to make decisions
with respect to which securities to be bought and sold, as well as the amount and price of
those securities. Our investment decisions and advice with respect to the Fund are subject to
the Fund’s investment objectives and guidelines, as set forth in the applicable offering
documents.
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In compliance with the Advisers Act’s Proxy Voting Rule, we have adopted proxy voting
policies and procedures. The general policy is to vote proxy proposals, amendments, consents
or resolutions (collectively, “Proxies”) in a prudent and diligent manner that will serve the
applicable client’s best interests and is in line with each client’s investment objectives.
We may take into account all relevant factors, as determined by us in our discretion, including,
without limitation:
• the impact on the value of the securities or instruments owned by the relevant client
and the returns on those securities;
• the anticipated associated costs and benefits;
• the continued or increased availability of portfolio information; and
• industry and business practices.
In limited circumstances, we may refrain from voting Proxies where we believe that voting
would be inappropriate, taking into consideration the cost of voting the Proxies and the
anticipated benefit to our clients. Generally, clients may not direct our vote in a particular
solicitation.
Conflicts of interest may arise between the interests of our clients, on the one hand, and us
or our affiliates on the other hand. If we determine that we may have, or be perceived to have,
a conflict of interest when voting Proxies, we will vote in accordance with our Proxy voting
policies and procedures.
Clients may obtain a copy of our Proxy voting policies and our Proxy voting record upon
request.
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We are not required to include a balance sheet for our most recent fiscal year, are not aware
of any financial condition reasonably likely to impair our ability to meet contractual
commitments to Clients, and have not been the subject of a bankruptcy petition at any time
during the past ten years.
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Open Brochure from SEC website