Founded in 2017, Sterling Partners Equity Advisors LLC ("SPEA" or "Firm"), is a Chicago-based
investment adviser focusing on small capitalization public equity securities with a value
orientation. SPEA also offers broader based wealth advisory (“Wealth Advisory”) services to high
net worth individuals. SPEA is a limited liability company formed under the laws of the State of
Delaware. The principal owner of SPEA is Sterling Partners Investment Group LLC (“SPIG”),
which is also a related person of Sterling Fund Management, LLC (“SFM”), an investment adviser
registered with the SEC. Other than SPIG, there are no individuals or entities who own 25% or
more of SPEA directly. SPEA endeavors to adhere to a disciplined process of intrinsic value
investing. The Firm's goal is to deliver superior returns over the long term by combining an
accomplished, stable and motivated investment team with a disciplined and repeatable process.
There can be no assurance this objective will be achieved. The Firm offers investment management
services to separately managed accounts and to other managers in a sub-advisory capacity.
SPEA concentrates its investment strategy on two composites of predominantly small-
capitalization companies. One portfolio is a non-diversified, conviction style of investment,
typically holding 25 to 35 publicly traded equity positions and cash of less than 10%. The other
portfolio is a diversified style of investment, typically holding 50 to 70 equity positions and cash
of less than 10%. In addition, SPEA manages portfolios of separate large and mid-capitalization
publicly traded equities. Also, for select client portfolios, SPEA has utilized stock options or
exchange-traded funds (ETFs) in an effort to enhance returns and/or reduce portfolio volatility.
Upon a client’s request, SPEA can customize composites of specific client mandates. In addition,
for select clients, SPEA can utilize options strategies as described above. Due to the affiliation of
SPEA with SPIG and SFM there can be securities on which SPEA is not able to advise clients due
to conflicts of interest that would arise if SPEA were to advise on the security. SPEA will disclose
the conflict of interest to any client as it arises and SPEA will refrain from recommending the
securities while the conflict of interest remains.
SPEA’s investment philosophy for Wealth Advisory clients is based on a long-term perspective,
taking into consideration asset allocation and diversification among several asset classes. For the
most part, Wealth Advisory clients will generally be advised on mutual funds, ETFs and index
funds, as well as corporate bonds and U.S. government securities.
As a starting point, the Firm meets with each Wealth Advisory client or their representatives to
establish the client’s short-, medium-, and long-term investment goals and objectives. Various
model portfolios are then discussed, including the risk and potential return associated with each.
Based on these discussions, a strategy consistent with the client’s risk preferences is formulated to
accomplish the client’s objectives. SPEA does not participate in any wrap fee programs. The
strategy is distinct from the small-cap composite investing which is the principal focus of SPEA.
SPEA manages assets of certain separately managed accounts on a discretionary basis and other
separately managed accounts on a non-discretionary basis. As of December 31, 2019, SPEA had
$28,756,587, in regulatory assets under management, $2,876,105, of which are managed on a non-
discretionary basis.
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Compensation and Fee Schedules
In consideration of the investment management services provided, SPEA charges management
fees to its clients. Clients generally pay SPEA a management fee of 1% of assets under
management per year, quarterly in advance. Management fees are generally deducted from
individual client accounts and paid to SPEA by the custodian. SPEA has however, in its sole
discretion, the ability to elect to reduce or waive all or a portion of the management fee. Such
factors SPEA considers in waiving or reducing all or a portion of the management fee include, but
are not limited to, the size of an investor's account, an investor's relationship to SPEA and its
employees and its affiliates, and strategic relationships. Management fees are typically waived or
reduced with respect to SPEA or its related persons and/or certain business associates or other
“friends and family” of SPEA.
Deduction of Fees; Timing of Payments; Termination
SPEA is authorized under the investment management agreements in effect with each client from
time to time (each, an “Investment Management Agreement”) to charge and deduct management
fees directly from the assets in each account quarterly and in advance. Payment of management
fees is generally made in the first month of each quarter and in accordance with the terms of the
Investment Management Agreement with each client.
Investment Management Agreements generally can be terminated by SPEA on five (5) business
days prior written notice and generally can be terminated by a client immediately upon receipt of
notice thereof. Upon termination of any advisory relationship with SPEA’s notice thereof, any
prepaid, unearned Management Fees will be refunded to such account, and any earned, unpaid fees
will be due and payable.
Other Fees and Expenses In addition to the investment advisory services discussed above, clients can incur third-party
investment management, brokerage, custodial, administration, reporting/performance
measurement and other transaction fees in connection with the implementation of their investment
management strategy. These additional fees are negotiated between the client and each third party
directly. Generally, compensation received by the Firm only comes from its clients. Wealth
Advisory clients can also incur third-party fees in connection with their investments in ETFs,
mutual funds and index funds.
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Performance-Based Fees
SPEA does not have any performance-based fee arrangements with its clients. In this regard, SPEA
does not engage in side-by-side management (i.e., the management of client accounts pursuant to
different fee structures).
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Types of Clients
SPEA generally provides discretionary investment management services to individuals (including
high net worth individuals and family foundations) and can provide discretionary advice to
institutional investors (such as corporate pension funds), estate planning trusts, families, family
limited partnerships, family offices and related trustees, as well as the clients of brokers and
registered investment advisers. SPEA can also act as a sub-adviser to other investment advisers.
Generally, these clients are “qualified purchasers” as defined in the Investment Company Act of
1940, as amended.
Minimum Investment Requirements In general, the minimum investment commitment required of an investor to participate in a
separately managed account is $1,000,000; however, SPEA has discretion to increase or reduce
the minimum investment commitment at any time. The minimum investment commitment can be
waived or reduced with respect to SPEA’s related persons and/or certain business associates or
other “friends and family” of SPEA.
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Methods of Analysis In SPEA’s primary strategies, the Firm generally employs fundamental analysis methods in
developing investment strategies for its clients. Research and analysis performed by SPEA is
derived from numerous sources, including financial media companies, third-party research
materials, internet sources, and review of company activities, including annual reports,
prospectuses, press releases and research prepared by others.
Fundamental accounting data and financial analysis utilizes economic and business information
relevant to the investment selection process. These criteria are generally ratios and trends that
may indicate the overall strength and financial viability of the company being analyzed.
Investments are deemed suitable if they meet certain criteria to indicate that they are an attractive
investment with a value discounted by the market. While this type of analysis helps the Firm in
evaluating a potential investment, it does not guarantee that the investment will increase in value.
Investments meeting the investment criteria utilized in the fundamental analysis may lose value
and may have negative investment performance. The Firm regularly monitors these economic
indicators to determine if adjustments to portfolio holdings are appropriate.
Material Risks Involved
All investors bear certain risks when investing their money, regardless of the instrument, sector,
or asset class chosen. Securities or other financial instruments may fluctuate in value or lose value.
SPEA seeks to manage such risks, but there is no guarantee that a client will not suffer losses. The
task of identifying investment opportunities and managing such investments is difficult. There can
be no assurance that SPEA will be able to make any particular investment or that it will be able to
generate returns for its investors. Investors should carefully consider, among other factors, the
following material risks involved with SPEA’s investment strategies.
Risks in General
Domestic and foreign economic growth and market conditions, interest rate levels, and political
events are among the factors affecting the securities markets of the Firm's investments. There is
risk that these and other factors may adversely affect performance. An investor should consider
their own investment goals, time horizon, and risk tolerance before investing with the Firm. An
investment with SPEA may not be appropriate for all investors and is not intended to be a complete
investment program. An investor may lose money by investing with the Firm.
Small-Sized Companies Risk
Because the Firm invests primarily in securities issued by small capitalization companies, it has
the potential to be more volatile than an investment that focuses on securities issued by larger
companies. The earnings and prospects of these companies can be more volatile than larger
companies. Small-sized companies may experience higher failure rates than do larger companies.
The trading volume of securities of small-sized companies is normally less than that of larger
companies and, therefore, may disproportionately affect their market price, tending to make them
fall more in response to selling pressure than is the case with larger companies. Small-sized
companies may have limited markets, product lines or financial resources and may lack
management experience. Small-sized companies may have a less experienced management,
narrower product lines, more limited financial resources, and less publicly available information
than larger companies. In addition, smaller companies are typically more sensitive to changes in
overall economic conditions and their securities may be difficult to trade.
Value Investing Risk
Value investing attempts to identify companies selling at a discount to their intrinsic value. Value
investing is subject to the risk that a company's intrinsic value may never be fully realized by the
market or that a company judged by SPEA to be undervalued may actually be appropriately priced.
Management Risk
Management risk is the risk that the investment process used by the portfolio manager could fail
to achieve the investment goal and cause an investment to lose value. There is no assurance
whatsoever that the Firm’s investments will be profitable.
Operating History Risk
While the principals of the Firm have extensive industry experience, and the two senior members
of the investment team have worked together for more than 10 years, the Firm has a limited history
of operation. Accordingly, an investment with SPEA entails a high degree of risk. There can be no
assurance that the Adviser will achieve its investment objective notwithstanding the performance
of any or all of the foregoing or their respective affiliates or principals in other transactions.
Economic and Market Risk
Securities in which SPEA invests may be sensitive to general downward swings in the overall
economy or in the sectors in which such companies operate. Factors affecting economic
conditions, including, for example, inflation rates, industry conditions, competition, technological
developments, domestic and worldwide political, military and diplomatic events and trends, tax
laws, credit market conditions and innumerable other factors, none of which will be within the
control of SPEA, can affect substantially the accounts. A major recession or adverse developments
in the securities or credit markets might have a material adverse impact on some or all of SPEA’s
investments.
Cyber Security Breaches and Identity Theft SPEA and its service providers’ information and technology systems are subject to damage or
interruption from computer viruses, network failures, computer and telecommunication failures,
infiltration by unauthorized persons and security breaches, usage errors by their respective
professionals, power outages and catastrophic events such as fires, tornadoes, floods, hurricanes
and earthquakes. Although SPEA has implemented various measures to manage risks relating to
these types of events, if these systems are compromised, become inoperable for extended periods
of time or cease to function properly, SPEA and/or a service provider thereof potentially would
have to make a significant investment to fix or replace them. The failure of these systems and/or
of disaster recovery plans for any reason could cause significant interruptions in SPEA and/or a
service provider’s operations and result in a failure to maintain the security, confidentiality or
privacy of sensitive data, including personal information relating to investors. Such a failure could
harm SPEA and/or a service provider’s reputation, subject such entities and their respective
affiliates to legal claims and otherwise adversely affect their business and financial performance.
Volatility and Concentrated Portfolio Risk
Concentrated portfolios are an aggressive and highly volatile approach to trading and investing
and should be viewed as complementary to a stable, highly predictable investment approach.
Concentrated portfolios hold fewer different stocks than a diversified portfolio and are much more
likely to experience sudden dramatic price swings. In addition, the rise or drop in price of any
given holding in the portfolio is likely to have a larger impact on portfolio performance, than a
more broadly diversified portfolio.
Restricted List Risk
SPEA may refrain from rendering any advice or services concerning securities of companies of
which any of SPEA’s, or affiliates of SPEA’s (including SFM’s) officers, directors, or employees
are directors or officers, or companies in which SPEA or any of SPEA’s affiliates or the officers,
director and employees or any of them may have substantial economic interest.
Key Person Risk
SPEA relies on the principals of the Firm to provide strategic direction for the Firm and the
recommendations made by advisory persons of the Firm. In the case of loss of one or all of the
principals of the Firm, the strategies that are employed may be modified. SPEA has a dedicated
plan in place to address the loss of the principals of the Firm, which may include continuing to
service clients with the remaining principals or the transfer of client accounts to another Registered
Investment Adviser with a similar investment philosophy that will maintain licenses to service the
client’s accounts after consent has been obtained from the client for the transfer. At present there
is one key principal executing the investment strategy.
Custodian Risk
Institutions, such as banks and brokers, have custody of the client’s assets. Bankruptcy or fraud at
one of these institutions may cause a client to lose all or a portion of its assets held by those
custodians, or to be unable to access those assets for a prolonged period of time.
Interest Rate and Indices Risk The Firm, as part of its Wealth Advisory business, may invest in government securities, including
treasury bills, as well as indices and ETFs. Such investments are subject to interest rate risk (the
value of fixed income securities are expected to change inversely with changes in interest rates).
Changes in interest rates may have a negative impact on a client’s investment. Additionally, it is
possible that a financial instrument which is designed to track the performance of an index may
fail to do so due to disruptions in the markets for the financial instrument or due to other
extraordinary circumstances. There can be no assurances that the indices or ETFs will function as
they are designed or intended, or that positions in such investments will be liquid, which could
lead to substantial loss.
Coronavirus Outbreak Risks. The recent global outbreak of the 2019 novel coronavirus (“COVID-19”), together with resulting
voluntary and U.S. federal and state and non-U.S. governmental actions, including, without
limitation, mandatory business closures, public gathering limitations, restrictions on travel and
quarantines, has meaningfully disrupted the global economy and markets. Although the long-term
economic fallout of COVID-19 is difficult to predict, it has and is expected to continue to have
ongoing material adverse effects across many, if not all, aspects of the regional, national and global
economy. In particular, the COVID-19 outbreak has already, and will continue to, adversely affect
clients’ investments. Furthermore, SPEA’s ability to operate effectively, including the ability of
its personnel or its service providers and other contractors to function, communicate and travel to
the extent necessary to carry out its investment strategies and objectives and SPEA’s business and
to satisfy its obligations to its investors, and pursuant to applicable law, has been, and will continue
to be, impaired. The spread of COVID-19 among SPEA’s personnel and its service providers
would also significantly affect SPEA’s ability to properly oversee the affairs of the its clients
(particularly to the extent such impacted personnel include key investment professionals or other
members of senior management).
The COVID-19 pandemic has caused significant volatility in the credit and equity markets, which,
in turn, has resulted in significant losses to alternative investment strategies. Clients can incur
major losses as a result of disrupted markets in which historical pricing relationships become
materially distorted, and such events can cause unprecedented volatility and risk compared to the
risk in more normal environments. The risk of loss from pricing distortions is compounded by the
fact that in disrupted markets many positions become less liquid, even investments that SPEA
believes to be more liquid may prove to be illiquid making it difficult or impossible to close out
positions.
In addition, SPEA primarily invests in equity securities of companies with small to medium-sized
market capitalizations in the United States. Small and medium capitalization companies provide
significant opportunities, but they also involve higher risks in some respects than do investments
in securities of larger companies. For example, the prices of these securities are often more volatile
than prices of large capitalization companies, and the public information regarding the securities
of small to medium-sized companies may be less complete, accurate and timely. As a result,
particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic, SPEA’s specific strategies and concentrated
portfolios could experience greater losses, more risk and volatility compared to broader market
portfolios and indexes.
Suspension of Trading
Financial exchanges may from time to time suspend or limit trading. Such a suspension could
render it difficult or impossible for SPEA to liquidate affected positions and thereby expose clients
to losses. When there is aberrational trading or pricing activity in the markets, financial exchanges
and government regulators can impose ad hoc or after-the-fact measures such as cancelling trades
or orders. The imposition and effects of such measures are unpredictable and can cause material
losses to market participants, including SPEA.
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SPEA and its management persons have not been the subject of any material legal or disciplinary
proceeding required to be disclosed in response to this item.
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SPEA’s sole business is providing discretionary investment advisory services to its clients,
although it also manages non-discretionary accounts as needed. SPEA is not engaged in any other
business activities.
Registered Broker-Dealers
Neither SPEA nor any of its management persons are registered, or have an application pending
to register, as a broker-dealer or a registered representative of a broker-dealer.
Registered Futures Commission Merchants, Commodity Pool Operators and Commodity Trading
Advisors
Sterling Partners Quantitative Investments LLC (“SPQI”) is a related person of SPEA and is a
commodity trading advisor and commodity pool operator registered with the Commodity Futures
Trading Commission and a member of the National Futures Association. SPEA does not conduct
any business with SPQI, but shares common ownership. None of SPEA’s other personnel are
registered or has an application pending to register as a futures commission merchant, commodity
pool operator, commodity trading advisor, or associated person of the foregoing.
Affiliations with Private Funds The principal indirect owners of SPEA also own SFM, which serves as an investment adviser to a
number of private funds. Clients of SPEA may also be investors in one or more of the private funds
that SFM advises. Certain employees of SFM provide services to SPEA, including those related
to finance, IT, legal and compliance and, as such, such employees are not dedicated exclusively to
SPEA. SPEA will not earn ongoing investment advisory fees on investments in private funds on
which SFM advises on.
Potential Conflicts SPEA has and will continue to develop relationships with professionals who provide services it
does not provide, including legal, accounting, banking, tax preparation, insurance brokerage,
trading and related services, software services, and other professional services. None of the above
relationships are expected to create a material conflict of interest with SPEA or its investors. There
is no assurance that this will always be the case.
From time to time, SPEA may receive training, information, promotional material, meals, gifts or
prize drawings from vendors and others with whom it may do business or to whom it may make
referrals. At no time will SPEA accept any benefits, gifts or other arrangements that are
conditioned on directing individual client transactions to a specific security, product or provider.
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Trading
Code of Ethics
SPEA has adopted a code of ethics (“Code of Ethics”) under Rule 204A-1 of the Advisers Act,
expressing the Firm’s commitment to ethical conduct. SPEA’s Code of Ethics describes its
fiduciary duties and responsibilities to its advisory clients, is designed to attempt to detect and seek
to manage potential conflicts of interest and sets forth, among other things, SPEA’s (1) policies on
receipt of gifts by employees and the making of political campaign contributions, (2) practice of
obtaining periodic reports on and monitoring the personal securities transactions of its supervised
persons with access to client investment recommendations, (3) pre-clearance requirements for
certain personal securities transactions by such supervised persons, and (4) pre-clearance
requirements for political contributions. Under SPEA’s Code of Ethics, all of its supervised
persons have a duty to act only in the best interests of its clients and are required to promptly report
all violations of the Code of Ethics to SPEA’s CCO. All supervised persons must acknowledge
receipt of the Code of Ethics and any amendments thereto as well as to the general principles that
guide the Code.
SPEA will provide a complete copy of its Code of Ethics to any client or prospective client upon
request.
Participation or Interest in Client Transactions In certain situations, SPEA and/or its supervised persons may purchase or sell the same securities
that may be recommended to and purchased on behalf of its clients either directly or as owned
through one or more private funds. All such transactions are subject to compliance with SPEA’s
Code of Ethics. SPEA does not act as principal in any transactions. In addition, SPEA does not
act as the general partner of a fund, or advise an investment company. However, an affiliate of
SPEA acts as a general partner of various private equity funds and, as such, SPEA has adopted
policies to govern access to the information in the possession of SPEA affiliates. SPEA does not
have a material interest in any securities traded in client accounts.
Personal Trading in Same Securities as Clients
SPEA doesn’t allow its supervised persons to purchase or sell the same securities that may be
recommended to and purchased on behalf of clients other than through accounts managed by SPEA
or by third parties pursuant to discretionary managed account agreements. As noted above, SPEA
has adopted the Code of Ethics to address insider trading (material non-public information
controls); gifts and entertainment; outside business activities and personal securities reporting.
When trading for personal accounts, supervised persons would have a conflict of interest if trading
in the same securities other than through SPEA or third-party managed accounts. Also, the
fiduciary duty to act in the best interest of its clients could potentially be violated if personal trades
were made with more advantageous terms than client trades, or by trading based on material non-
public information. Thus, supervised persons’ ability to trade the same securities as clients is
restricted as described above. These restrictions are monitored by SPEA’s compliance department
by requiring reporting of personal securities trades and by conducting a coordinated review of
personal accounts and the accounts of the clients. SPEA has also adopted written policies and
procedures to detect the misuse of material, non-public information.
Personal Trading at Same Time as Client
While SPEA allows its supervised persons to purchase or sell the same securities, through client
accounts that may be recommended to and purchased on behalf of clients, such trades are
typically aggregated with client orders or traded afterwards. At no time will SPEA, or any
supervised person of SPEA, transact in any security to the detriment of any client.
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Discretionary Brokerage
SPEA does not have discretionary authority to select the broker-dealer/custodian for custody and
execution services. SPEA seeks to satisfy its best execution obligation when recommending a
broker/dealer by considering relevant facts and circumstances, including, but not limited to, the
broker’s service and responsiveness, the price and size of the order, the trading characteristics of
the securities involved, the value of research provided by the broker, the broker’s execution
abilities, commission rates, and the broker’s financial responsibility. SPEA will not necessarily
recommend the broker-dealer offering the lowest commission cost.
Research and Soft Dollar Benefits
SPEA does not engage in soft dollar arrangements with respect to securities transactions for its
clients.
SPEA does not select broker-dealers or bank custodians for its clients. However, the Firm does
recommend that some clients use a specific custodian to make more efficient the execution of
trades for such clients. SPEA does not receive any consideration in exchange for this
recommendation. Rather, SPEA researched various bank custodians and broker-dealers and found
its selected custodian to offer competitive costs, excellent services and a combination of services
well-suited for its clients.
The Firm does not derive any soft dollar benefits. In recommending brokers or dealers to execute
transactions, SPEA will consider the following factors, among others: the financial stability and
reputation of the broker, the Firm’s and its Principals’ experience with the broker, the quality of
the investment research, investment strategies, special execution capabilities, clearance,
settlement, custody, recordkeeping and other services provided by such broker.
Brokerage for Client Referrals
SPEA does not select broker-dealers for clients, nor does the Firm receive client referrals from
broker-dealers or third parties. Clients may select their own broker-dealer for trade execution.
Directed Brokerage
SPEA does not recommend, request or require clients to execute transactions through a specified
broker-dealer. SPEA does permit clients to direct brokerage. In such cases, SPEA may be unable
to achieve the most favorable execution of client transactions and the client may perceive less
favorable prices and may pay higher brokerage commissions, as SPEA may not be able to
aggregate orders to reduce transaction costs.
Trade Aggregation
SPEA will, to the extent possible, generally aggregate purchase and sale orders for client accounts
when it believes such aggregation can result in lower commission rates or more favorable
transaction prices, and to maintain consistent buy and sell prices across all accounts.
Pursuant to SPEA’s policy, the proposed allocation of any such combined order placed on behalf
of more than one client account will be determined and recorded in writing prior to placing the
order. If all such orders are not filled at the same price, then SPEA will use reasonable measures
to cause each account to pay or receive the average of the prices at which the orders were filled
for all accounts. If all orders placed for a client account cannot be fully executed under prevailing
market conditions, then SPEA will use reasonable measures to ensure that the securities purchased
or sold are allocated among the applicable client accounts on a pro rata basis or in some other
equitable manner, taking into account the size of the order placed for each client account and any
other relevant factors.
Trade Errors
Under SPEA’s Trade Errors Policy, to the extent trade errors occur, SPEA will seek to ensure that
its client’s best interests are served. SPEA’s policy is to resolve all trade errors as quickly as
possible, while ensuring the client is not disadvantaged, consistent with the orderly disposition
(and/or acquisition) of the securities in question. Actual losses suffered by a client account as a
result of a trade error caused by the gross negligence of the Firm will be reimbursed by SPEA.
However, as a general matter, SPEA does not compensate clients for lost investment opportunities.
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Review of Client Accounts
Senior investment professionals at SPEA will review client accounts at least quarterly. SPEA also
regularly monitors risk. Reviews are conducted by the portfolio manager along with other Firm
analysts when necessary. In addition to the quarterly client account reviews, the Firm may review
client accounts when any of the following occur: any major change in the investment environment;
any major change in reported investment performance that is inconsistent with the investment
environment and the client's risk parameters; any major change in a client's investment objectives
or liquidity; or any major change in client assets under management.
Reports to Clients
SPEA distributes quarterly written reports to its clients setting out the general performance of each
client’s account and the Firm’s view of current market conditions.
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Economic Benefits Received from Third Parties
Only clients provide an economic benefit to the Firm in exchange for providing investment advice.
Third Party Compensation for Investor Referrals
The Firm engages placement agents, solicitors and appropriately registered persons to assist with
marketing the Firm’s. Such placement agents, solicitors or other persons will be compensated by
SPEA directly out of its own funds, or SPEA could agree to share management fees. All such
relationships are structured and conducted strictly in accordance with SEC rules and regulations
and the Firm’s policies and practices related to such matters.
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SPEA does not maintain custody over client accounts. Clients have established their own,
independent relationships with a qualified custodian and receive statements directly from such
chosen custodian. Advisory fees owed to SPEA are deducted directly from each client account.
Qualified custodians distribute account statements directly to each client. The Firm urges clients
to compare the statements they receive from their qualified custodians with any statements they
receive from the Firm. SPEA will not maintain custody over accounts managed in a sub-advisory
capacity.
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SPEA generally will be retained on a fully discretionary basis and will be authorized to determine
and direct execution of portfolio transactions pursuant to the terms of the Investment Management
Agreement and other documents executed between SPEA and each investor. In these documents,
SPEA and its clients may place limitations on discretionary authority, such as specific securities
or types of securities SPEA is not authorized to purchase for the account. The terms upon which
the Firm serves as an investment manager are established at the time each client retains the Firm
as their investment manager.
Once a client executes an Investment Management Agreement or similar document with SPEA,
the Firm is not required to contact the client prior to transacting any business, unless otherwise
specified. Clients who have granted discretionary trading authority to SPEA are required to grant
a "limited power of attorney" over clients' custodial accounts for purposes of trading and fee
deduction.
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SPEA has, and will accept, authority to vote client securities. SPEA has adopted policies and
procedures (“Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures”) which have been designed to ensure that
SPEA complies with the requirements of Rule 206(4)-6 under the Advisers Act to vote its clients'
proxies. SPEA has engaged a third-party proxy advisory service, Broadridge Financial Solutions,
Inc. (“Broadridge”) to furnish proxy voting research and execution services on behalf of SPEA’s
clients. Votes are typically cast through the Broadridge ProxyEdge platform which provides
access to proxy voting recommendations and historical voting information. In general, SPEA
relies on Broadridge to research proxy proposals and vote client proxies consistent with pre-set
voting guidelines without the Advisor’s review or input. For certain non-routine proposals SPEA
is responsible for determining if and how the proxies should be voted and for manually entering
the vote in ProxyEdge. Broadridge will retain all proxy voting records in accordance with SEC
Rule 206(4)-6. SPEA retains ultimate authority with regard to voting client securities. In general,
investors are not permitted to direct the vote of SPEA with respect to the securities held by such
account.
If the client has not given SPEA discretion to vote proxies on its behalf in its Investment
Management Agreement, the client will be in receipt of proxies or other solicitations directly from
its custodian or transfer agent. However, the client is free to contact SPEA to discuss or answer
any questions it may have pertaining to a particular solicitation.
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SPEA has no financial condition that is reasonably likely to impair its ability to meet contractual
commitments to clients, and has not been the subject of a bankruptcy proceeding. SPEA is not
required to deliver a balance sheet along with this Brochure as the Firm does not collect fees of
$1,200 or more for services to be performed six months or more in advance.
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Open Brochure from SEC website