A. General Description of Firm. Appaloosa, a Delaware limited partnership, is an investment adviser
with its principal place of business in Short Hills, New Jersey. Appaloosa commenced operations as an
investment adviser on January 1, 2016. On that date, Appaloosa replaced Appaloosa Management L.P.
(“AMLP”), a Delaware limited partnership, as investment adviser to Palomino Master Ltd. Appaloosa
Capital Inc. is the general partner of Appaloosa. David A. Tepper is the principal owner of Appaloosa,
Appaloosa Capital Inc. and AMLP.
B. Description of Advisory Services. Appaloosa provides advisory services on a discretionary basis to
two private funds, Palomino Master Ltd. and Azteca Partners LLC (also referred to herein as “Clients” or
“Funds”). Palomino Master Ltd. is intended for sophisticated investors and institutional investors. Azteca
Partners LLC is an investment vehicle exclusively for principals and employees of Appaloosa.
Appaloosa is generally granted broad investment authority with respect to the management of the accounts
of its Clients. Appaloosa seeks to obtain annual returns substantially in excess of those derived from buy-
and-hold strategies for equity securities, investment-grade fixed-income and high-yield debt by purchasing
and selling high-yield bonds, bank loans to highly-leveraged companies, sovereign debt and other debt and
equity securities, including securities of financially-distressed companies.
Investors and prospective investors should refer to the confidential private placement memorandum, limited
partnership agreement, limited liability company agreement, memorandum and articles of association, and
other governing documents for each Fund (the “Governing Documents”) for more complete information
about the investment objectives and investment restrictions with respect to a particular Fund. There is no
assurance that the investment objectives will be achieved.
C. Availability of Tailored Services for Individual Clients. Appaloosa may enter into “side letters” or
similar agreements with certain investors in the Funds granting the investor certain specific rights, benefits,
or privileges that are not made available to other investors. Investors may not impose restrictions on
investing in certain securities or certain types of securities except as agreed to in the Governing Documents.
D. Wrap Fee Programs. Appaloosa does not participate in wrap fee programs.
E. Assets Under Management. As of December 31, 2019, Appaloosa had approximately
$13,086,600,000 in net assets under management, all of which was managed on a discretionary basis.
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A. Advisory Fees.
All investors should review the Governing Documents for each Fund in conjunction with this brochure for
more complete information about the fees and compensation payable to Appaloosa.
Asset-Based Compensation
Appaloosa charges each Fund with outside investors an investment management fee at the rate of 2.0%
of net assets annually. Investment management fees are charged each quarter in advance based on the
total market value of the net assets of each Fund (including net unrealized appreciation or depreciation of
investments and cash, cash equivalents and accrued interest) on the first day of the quarter.
Performance-Based Compensation
AMLP receives a performance fee each year from each Fund with outside investors equal to 20% of the
net appreciation of the investment of each investor in the Fund.
The fees charged by Appaloosa are not negotiable but may be waived or modified in Appaloosa’s sole
discretion. Generally, Appaloosa’s related persons do not pay performance or advisory fees.
B. Payment of Fees. Appaloosa deducts the investment management fee from Client accounts on a
quarterly basis by instructing the Client’s custodian.
C. Other Fees and Expenses. In addition to paying investment management fees and performance-
based fees or allocations, Client accounts will also be subject to other investment expenses such as
custodial charges, brokerage fees, commissions and related costs; costs of research, pricing, data and
similar services; costs of margin accounts and other borrowings; borrowing charges on securities sold short;
interest expense; taxes, duties and other governmental charges; transfer and registration fees or similar
expenses; costs associated with foreign exchange transactions; costs of any outside appraisers,
accountants, attorneys or other experts or consultants engaged in connection with specific investments;
any legal fees and costs arising in connection with any litigation or regulatory investigation; other portfolio
expenses; and costs, expenses and fees (including, investment advisory and other fees charged by
investment advisers with, or funds in, which the Client’s account invests) associated with products or
services that may be necessary or incidental to such investments or accounts. Investors in each Fund will
bear their pro rata share of the Fund’s operating and other expenses including, in addition to those listed
above: legal expenses; audit and tax preparation expenses; fees and expenses of the administrator;
insurance costs; costs of acquiring, licensing or developing accounting, order management and other
computer systems and software used or incurred by Appaloosa in connection with its services to the Client;
costs of preparing required regulatory filings; and other ordinary operating and out-of-pocket expenses of the
Fund. Expenses are allocated among participating accounts in proportion to their participation in a
particular investment, in proportion to their respective net asset values, or in such other manner as
Appaloosa determines to be equitable. Please refer to Item 12 of this brochure for a discussion of
Appaloosa’s brokerage practices.
D. Prepayment of Fees.
Appaloosa is authorized under the Governing Documents to charge and deduct management/advisory fees
directly from the assets of each Fund. Clients are required to pay Appaloosa’s management/advisory fees
quarterly in advance.
E. Additional Compensation and Conflicts of Interest.
This question is not applicable.
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Appaloosa and its investment personnel provide investment management services to multiple Clients.
Appaloosa or an affiliate of Appaloosa, AMLP, is paid performance-based compensation by its Fund
Clients. In addition, Appaloosa’s investment personnel are typically compensated on a basis that includes
a performance-based component. Performance-based compensation arrangements may create an
incentive for Appaloosa to recommend investments that may be riskier or more speculative than those that
would be recommended under a different fee arrangement. When Appaloosa and its investment personnel
manage more than one Client account, a potential exists for one Client account to be favored over another
Client account.
Appaloosa has adopted and implemented policies and procedures intended to address potential conflicts
of interest relating to the management of multiple accounts, including the allocation of investment
opportunities among such accounts. Appaloosa reviews investment decisions for the purpose of ensuring
that all Clients with substantially similar investment objectives are treated equitably. The performance of
similarly managed accounts is also regularly compared to determine whether there are any unexplained
significant discrepancies. In addition, Appaloosa’s procedures relating to the allocation of investment
opportunities require that similarly managed accounts participate in investment opportunities generally on
a pro rata basis based on asset size, subject to any relevant special considerations relating to liquidity
requirements, tax status, investment restrictions or other matters as described in Item 16 below, and
provided that different accounts may from time to time use different amounts of leverage.
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Appaloosa provides advice to pooled investment vehicles. The investors in each Fund may include
corporations, endowments, foundations, trusts, estates, individuals and pension and profit sharing plans.
Palomino Master Ltd. is offered exclusively to investors that meet both the definition of “accredited
investors” as defined in Regulation D under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”),
and “qualified purchasers” as defined in Section 2(a)(51) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as
amended (the “Investment Company Act”). Azteca Partners LLC, an investment vehicle exclusively for
principals and eligible employees of Appaloosa, is offered to “accredited investors” as defined in Regulation
D under the Securities Act. Palomino Master Ltd. is not required to register as an investment company
under the Investment Company Act in reliance upon the exemption under Section 3(c)(7) of the Investment
Company Act and Azteca Partners LLC is not required to register in reliance upon the exemption under
Section 3(c)(1) of the Investment Company Act.
The initial and additional subscription minimums are disclosed in the offering memorandum for each Fund.
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A. Methods of Analysis and Investment Strategies.
Appaloosa utilizes a variety of methods and strategies to make investment decisions and
recommendations. The primary method of analysis is fundamental research.
Appaloosa purchases and sells high-yield bonds, bank loans to highly-leveraged companies, sovereign
debt and other debt and equity securities, including securities of financially-distressed companies, in an
effort to obtain annual returns substantially in excess of those derived from buy-and-hold strategies for
investment-grade fixed-income, high-yield debt and equity securities.
These strategies and investments involve risk of loss to investors and investors must be prepared to bear
the loss of their entire investment.
B. Certain Risks Relating to Investment Strategies. The investment strategies employed by Appaloosa on behalf of its clients involve significant risks.
Prospective investors should carefully review the risks described in the Governing Documents for the
relevant Fund, and should evaluate the merits and risks of an investment in the context of their overall
financial circumstances. The risk factors below are not intended to be exhaustive and should be considered
carefully by prospective investors together with the full text of the applicable Governing Documents.
Distressed Situation Risk. Investment in distressed situations exposes the Client to significant risks,
including: the difficulty in obtaining information as to the issuer’s true condition; regulatory risk; lender
liability and bankruptcy; litigation risk; liquidity risk; and collection risk.
Illiquid Assets. A Fund may invest in “restricted” or non-publicly traded securities and loans or thinly traded
securities. It may not be easy to dispose of such non-publicly or thinly traded securities or loans, and in
some cases, there may be contractual restrictions preventing the disposal of securities for a specified period
of time. Such investments may require a significant amount of time from the date of initial investment before
disposition.
The ability of an investor to redeem or withdraw its investment or for a Fund to pay redemption or withdrawal
proceeds in respect of redemptions may be adversely affected by illiquidity of the underlying assets. If
redemptions exceed the amount of cash or other liquid assets immediately available to fund such
redemptions, a Fund may need to liquidate additional assets, which may in turn limit or otherwise affect
investment positions and strategies within a portfolio.
Concentration of Investments. Accounts managed by Appaloosa may at times hold relatively few
investments. The result of such concentration of investments is that a loss in any such position could
materially reduce the value of a Fund.
Leverage. Leverage can be employed in a variety of ways including direct borrowing, margining, short
selling and the use of futures, warrants, options, swaps and other derivative products. Generally, leverage
is used to increase the overall level of investment in a portfolio. This may expose an investor to increased
risk as leverage can increase an account’s market exposure and volatility. The risk of leverage in futures
contracts, options, warrants, swaps and other derivatives is that small movements in the price of the
underlying asset or index can result in large losses or profits. Many derivatives are not traded on any
exchange, and no assurance can be given that a liquid market will exist for any particular futures contract
or other derivative at any particular time.
Currency Exposure. Certain assets may be invested in securities and other investments that are
denominated in currencies other than the US Dollar and in other financial instruments, the price of which is
determined with reference to currencies other than the US Dollar. Accordingly, the value of such assets
may be affected favorably or unfavorably by fluctuations in currency rates.
Currency exchange rates are highly volatile and subject to severe event risks, as the political situation with
regard to the relevant foreign government may itself be volatile. Moreover, if the cash flow from investments
is contingent or uncertain, it may be difficult to quantify the attendant cross-currency risk, compounding the
risk of changes in underlying currencies by the other risks in the portfolio. Correlations between these risks
are difficult to quantify and, therefore, difficult to hedge. An inaccurate estimation of the correlation may
lead to a faulty hedge, and a consequent loss in a Fund’s portfolio.
Hedging. The Funds may utilize financial instruments such as forward contracts, options, futures and
swaps for hedging purposes or as part of its trading strategies. Hedging against a decline in the value of a
portfolio position does not eliminate fluctuations in the values of portfolio positions or prevent losses if the
values of such positions decline, but establishes other positions designed to gain from those same
developments, thus moderating the decline in the portfolio positions’ value. Hedging transactions may also
limit the opportunity for gain if the value of the portfolio position should increase. The success of the Fund’s
hedging transactions is subject to the movements in the direction of securities prices and currency and
interest rates. The degree of correlation between price movements of the instruments used in a hedging
strategy and price movements in the portfolio position being hedged may vary. Appaloosa may not seek
to establish a perfect correlation between such hedging instruments and the portfolio holdings being
hedged. Such imperfect correlation may prevent the Funds from achieving the intended hedge or expose
the Funds to risk of loss.
Short Selling. Short selling involves trading on margin and accordingly can involve greater risk than
investments based on a long position. A short sale of a security involves the risk of a theoretically unlimited
increase in the market price of the security, which could result in an inability to cover the short position and
a theoretically unlimited loss. There can be no guarantee that securities or other instruments necessary to
cover a short position will be available for purchase.
Derivatives. Appaloosa may utilize exchange-traded and over-the-counter futures, swaps, “synthetic” or
derivative instruments, certain types of options and other customized financial instruments issued by banks,
brokerage firms or other financial institutions. A swap is an agreement between an investor and a financial
intermediary whereby cash payments periodically are exchanged between the parties based upon changes
in the price of an underlying asset (such as an equity security, an index of securities, or another asset or
group of assets with a readily determinable value). Swaps and other derivatives are subject to the risk of
non-performance by the counterparty, including risks relating to the financial soundness and
creditworthiness of the counterparty. Swaps and other forms of derivative instruments may not be
guaranteed by an exchange or clearing house or regulated by a U.S. or foreign governmental authority. It
may not be possible to dispose of or close out a swap or other derivative position without the consent of
the counterparty, and the account may not be able to enter into an offsetting contract in order to be able to
cover its risk.
Co-Investments with Third Parties. The Funds may co-invest with third parties through joint ventures,
participation agreements, special purpose holding vehicles or other entities, which may be affiliates of
Appaloosa or entities managed by Appaloosa or its affiliates. Such investments may involve risks in
connection with such third-party involvement, including the possibility that a third-party co-venturer may
have financial difficulties, may have economic or business interests or goals that are inconsistent with those
of the Funds, or may be in a position to take (or block) action in a manner contrary to the Fund’s investment
objective. In circumstances where such third parties involve a management group, such third parties may
enter into compensation arrangements relating to such investments, including incentive compensation
arrangements. Such compensation arrangements will reduce the returns to participants in the
investments.
C. Risks Associated with Certain Types of Securities.
Distressed Securities. Investments in high yield and distressed securities, loans, private claims and other
obligations of highly leveraged companies, bankrupt entities, entities subject to bankruptcy proceedings or
reorganization, or entities experiencing financial difficulties involve substantial risks. A Fund may be
required to hold such investments for a long period of time, may lose a substantial portion or all of its
investment in such an entity, or may be required to accept cash or securities with a value less than the
Fund’s investment. It may be difficult to obtain information as to the true financial condition of entities
experiencing significant financial or business difficulties. Investments in distressed companies also may
be adversely affected by state and federal laws relating to fraudulent conveyances, voidable preferences,
lender liability and the bankruptcy courts’ discretionary power to disallow, subordinate or disenfranchise
particular claims. The market prices of instruments issued by distressed companies may be subject to
abrupt and erratic market movements and above average price volatility, and the spread between the bid
and ask prices of such instruments may be greater than with respect to other investments. It may take a
number of years for the market prices of such securities to reflect their intrinsic values. Investing in a
company involved in a plan of reorganization may involve additional risks, including risks associated with
equity ownership in the reorganized entity. Investments in distressed securities made in connection with
an attempt to influence a restructuring proposal or plan of reorganization in a bankruptcy case may involve
substantial litigation.
Asset-Backed Securities. Asset-backed securities are subject to interest rate risk and, to a lesser degree,
prepayment risk. Asset-backed securities are subject to additional risks in that, unlike mortgage-backed
securities, asset-backed securities generally do not have the benefit of a security interest in the underlying
collateral. Each type of asset-backed security also entails unique risks depending on the type of assets
involved and the legal structure used. In addition, asset-backed securities are subject to credit risk. There
is also the possibility that recoveries on repossessed collateral may not be available to support payments
on these securities because of the inability to perfect a security interest in such collateral.
Derivatives and Swaps. Certain swaps, options and other custom derivative or synthetic instruments are
subject to the risk of nonperformance by the counterparty to such instrument, including risks relating to the
financial soundness and creditworthiness of the counterparty. In addition, investments in derivative
instruments may involve a high degree of leverage, meaning the overall contract value (and, accordingly,
the potential for profits or losses in that value) can be much greater than the modest deposit used to buy
the position in the derivative contract. Derivative securities can be highly volatile. The prices of derivative
instruments and the investments underlying the derivative instruments may fluctuate rapidly and over wide
ranges and may reflect unforeseeable events or changes in conditions, none of which can be controlled by
Appaloosa. Further, certain transactions in derivative instruments may not be traded on recognized
exchanges, and may expose a Fund to greater risks than regulated exchange transactions that provide
greater liquidity and more accurate valuation of securities.
Emerging Markets. The risks of foreign investments typically are greater in less developed countries,
sometimes referred to as emerging markets. These countries are more likely to experience high levels of
inflation, deflation, or currency devaluation, which can harm their economies and securities markets and
increase volatility. Restrictions on currency trading that may be imposed by emerging market countries
may have an adverse effect on the value of the securities of companies that trade or operate in such
countries.
Equity Securities. The Funds may invest in long and short positions in common stocks, preferred stocks
and convertible securities of U.S. and non-U.S. issuers. Equity securities fluctuate in value, often based
on factors unrelated to the value of the issuer of the securities. The market price of equity securities may
be affected by general economic and market conditions, such as a broad decline in stock market prices, or
by conditions affecting specific issuers, such as changes in a company’s financial condition or earnings
forecasts.
Fixed-Income and Debt Securities. Investment in fixed-income and debt securities, such as bonds, notes
and asset-backed securities, involve the risk that the value of the securities will decline because of rising
interest rates. Similarly, a Fund that holds such securities is subject to the risk that the Fund’s income will
decline because of falling interest rates. Investments in these types of securities will also be subject to the
credit risk created when a debt issuer fails to pay interest and principal in a timely manner, or that negative
perceptions of the issuer’s ability to make such payments will cause the price of that debt to decline. Lastly,
investments in lower-rated debt securities will also be subject to the risk that the securities may fluctuate
more in price, and are less liquid, than higher-rated securities because issuers of such lower-rated debt
securities are not as strong financially, and are more likely to encounter financial difficulties and be more
vulnerable to adverse changes in the economy.
Illiquid Instruments. Certain instruments may have no readily available market or third-party pricing.
Reduced liquidity may have an adverse impact on market price and a Fund’s ability to sell particular
securities when necessary to meet liquidity needs or in response to a specific economic event, such as the
deterioration of creditworthiness of an issuer. Reduced liquidity in the secondary market for certain
securities may also make it more difficult for Appaloosa to obtain market quotations based on actual trades
for the purpose of valuing a Fund’s portfolio.
Mortgage-Backed Securities. Mortgage-backed securities are subject to credit risk associated with the
performance of the underlying mortgage properties. Factors such as consumer spending habits, local
economic and competitive conditions, tenant occupancy rates, regulatory or zoning restrictions, or the loss
of a major tenant may adversely affect the economic viability of a mortgaged property. In addition, these
securities are subject to prepayment risk. Some securities have a structure that makes their reaction to
interest rates and other factors difficult to predict, making their value highly volatile.
Non-U.S. Securities. Foreign securities, foreign currencies, and securities issued by U.S. entities with
substantial foreign operations can involve additional risks relating to political, economic, or regulatory
conditions in foreign countries. These risks include fluctuations in foreign currencies; withholding or other
taxes; trading, settlement, custodial, and other operational risks; and the less stringent investor protection
and disclosure standards of some foreign markets. All of these factors can make foreign investments,
especially those in emerging markets, more volatile and potentially less liquid than U.S. investments. In
addition, foreign markets can perform differently from the U.S. market.
REITs. Investments in REITs may be affected by underlying real estate values, which may have an
exaggerated effect to the extent that REITs concentrate investments in particular geographic regions or
property types. Investments in REITs are also subject to the risk of interest rate volatility. Rising interest
rates may cause investors in REITs to demand a higher annual yield from future distributions, which may
in turn decrease market prices for equity securities issued by REITs. REITs are subject to risks inherent in
operating and financing a limited number of projects because they are dependent upon specialized
management skills, and have limited diversification. REITS depend generally on their ability to generate
cash flow to make distributions to investors.
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A. Criminal or Civil Actions. This Item is not applicable.
B. Administrative Proceedings before Regulatory Authorities.
On July 2, 2010, the SEC entered an order instituting public administrative proceedings pursuant to Section
21C of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (“Exchange Act”) and Section 203(e) of the Investment
Advisers Act of 1940 (“Advisers Act”) making findings and imposing remedial sanctions and a cease-and-
desist order against AMLP. AMLP, without admitting or denying the allegations of the Commission, agreed
to settle an administrative and cease-and-desist proceeding relating to an alleged violation of Rule 105 of
Regulation M of the Exchange Act.
C. Self-Regulatory Organization (SRO) Proceedings.
This Item is not applicable.
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A. Broker-Dealer Registration Status. This Item is not applicable.
B. Commodities-Related Registration.
Appaloosa is registered with the Commodity Futures Trading Commission as a commodity pool operator
and is also a member of the National Futures Association (the “NFA”). Certain management persons of
Appaloosa are registered with the NFA as associated persons.
C. Material Relationships or Arrangements with Industry Participants.
Appaloosa and its employees and affiliates, in the course of its investment management and other activities,
may serve on the board of directors or a creditors committee, and may come into possession of confidential
or material nonpublic information about issuers, including issuers in which Appaloosa or its related persons
have invested or seek to invest on behalf of Clients. Appaloosa may be prohibited from disclosing or using
such information for its own benefit or for the benefit of any other person, regardless of whether such other
person is a client. As a result, Funds managed by Appaloosa may, under certain circumstances, be
prohibited for a period of time from engaging in transactions with respect to the debt or securities of certain
issuers. Appaloosa maintains written policies and procedures that prohibit the communication of such
information to persons who do not have a legitimate need to know such information and to assure that
Appaloosa is meeting its obligations to clients and remains in compliance with applicable law. In certain
circumstances, Appaloosa may possess certain confidential or material, nonpublic information that, if
disclosed, might be material to a decision to buy, sell or hold a security, but Appaloosa will be prohibited
from communicating such information to the Client or using such information for the benefit of any Client.
In such circumstances, Appaloosa will have no responsibility or liability to the Client for not disclosing such
information to the Client (or the fact that Appaloosa possesses such information), or not using such
information for the Client’s benefit, as a result of following Appaloosa’s policies and procedures designed
to provide reasonable assurances that it is complying with applicable law.
AMLP provides consulting services to Appaloosa.
D. Material Conflicts of Interest Relating to Other Investment Advisers This Item is not applicable.
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A. Code of Ethics.
Appaloosa has adopted a Code of Ethics (the “Code”) that requires Appaloosa and its related persons to
put the interests of Appaloosa’s Clients before their own interests and to act honestly and fairly in all
respects in their dealings with Clients. The Code includes procedures for monitoring the personal securities
transactions of all employees as described in greater detail below. The Code also contains policies and
procedures regarding the receipt of gifts. All employees must acknowledge the terms of the Code of Ethics
annually. Appaloosa will make a copy of the Code available to Clients upon request to the Chief
Compliance Officer.
B. Client Transactions in Securities where Appaloosa has a Material Financial Interest.
Appaloosa and its related persons own significant interests in the Funds that it manages.
Appaloosa may cause one or more of its Clients to buy securities from, or sell securities to, other Clients of
Appaloosa at current market prices (for example, as part of routine rebalancing of accounts traded using
the same investment strategy, to reallocate an investment among the accounts managed by Appaloosa, or
where one or more of such accounts was unable to participate directly in the original trade), including
accounts in which Appaloosa, its principals or employees are investors or in which such persons may have
a financial interest due to the payment of performance-based compensation to Appaloosa (or an affiliate)
by such Client. Generally, such transactions are executed at the prevailing market price for such assets at
the time of the transaction; however, where no active secondary market exists for the assets, the transaction
price for the assets will be set at a level deemed to be fair and equitable by Appaloosa. Where applicable,
the consent of the appropriate Client (which, in certain circumstances, may be provided by the Client’s
independent directors or an independent committee established to address conflicts of interest) to such
transaction will be obtained in accordance with the Advisers Act and related rules.
C. Investing in Securities Recommended to Clients.
Appaloosa or its related persons may invest in the same securities (or related securities, such as warrants,
options or futures) that Appaloosa or a related person recommends to Clients. Such practices may present
a conflict where, because of the information Appaloosa has, Appaloosa or its related persons may be in a
position to trade in a manner that could adversely affect Clients (for example, by placing their own trades
before or after Client trades are executed in order to benefit from any price movements due to the Clients’
trades). In addition to affecting Appaloosa’s or its related person’s objectivity, these practices by Appaloosa
or its related persons may also harm Clients by adversely affecting the price at which the Clients’ trades
are executed. Appaloosa has adopted certain procedures in an effort to minimize such conflicts: Appaloosa
requires its access persons to pre-clear with the Chief Compliance Officer or his designee all transactions
in their personal accounts involving limited offerings and securities owned by a Client. The Chief
Compliance Officer may deny permission to execute the transaction if he believes such transaction will
have any adverse economic impact on one of Appaloosa’s Clients. In addition, Appaloosa’s Code prohibits
Appaloosa or its access persons from executing personal securities transactions of any kind in any
securities on a restricted securities list maintained by the Chief Compliance Officer. All of Appaloosa’s
related persons are required to disclose their securities transactions on a quarterly basis and holdings on
an annual basis. All of Appaloosa’s related persons are also required to provide a quarterly certification of
such transactions. Trading in employee accounts will be reviewed by the Chief Compliance Officer and
compared with transactions for the Client accounts and reviewed against the restricted securities list.
D. Conflicts of Interest Created by Contemporaneous Trading.
See the discussion under Item 6 (Performance-Based Fees and Side-by-Side Management) and Item 16
(Investment Discretion).
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A. Factors Considered in Selecting or Recommending Broker-Dealers for Client Transactions. Appaloosa considers a number of factors in selecting a broker-dealer to execute transactions (or series of
transactions) and determining the reasonableness of the broker-dealer’s compensation. Such factors
include net price, reputation, financial strength and stability, efficiency of execution and error resolution. In
selecting a broker-dealer to execute transactions (or series of transactions) and determining the
reasonableness of the broker-dealer’s compensation, Appaloosa need not solicit competitive bids and does
not have an obligation to seek the lowest available commission cost. Appaloosa’s Chief Compliance Officer
and traders confer periodically to evaluate the broker-dealers used by Appaloosa to execute Client trades
using the foregoing factors.
Research and Other Soft Dollar Benefits.
Appaloosa may receive research or other products or services other than execution from a broker-dealer
in connection with Client securities transactions. This is known as a “soft dollar” relationship. Commencing
January 2020, Appaloosa will not use soft dollars to pay for third party research. However, Appaloosa may
receive research and brokerage services from brokers as permitted under Section 28(e) of the Exchange
Act (“Section 28(e)”). Research services within Section 28(e) may include, but are not limited to, research
reports (including market research); certain financial newsletters and trade journals; software providing
analysis of securities portfolios; corporate governance research and rating services; attendance at certain
seminars and conferences; discussions with research analysts and the management of portfolio
companies; consultants’ advice on portfolio strategy; data services (including services providing market
data, company financial data and economic data); advice from broker-dealers on order execution; and
certain proxy services. Brokerage services within Section 28(e) may include, but are not limited to, services
related to the execution, clearing and settlement of securities transactions and functions incidental thereto
(for example, connectivity services between an adviser and a broker-dealer and other relevant parties such
as custodians); trading software operated by a broker-dealer to route orders; software that provides trade
analytics and trading strategies; software used to transmit orders; clearance and settlement in connection
with a trade; electronic communication of allocation instructions; routing settlement instructions; post trade
matching of trade information; and services required by the SEC or a self-regulatory organization such as
comparison services, electronic confirms or trade affirmations.
When Appaloosa uses Client commissions to obtain Section 28(e) eligible research and brokerage products
and services, Appaloosa’s Chief Compliance Officer and traders will confer periodically to review and
evaluate its practices to determine whether, with respect to any research or other products or services
received from a broker-dealer, the commissions used to obtain those products and services were
reasonable in relation to the value of the brokerage, research or other products or services provided by the
broker-dealer. This determination may be viewed in terms of either a specific transaction or Appaloosa’s
overall responsibilities to its Clients.
Research and brokerage services obtained by the use of commissions arising from a Client's portfolio
transactions may be used by Appaloosa in its other investment activities, including for the benefit of other
Client accounts.
Brokerage for Client Referrals.
Appaloosa does not presently consider referral of Clients or investors as a factor in the selection of brokers,
but may do so in the future, subject to Appaloosa’s obligation to seek best execution.
Directed Brokerage.
Appaloosa does not accept instructions from Clients to direct brokerage to specific brokers.
B. Order Aggregation.
Appaloosa often purchases or sells the same security for more than one Client at or near the same time
and using the same executing broker. It is Appaloosa's practice, where possible, to aggregate Client orders
for the purchase or sale of the same security submitted at or near the same time for execution using the
same executing broker. Such aggregation may enable Appaloosa to obtain for Clients a more favorable
price or a better commission rate based upon the volume of a particular transaction. When an aggregated
order is completely filled, Appaloosa allocates the securities purchased or proceeds of sale pro rata among
the participating accounts within a strategy, based on the purchase or sale order. Adjustments or changes
may be made under certain circumstances, such as to avoid odd lots or excessively small allocations. If
the order at a particular broker is filled at several different prices, through multiple trades, generally all such
participating accounts will receive the average price and pay the average commission, subject to odd lots,
rounding, and market practice. If an aggregated order is only partially filled, Appaloosa's procedures
provide that the securities or proceeds are to be allocated in a manner deemed fair and equitable to Clients.
Depending on the investment strategy pursued and the type of security, this may result in something other
than a pro rata allocation to all participating Clients.
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A. Frequency and Nature of Review. Each Client account is reviewed by a portfolio manager of Appaloosa daily to determine whether securities
positions should be maintained in view of current market conditions. Matters reviewed include specific
securities held, adherence to investment guidelines and the performance of each Client account.
B. Factors Prompting a Non-Periodic Review of Accounts This item is not applicable.
C. Content and Frequency of Regular Account Reports.
The funds typically provide to investors audited financial statements, periodic unaudited reports and
information necessary for United States federal income tax purposes.
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A. Economic Benefits Received from Non-Clients for Providing Services to Clients. Appaloosa may receive certain research or other products or services from broker-dealers as described in
Item 12 above. These arrangements may create an incentive for Appaloosa to select or recommend broker-
dealers based on Appaloosa’s interest in receiving the research or other products or services and may
result in the selection of a broker-dealer on the basis of considerations that are not limited to the lowest
commission rates, and may result in higher transaction costs than would otherwise be obtainable by
Appaloosa on behalf of its Clients.
B. Compensation to Non-Supervised Persons for Client Referrals.
Appaloosa does not presently compensate any third parties for the referral of Clients or investors, but may
do so in the future.
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Appaloosa will not have physical custody of any Client assets, although Appaloosa may be deemed to have
custody of the assets of certain of the Funds as a result of the authority of Appaloosa or an affiliate as
general partner or managing member.
It is Appaloosa’s policy to cause each Fund with assets over which Appaloosa is deemed to have “custody”
to be audited annually. Audited financial statements, prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted
accounting principles, will be distributed to investors in each Fund no later than 120 days after the end of
each fiscal year.
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Appaloosa provides investment advisory services on a discretionary basis to Clients. Prior to assuming full
discretion in managing a Client’s assets, Appaloosa enters into an investment management agreement or
other agreement that sets forth the scope of Appaloosa’s discretion.
Appaloosa has the authority to determine (i) the securities to be purchased and sold for the Client account
(subject to restrictions on its activities set forth in the investment management agreement or any other
applicable documents including any written investment guidelines) and (ii) the amount of securities to be
purchased or sold for the Client account. Because of the differences in Client investment objectives and
strategies, risk tolerances, tax status and other criteria, there may be differences among Clients in invested
positions and securities held. The portfolio managers may consider the following factors, among others, in
allocating securities among Clients: (i) Client investment objectives and strategies; (ii) Client risk profiles;
(iii) tax status and restrictions placed on a Client's portfolio by the Client or by applicable law; (iv) size of
the Client account; (v) nature and liquidity of the security to be allocated; (vi) size of available position; (vii)
current market conditions; and (viii) account liquidity, account requirements for liquidity and timing of cash
flows. Although it is Appaloosa’s general policy to allocate investment opportunities to eligible Client
accounts within a strategy on a pro rata basis (based on the value of the assets of each participating account
relative to value of the assets of all participating accounts, plus any additional leverage with respect to any
account managed using a greater amount of leverage), these factors may lead a portfolio manager to
allocate securities to Client accounts in varying amounts. Even Client accounts that are typically managed
on a pari passu basis may from time to time receive differing allocations of securities.
Securities acquired by Appaloosa for its Clients through initial public offerings (IPOs) and secondary
offerings will be allocated pursuant to the procedures set forth in Appaloosa’s allocation policy. The policy
provides that: (i) if Appaloosa receives a full allocation of securities in an IPO, the securities will generally
be allocated by the trader to eligible participating Client accounts pro rata among funds with the same or
substantially similar investment strategy, or (ii) if Appaloosa receives less than a full allocation of securities
in an IPO, the securities will be allocated by the trader to eligible participating Client accounts based upon,
among other factors, the assets, account size, investment guidelines, risk profile and tax status of each
participating Fund. IPOs will generally not be allocated to Azteca Partners LLC as its investors are
comprised solely of employees of Appaloosa. The portfolio manager will determine the proposed
allocations of IPO securities after considering the factors described above with respect to general
allocations of securities. Only those investors that have established their eligibility to participate in IPOs
may participate in IPO allocations.
Securities acquired by Appaloosa for its Clients through a limited offering will be allocated pursuant to the
procedures set forth in Appaloosa’s allocation policy. The policy provides that the portfolio manager will
determine the proposed allocation of limited offering securities after considering the factors described above
with respect to general allocations of securities and determining those Client accounts eligible to hold such
securities. Eligibility will be based on the legal status of the Client and the Client’s investment objectives
and strategies.
Appaloosa and its affiliates may purchase on behalf of its Clients different classes of debt and/or equity of
the same borrower or issuer. These and other investments may be deemed to create a conflict of interest.
Appaloosa may be required to take certain actions for some Clients with respect to one class of debt or
equity that may be adverse to other Clients who hold other classes of debt or equity of the same borrower
or issuer.
If it appears that a trade error has occurred, Appaloosa will review the relevant facts and circumstances to
determine an appropriate course of action. Appaloosa has discretion to resolve a particular error in any
appropriate manner. In the event that a Client account incurs a trade error as a result of Appaloosa’s gross
negligence, willful misconduct, or fraud, the trade error will be corrected by Appaloosa as soon as
practicable, in a manner such that the Client incurs no loss. Trade errors that result other than as a result
of Appaloosa’s gross negligence, willful misconduct, or fraud are borne by the Client account.
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Appaloosa’s proxy voting policies and procedures are designed to ensure that in cases where Appaloosa
votes proxies with respect to Client securities, such proxies are voted in the best interests of its Clients.
Appaloosa reviews the relevant facts in an effort to determine whether or not a material conflict of interest
may arise due to business or other relationships of Appaloosa and its related persons. If a material conflict
of interest between Appaloosa and a Client exists, Appaloosa will determine whether voting in accordance
with the guidelines set forth in the proxy voting policies and procedures is in the best interests of the Client
or take some other appropriate action, which may include abstaining or disclosing the conflict of interest to
the Client (such as the board of directors of a Fund) and deferring to the Client’s voting recommendation.
Depending on each Client’s particular circumstances, Appaloosa may vote one Client’s securities differently
than it votes those of another Client, or may vote differently on identical or similar proposals.
Appaloosa will make its proxy voting policies and procedures and information about how Appaloosa has
voted Client proxies available to Clients upon request.
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Open Brochure from SEC website